{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402742696","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2024.3465559","title":"MSGFormer: Revolutionizing Traffic Flow Prediction With Multiscale and Gated Transformer Architecture","display_name":"MSGFormer: Revolutionizing Traffic Flow Prediction With Multiscale and Gated Transformer Architecture","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-09-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402742696","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2024.3465559"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2024.3465559","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2024.3465559","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100318383","display_name":"Wei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1733-7956"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Communication, Army Academy of Armored Forces, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1733-7956","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Communication, Army Academy of Armored Forces, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jun Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2499-0517"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Command and Control Engineering, Army Engineering University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2499-0517","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Command and Control Engineering, Army Engineering University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100387032","display_name":"Yucheng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7844-3202"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120015","display_name":"Nanchang Institute of Science & Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02q5y6156","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120015"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yucheng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Artificial Intelligence, Nanchang Institute of Science and Technology, Nanchang, China","Nanchang Institute of Science and Technology, Nanchang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Artificial Intelligence, Nanchang Institute of Science and Technology, Nanchang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120015"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanchang Institute of Science and Technology, Nanchang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120015"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048712226","display_name":"Ruijin Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4403-9893"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruijin Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Command and Control Engineering, Army Engineering University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Command and Control Engineering, Army Engineering University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090045545","display_name":"Shiming Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8162-9091"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shiming Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Teaching and Research Support Center, Army Engineering University, Nanjing, China","Army Engineering University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Teaching and Research Support Center, Army Engineering University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Army Engineering University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060647236","display_name":"Zhisong Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6683-699X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhisong Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Command and Control Engineering, Army Engineering University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6683-699X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Command and Control Engineering, Army Engineering University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031902655","display_name":"Jianxin Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9427-3783"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianxin Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Command and Control Engineering, Army Engineering University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9427-3783","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Command and Control Engineering, Army Engineering University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1796,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86407895,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"2","first_page":"2014","last_page":"2025"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9372000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7500377893447876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.5523081421852112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.43442171812057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.4184812903404236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3836345672607422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.15470671653747559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12653109431266785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.1008979082107544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.08237236738204956}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7500377893447876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.5523081421852112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.43442171812057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.4184812903404236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3836345672607422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.15470671653747559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12653109431266785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.1008979082107544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.08237236738204956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2024.3465559","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2024.3465559","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.49000000953674316,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4683421875","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62076251","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W229260574","https://openalex.org/W1559321207","https://openalex.org/W1572063013","https://openalex.org/W1826790618","https://openalex.org/W1895577753","https://openalex.org/W2019759670","https://openalex.org/W2062840500","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2117014758","https://openalex.org/W2133747588","https://openalex.org/W2139628333","https://openalex.org/W2147800946","https://openalex.org/W2183679353","https://openalex.org/W2184044953","https://openalex.org/W2253276617","https://openalex.org/W2327501763","https://openalex.org/W2528639018","https://openalex.org/W2530386080","https://openalex.org/W2579495707","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2756203131","https://openalex.org/W2903871660","https://openalex.org/W2904628589","https://openalex.org/W2904832339","https://openalex.org/W2919839278","https://openalex.org/W2950635152","https://openalex.org/W2965049464","https://openalex.org/W2996847713","https://openalex.org/W2997848713","https://openalex.org/W3034749137","https://openalex.org/W3035338169","https://openalex.org/W3039628929","https://openalex.org/W3119276537","https://openalex.org/W3125675327","https://openalex.org/W3126367810","https://openalex.org/W3174022889","https://openalex.org/W3174144901","https://openalex.org/W3193812480","https://openalex.org/W4249224151","https://openalex.org/W4281711047","https://openalex.org/W4283739673","https://openalex.org/W4283817628","https://openalex.org/W4285725512","https://openalex.org/W4297095251","https://openalex.org/W4309930295","https://openalex.org/W4321073685","https://openalex.org/W4380369612","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4389459353","https://openalex.org/W4389675364","https://openalex.org/W6604828220","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6679434410","https://openalex.org/W6679436768","https://openalex.org/W6746015598","https://openalex.org/W6773017188"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W4395014643"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Traffic":[0],"flow":[1,17,99],"prediction":[2],"has":[3],"emerged":[4],"as":[5],"a":[6,19,104,147,194,199,203],"critical":[7],"component":[8],"in":[9,241],"advancing":[10],"smart":[11],"cities.":[12],"Nevertheless,":[13],"precisely":[14],"forecasting":[15],"traffic":[16,32,98,225],"remains":[18],"formidable":[20],"challenge,":[21],"attributable":[22],"to":[23,63,91,171,208,243],"the":[24,38,66,74,93,112,128,178,184,188,191],"intricate":[25],"and":[26,45,68,85,122,150,156,166,173,180,202,212],"dynamic":[27,213],"spatiotemporal":[28],"interdependencies":[29],"inherent":[30,94],"within":[31,73],"data.":[33,185],"Contemporary":[34],"methodologies":[35],"often":[36],"overlook":[37],"different":[39,138],"impacts":[40],"exerted":[41],"at":[42,56,115,176,187],"each":[43,141],"timestamp":[44],"treat":[46],"temporal":[47,54,135],"correlations,":[48],"rendering":[49],"them":[50],"incapable":[51],"of":[52,130,183,190,198],"extracting":[53],"patterns":[55],"multiple":[57],"scales.":[58],"Furthermore,":[59,186],"these":[60],"approaches":[61],"fail":[62],"account":[64],"for":[65,96],"neighboring":[67,200],"functional":[69],"relationships":[70],"among":[71],"nodes":[72],"spatial":[75,157,214],"module.":[76],"In":[77],"this":[78],"work,":[79],"we":[80,109],"introduce":[81],"an":[82],"innovative":[83],"Multiscale":[84],"Gated":[86],"transFormer":[87],"(MSGFormer)":[88],"architecture,":[89],"MSGFormer,":[90],"overcome":[92],"limitations":[95],"accurate":[97],"estimation.":[100],"We":[101],"have":[102,219],"introduced":[103],"multiscale":[105],"sampling":[106],"strategy":[107],"wherein":[108],"sample":[110],"from":[111],"original":[113],"data":[114,226],"three":[116],"scales:":[117],"1)":[118],"recent;":[119],"2)":[120],"daily;":[121],"3)":[123],"weekly.":[124],"This":[125],"approach":[126],"enables":[127],"generation":[129],"corresponding":[131,170],"subsequences":[132],"that":[133,233],"encapsulate":[134],"information":[136],"across":[137],"granularities.":[139],"Subsequently,":[140],"generated":[142],"subsequence":[143],"is":[144,206],"projected":[145],"into":[146],"latent":[148],"space":[149],"systematically":[151],"combined":[152],"with":[153],"positional,":[154],"temporal,":[155],"embeddings.":[158],"The":[159,228],"positional":[160,164],"embedding":[161,165,169],"comprises":[162],"relative":[163],"time":[167],"stamp":[168],"days":[172],"weeks,":[174],"aiming":[175],"capturing":[177],"sequential":[179],"cyclical":[181],"characteristics":[182],"inception":[189],"transformer":[192],"encoder,":[193],"gated":[195],"unit,":[196],"composed":[197],"mask":[201],"functioning":[204],"mask,":[205],"employed":[207],"capture":[209],"both":[210],"static":[211],"correlations":[215],"effectively.":[216],"Comprehensive":[217],"experiments":[218],"been":[220],"conducted":[221],"on":[222],"four":[223],"real-world":[224],"sets.":[227],"experimental":[229],"results":[230],"robustly":[231],"validate":[232],"our":[234],"model":[235],"attains":[236],"significantly":[237],"higher":[238],"predictive":[239],"accuracy":[240],"comparison":[242],"other":[244],"baseline":[245],"models.":[246]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-17T09:13:05.818461","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
