{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406983061","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3536499","title":"Low-Complexity Beamforming Design for MU-MIMO Optical Wireless Communications","display_name":"Low-Complexity Beamforming Design for MU-MIMO Optical Wireless Communications","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406983061","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3536499"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2025.3536499","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3536499","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103269319","display_name":"J.C. Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5268-2781"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianfei Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","School of Information Science and Engineering, National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5268-2781","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100729879","display_name":"Chen Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8352-9094"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","School of Information Science and Engineering, National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8352-9094","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085579919","display_name":"Jiaheng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9783-5471"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiaheng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","School of Information Science and Engineering, National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9783-5471","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050692023","display_name":"Xiqi Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9107-6593"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiqi Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","School of Information Science and Engineering, National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9107-6593","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100350746","display_name":"Sen Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5497-7365"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180662265","display_name":"China Mobile (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05gftfe97","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sen Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Liang Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9685-7831"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180662265","display_name":"China Mobile (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05gftfe97","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9685-7831","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100762079","display_name":"Qixing Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8442-3793"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180662265","display_name":"China Mobile (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05gftfe97","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qixing Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019194782","display_name":"Haiyu Ding","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180662265","display_name":"China Mobile (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05gftfe97","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haiyu Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0270-4578","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.315,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.46666924,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"11","first_page":"17183","last_page":"17196"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9896000027656555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.7432413697242737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.7231640219688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6676462292671204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5748082995414734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-user-mimo","display_name":"Multi-user MIMO","score":0.5233629941940308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.48263368010520935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3g-mimo","display_name":"3G MIMO","score":0.4736845791339874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.4352518320083618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.36765551567077637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15488126873970032}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.7432413697242737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.7231640219688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6676462292671204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5748082995414734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91330434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q738298","display_name":"Multi-user MIMO","level":4,"score":0.5233629941940308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.48263368010520935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165650700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4636347","display_name":"3G MIMO","level":4,"score":0.4736845791339874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.4352518320083618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.36765551567077637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15488126873970032}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2025.3536499","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3536499","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6800000071525574}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G438436633","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62331024","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5426898190","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2242023K5003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7106917570","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U22B2006","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G785863559","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2242022k60007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8520621865","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62271145","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335038","display_name":"Kasetsart University Research and Development Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05gzceg21"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W972130887","https://openalex.org/W1484844138","https://openalex.org/W1498440540","https://openalex.org/W1534726451","https://openalex.org/W2055548259","https://openalex.org/W2144644352","https://openalex.org/W2161272050","https://openalex.org/W2163770389","https://openalex.org/W2210084516","https://openalex.org/W2263466419","https://openalex.org/W2289141984","https://openalex.org/W2524828424","https://openalex.org/W2609966559","https://openalex.org/W2615462575","https://openalex.org/W2765923080","https://openalex.org/W2788350651","https://openalex.org/W2788428941","https://openalex.org/W2803887634","https://openalex.org/W2884505978","https://openalex.org/W2908882174","https://openalex.org/W2917136785","https://openalex.org/W3009884131","https://openalex.org/W3022056238","https://openalex.org/W3027900222","https://openalex.org/W3089875883","https://openalex.org/W3091957253","https://openalex.org/W3100677532","https://openalex.org/W3196701039","https://openalex.org/W3213648339","https://openalex.org/W3215435831","https://openalex.org/W4250589301","https://openalex.org/W4313044853","https://openalex.org/W4313546799","https://openalex.org/W4321380721","https://openalex.org/W4389297244","https://openalex.org/W4390969538","https://openalex.org/W4394595215","https://openalex.org/W4399526788"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4200145345","https://openalex.org/W2545343974","https://openalex.org/W1561113522","https://openalex.org/W1996130034","https://openalex.org/W1987031311","https://openalex.org/W2038397443","https://openalex.org/W2182661536","https://openalex.org/W1495906304","https://openalex.org/W1520753245","https://openalex.org/W1988884148"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Multiple-input-multiple-output":[0],"(MIMO)":[1],"optical":[2,136],"wireless":[3],"communication":[4],"(OWC)":[5],"is":[6],"a":[7,74,81,121],"promising":[8],"technology":[9],"capable":[10],"of":[11,76,132,135],"providing":[12],"high":[13,39],"data":[14],"rates.":[15],"However,":[16],"interuser":[17],"interference":[18],"can":[19],"negatively":[20],"impact":[21],"system":[22],"performance.":[23,158],"Existing":[24],"studies":[25,48],"employ":[26],"CVX-based":[27],"beamforming":[28,51,71,86,110,146],"designs":[29,147],"to":[30,53,67],"mitigate":[31],"this":[32,44,46],"issue,":[33],"but":[34],"these":[35,96],"approaches":[36],"suffer":[37],"from":[38],"computational":[40,150],"complexity.":[41],"To":[42],"tackle":[43],"challenge,":[45],"article":[47],"the":[49,55,62,69,99,107,114,125,133,144,149,155],"low-complexity":[50],"design":[52],"maximize":[54],"sum":[56,102,156],"rate.":[57],"Specifically,":[58],"we":[59,89,105,119],"first":[60],"utilize":[61],"fractional":[63],"programming":[64],"(FP)":[65],"method":[66],"decompose":[68],"original":[70],"problem":[72],"into":[73],"series":[75],"convex":[77],"subproblems":[78],"and":[79],"propose":[80,120],"block":[82],"coordinate":[83],"descent":[84],"(BCD)-based":[85],"framework.":[87],"Then,":[88],"provide":[90],"closed-form":[91,122],"or":[92],"semi-closed-form":[93,109],"solutions":[94],"for":[95,124],"subproblems.":[97],"For":[98],"general":[100],"approximate":[101],"rate":[103,157],"maximization,":[104],"drive":[106],"optimal":[108],"structure":[111],"based":[112],"on":[113],"Karush-Kuhn\u2013Tucker":[115],"(KKT)":[116],"conditions.":[117],"Furthermore,":[118],"solution":[123],"upper":[126],"bound":[127],"maximization":[128],"by":[129],"taking":[130],"advantage":[131],"separability":[134],"power":[137],"constraints.":[138],"Finally,":[139],"numerical":[140],"results":[141],"indicate":[142],"that":[143],"proposed":[145],"reduce":[148],"complexity":[151],"significantly":[152],"while":[153],"keeping":[154]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-25T15:57:00.446498","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}