{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406028328","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3525644","title":"Federated-Blockchain-Based Clustering Protocol for Enhanced Security and Connectivity in FANETs With CF-mMIMO","display_name":"Federated-Blockchain-Based Clustering Protocol for Enhanced Security and Connectivity in FANETs With CF-mMIMO","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406028328","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3525644"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2025.3525644","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3525644","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006796932","display_name":"Yushintia Pramitarini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7732-7579"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94588446","display_name":"Hongik University","ror":"https://ror.org/00egdv862","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94588446"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yushintia Pramitarini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Software and Communications Engineering, Graduate School, Hongik University, Sejong, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Software and Communications Engineering, Graduate School, Hongik University, Sejong, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94588446"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042167303","display_name":"Ridho Hendra Yoga Perdana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1680-1190"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94588446","display_name":"Hongik University","ror":"https://ror.org/00egdv862","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94588446"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ridho Hendra Yoga Perdana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Software and Communications Engineering, Graduate School, Hongik University, Sejong, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Software and Communications Engineering, Graduate School, Hongik University, Sejong, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94588446"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034309196","display_name":"Kyusung Shim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4851-0811"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119060216","display_name":"Hankyong National University","ror":"https://ror.org/0031nsg68","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119060216"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kyusung Shim","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Engineering and Applied Mathematics, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Republic of Korea","School of Computer Engineering and Applied Mathematics, Hankyong National University, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Engineering and Applied Mathematics, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119060216"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Engineering and Applied Mathematics, Hankyong National University, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119060216"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037079266","display_name":"Beongku An","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0587-3754"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94588446","display_name":"Hongik University","ror":"https://ror.org/00egdv862","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94588446"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Beongku An","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Software and Communications Engineering, Graduate School, Hongik University, Sejong, Republic of Korea","Department of Software and Communications Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Software and Communications Engineering, Graduate School, Hongik University, Sejong, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94588446"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Software and Communications Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94588446"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006796932"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94588446"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.9425,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95888201,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"10","first_page":"14016","last_page":"14035"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9909999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8589417338371277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.6978598833084106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.6903976202011108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.6759432554244995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.6227591633796692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.5118016600608826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.44207990169525146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.4418402314186096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-ad-hoc-network","display_name":"Wireless ad hoc network","score":0.43479055166244507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.4140355885028839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.1855890154838562}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8589417338371277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.6978598833084106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.6903976202011108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6759432554244995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6227591633796692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5118016600608826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.44207990169525146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.4418402314186096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94523657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4085781","display_name":"Wireless ad hoc network","level":3,"score":0.43479055166244507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.4140355885028839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.1855890154838562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2025.3525644","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3525644","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1791743871","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2022R1A2B5B01001190","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2037508129","https://openalex.org/W2046583194","https://openalex.org/W2127272148","https://openalex.org/W2153018188","https://openalex.org/W2799187374","https://openalex.org/W2890222425","https://openalex.org/W2912524610","https://openalex.org/W2923341526","https://openalex.org/W2926987861","https://openalex.org/W2963507231","https://openalex.org/W2982311201","https://openalex.org/W3002481625","https://openalex.org/W3004946548","https://openalex.org/W3013500184","https://openalex.org/W3019690826","https://openalex.org/W3022850065","https://openalex.org/W3047072514","https://openalex.org/W3049609370","https://openalex.org/W3113673319","https://openalex.org/W3166148807","https://openalex.org/W3184000577","https://openalex.org/W3196857250","https://openalex.org/W3214669730","https://openalex.org/W4200539697","https://openalex.org/W4205929200","https://openalex.org/W4207046188","https://openalex.org/W4210815602","https://openalex.org/W4210960727","https://openalex.org/W4290711223","https://openalex.org/W4318148160","https://openalex.org/W4321608017","https://openalex.org/W4321843706","https://openalex.org/W4327662019","https://openalex.org/W4385490424","https://openalex.org/W4386860250","https://openalex.org/W4391992556","https://openalex.org/W4393242458","https://openalex.org/W4395462893","https://openalex.org/W4401305910","https://openalex.org/W6631190155"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2078379271","https://openalex.org/W2043460294","https://openalex.org/W4210712718","https://openalex.org/W2384544638","https://openalex.org/W1905398909","https://openalex.org/W2161277559","https://openalex.org/W1942207260","https://openalex.org/W3136989197","https://openalex.org/W1502313685","https://openalex.org/W3112632410"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,96,142],"propose":[4],"a":[5,144],"novel":[6,145],"federated":[7,34],"blockchain":[8,31,120],"(FedChain)-based":[9],"clustering":[10,177,191,209],"protocol":[11,178,210],"to":[12,84,124,148],"enhance":[13],"network":[14,80],"security":[15,118,162,201,213],"and":[16,33,76,79,109,129,137,150,163,188,200,214],"connectivity":[17,185],"in":[18,154,194],"flying":[19],"ad":[20],"hoc":[21],"networks":[22],"(FANETs)":[23],"with":[24,91],"cell-free":[25],"massive":[26],"MIMO":[27],"(CF-mMIMO).":[28],"By":[29],"leveraging":[30],"technology":[32,121],"learning":[35],"(FL),":[36],"the":[37,51,58,86,98,105,117,174,180,207],"cluster":[38,47,100,168],"can":[39],"be":[40],"protected":[41],"against":[42],"Sybil":[43,138],"attacks,":[44],"enabling":[45],"secure":[46,131],"formation":[48,87,132],"without":[49,157],"increasing":[50],"number":[52],"of":[53,88,196],"control":[54,93,159,164,198],"packets.":[55],"We":[56],"formulate":[57],"cost":[59],"function":[60],"maximization":[61],"problem":[62],"based":[63,103],"on":[64,104],"cross-layer":[65],"design,":[66],"which":[67],"integrates":[68],"physical":[69],"layer":[70,81],"information":[71],"(mobility,":[72],"position,":[73],"channel":[74],"capacity,":[75],"remaining":[77,107],"energy)":[78],"parameters":[82],"(connectivity)":[83],"optimize":[85],"stable":[89],"clusters":[90],"minimal":[92],"overhead.":[94],"Furthermore,":[95],"select":[97],"optimal":[99],"heads":[101],"(CHs)":[102],"highest":[106],"energy":[108],"velocity-constrained":[110],"criteria,":[111],"ensuring":[112],"long-term":[113],"stability.":[114],"To":[115],"solve":[116],"issue,":[119],"is":[122],"adopted":[123],"validate":[125],"transactions":[126],"among":[127],"nodes":[128],"ensure":[130],"by":[133],"distinguishing":[134],"legitimate":[135],"users":[136],"attack":[139],"nodes.":[140],"Additionally,":[141],"develop":[143],"FL":[146],"framework":[147],"predict":[149],"distinguish":[151],"node":[152],"status":[153],"real":[155],"time":[156],"additional":[158],"packets,":[160],"improving":[161],"overhead":[165],"performance":[166],"during":[167],"formation.":[169],"Simulation":[170],"results":[171,204],"demonstrate":[172],"that":[173,206],"proposed":[175],"FedChain-based":[176,208],"outperforms":[179],"lowest":[181],"ID":[182],"(LI),":[183],"high":[184],"degree":[186],"(HCD),":[187],"conventional":[189],"blockchain-based":[190],"(CBC)":[192],"protocols":[193],"terms":[195],"connectivity,":[197,215],"overhead,":[199],"performance.":[202],"The":[203],"highlight":[205],"provides":[211],"robust":[212],"making":[216],"it":[217],"well-suited":[218],"for":[219],"dynamic":[220],"FANET":[221],"environments.":[222]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
