{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407361297","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3541082","title":"Cost-Effective Task Offloading and Resource Scheduling for Mobile Edge Computing in 6G Space-Air\u2013Ground Integrated Network","display_name":"Cost-Effective Task Offloading and Resource Scheduling for Mobile Edge Computing in 6G Space-Air\u2013Ground Integrated Network","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407361297","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3541082"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2025.3541082","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3541082","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112360204","display_name":"Wenwu Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4138-6024"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenwu Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information, Central South University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4138-6024","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information, Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086816845","display_name":"Xiaoheng Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2740-8025"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoheng Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information and the Shenzhen Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China","School of Electronic Information, Central South University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2740-8025","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information and the Shenzhen Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information, Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038137311","display_name":"Jinsong Gui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9399-9092"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinsong Gui","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information, Central South University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9399-9092","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information, Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100626780","display_name":"Honggang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1492-1364"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33434090","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Boston","ror":"https://ror.org/04ydmy275","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33434090"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Honggang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Department, Umass Boston, Boston, MA, USA","Engineering Department, Umass Boston, Boston, MA, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Department, Umass Boston, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33434090"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Department, Umass Boston, Boston, MA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33434090"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100770003","display_name":"Geyong Min","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1395-7314"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23923803","display_name":"University of Exeter","ror":"https://ror.org/03yghzc09","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Geyong Min","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1395-7314","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.4073,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97594539,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"12","first_page":"19428","last_page":"19442"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9578999876976013,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9578999876976013,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9365000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7908776998519897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-edge-computing","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","score":0.6176950335502625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.5527797341346741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-computing","display_name":"Mobile computing","score":0.48669129610061646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4688336253166199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-computing","display_name":"Edge computing","score":0.45517945289611816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-telephony","display_name":"Mobile telephony","score":0.4508787989616394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4067464768886566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.3743434548377991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.34477171301841736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-radio","display_name":"Mobile radio","score":0.2581787705421448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1875944435596466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.09428402781486511}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7908776998519897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776061582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25325231","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","level":3,"score":0.6176950335502625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.5527797341346741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144543869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2738570","display_name":"Mobile computing","level":2,"score":0.48669129610061646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4688336253166199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.45517945289611816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95491727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q992968","display_name":"Mobile telephony","level":3,"score":0.4508787989616394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4067464768886566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.3743434548377991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.34477171301841736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781307350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6887221","display_name":"Mobile radio","level":2,"score":0.2581787705421448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1875944435596466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.09428402781486511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2025.3541082","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3541082","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2030481789","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62172449","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2460975407","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62172441","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335888","display_name":"Innovation-Driven Project of Central South University","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3217259041","https://openalex.org/W4225909459","https://openalex.org/W4280557510","https://openalex.org/W4280643438","https://openalex.org/W4290996565","https://openalex.org/W4293195791","https://openalex.org/W4295308573","https://openalex.org/W4295700767","https://openalex.org/W4295934714","https://openalex.org/W4312267380","https://openalex.org/W4312695887","https://openalex.org/W4312862297","https://openalex.org/W4320018413","https://openalex.org/W4321021721","https://openalex.org/W4381331133","https://openalex.org/W4385413670","https://openalex.org/W4385863562","https://openalex.org/W4386275820","https://openalex.org/W4386473147","https://openalex.org/W4387870276","https://openalex.org/W4388145410","https://openalex.org/W4388740173","https://openalex.org/W4389076352","https://openalex.org/W4389317881","https://openalex.org/W4389317911","https://openalex.org/W4391547700","https://openalex.org/W4391559419","https://openalex.org/W4391935850","https://openalex.org/W4392152285","https://openalex.org/W4400188371","https://openalex.org/W4403407846"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3154796165","https://openalex.org/W4361251304","https://openalex.org/W3139051647","https://openalex.org/W2902693277","https://openalex.org/W4378977105","https://openalex.org/W3024547383","https://openalex.org/W4210813012","https://openalex.org/W3174690704","https://openalex.org/W4221092438","https://openalex.org/W4406207611"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,4,58,103,142],"advent":[2],"of":[3,17,24],"sixth-generation":[5],"(6G)":[6],"wireless":[7],"communications,":[8],"transmission":[9,30],"speeds":[10,23],"are":[11,131],"projected":[12],"to":[13,26,91,148,179],"exceed":[14],"tenfold":[15],"those":[16],"5G,":[18],"reaching":[19],"theoretical":[20],"peak":[21],"download":[22],"up":[25],"1":[27],"Tbps.":[28],"Data":[29],"capacity":[31],"and":[32,47,66,74,97,122,126,134,141,155,163,175],"speed":[33],"will":[34],"be":[35],"significantly":[36],"enhanced,":[37],"enabling":[38],"emerging":[39],"applications,":[40],"such":[41],"as":[42],"mixed":[43],"reality,":[44],"federated":[45],"learning,":[46],"digital":[48],"twins,":[49],"driving":[50],"exponential":[51],"data":[52],"traffic":[53],"growth.":[54],"To":[55],"address":[56],"this,":[57],"space-air\u2013ground":[59],"integrated":[60,85],"network":[61],"(SAGIN)":[62],"combines":[63],"satellite,":[64],"aerial,":[65],"ground":[67],"communication":[68],"technologies,":[69],"offering":[70],"seamless":[71],"global":[72],"coverage":[73],"high-speed":[75],"connectivity.":[76],"In":[77],"this":[78],"article,":[79],"we":[80,101],"proposes":[81],"an":[82],"SAGIN":[83],"framework":[84],"with":[86,160],"mobile":[87],"edge":[88],"computing":[89,157],"(MEC)":[90],"jointly":[92],"optimize":[93],"system":[94,172],"energy":[95,173],"consumption":[96,174],"delay":[98,176],"costs.":[99],"Specifically,":[100],"decompose":[102],"optimization":[104],"problem":[105],"into":[106],"three":[107],"subproblems:":[108],"1)":[109],"uncrewed":[110],"aerial":[111],"vehicle":[112],"(UAV)":[113],"computational":[114,119],"resource":[115,120],"allocation;":[116,121],"2)":[117],"satellite":[118,156],"3)":[123],"task":[124,161],"offloading":[125,162],"channel":[127,164],"allocation.":[128],"The":[129],"subproblems":[130],"then":[132],"transformed":[133],"addressed":[135],"using":[136],"Newton\u2019s":[137],"interior":[138],"point":[139],"method":[140],"deep":[143],"reinforcement":[144],"learning":[145],"DQN":[146],"algorithm":[147,169],"derive":[149],"optimal":[150],"allocation":[151],"strategies":[152],"for":[153],"UAV":[154],"resources,":[158,165],"along":[159],"that":[166],"our":[167],"proposed":[168],"effectively":[170],"reduces":[171],"costs":[177],"compared":[178],"other":[180],"algorithms.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}