{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4396506142","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2024.3395441","title":"Enhanced Specific Emitter Identification With Limited Data Through Dual Implicit Regularization","display_name":"Enhanced Specific Emitter Identification With Limited Data Through Dual Implicit Regularization","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-04-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4396506142","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2024.3395441"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2024.3395441","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2024.3395441","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102730747","display_name":"Yang Peng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1782-2492"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1782-2492","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052764930","display_name":"Xile Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6344-5707"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xile Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6344-5707","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048082803","display_name":"Lantu Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7399-8770"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lantu Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","China Research Institute of Radiowave Propagation, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7399-8770","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Research Institute of Radiowave Propagation, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041958646","display_name":"Cui Ben","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3709-6426"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cui Ben","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3709-6426","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115500957","display_name":"Yuchao Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9368-4483"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuchao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","China Research Institute of Radiowave Propagation, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Research Institute of Radiowave Propagation, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017851308","display_name":"Yu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7763-4261"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7763-4261","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100778980","display_name":"Yun Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4002-1282"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151727225","display_name":"Harbin Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x80pn82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yun Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information and Communication Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4002-1282","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information and Communication Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027367677","display_name":"Guan Gui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3888-2881"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guan Gui","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3888-2881","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.612,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93529189,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"15","first_page":"26395","last_page":"26405"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9842000007629395,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9559000134468079,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8093807697296143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regularization","display_name":"Regularization (linguistics)","score":0.7117254734039307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalizability-theory","display_name":"Generalizability theory","score":0.5636003613471985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5114278197288513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5054616928100586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoothing","display_name":"Smoothing","score":0.4515411853790283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.443445086479187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual","display_name":"Residual","score":0.4374024271965027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.4326670169830322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.42039650678634644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample-size-determination","display_name":"Sample size determination","score":0.41286417841911316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.411136269569397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.18555283546447754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10985088348388672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.09601426124572754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.09270921349525452}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8093807697296143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776135515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17143721","display_name":"Regularization (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.7117254734039307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27158222","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532422","display_name":"Generalizability theory","level":2,"score":0.5636003613471985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5114278197288513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5054616928100586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3770464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775963","display_name":"Smoothing","level":2,"score":0.4515411853790283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.443445086479187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.4374024271965027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4326670169830322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.42039650678634644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129848803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2564360","display_name":"Sample size determination","level":2,"score":0.41286417841911316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.411136269569397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.18555283546447754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10985088348388672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.09601426124572754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.09270921349525452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2024.3395441","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2024.3395441","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W153185079","https://openalex.org/W1600744878","https://openalex.org/W1917532482","https://openalex.org/W2551393996","https://openalex.org/W2782638440","https://openalex.org/W2791256362","https://openalex.org/W2891054065","https://openalex.org/W2929757916","https://openalex.org/W2938144699","https://openalex.org/W2959499969","https://openalex.org/W2964159205","https://openalex.org/W2972810968","https://openalex.org/W2981876784","https://openalex.org/W2984025449","https://openalex.org/W3006541201","https://openalex.org/W3011183233","https://openalex.org/W3016127821","https://openalex.org/W3018955550","https://openalex.org/W3033236487","https://openalex.org/W3034552520","https://openalex.org/W3083891030","https://openalex.org/W3088383832","https://openalex.org/W3089122921","https://openalex.org/W3108962068","https://openalex.org/W3126343558","https://openalex.org/W3136322890","https://openalex.org/W3170485195","https://openalex.org/W3173878340","https://openalex.org/W3181667991","https://openalex.org/W3196757423","https://openalex.org/W3205971195","https://openalex.org/W3215230729","https://openalex.org/W4205273399","https://openalex.org/W4223498028","https://openalex.org/W4283751250","https://openalex.org/W4285222140","https://openalex.org/W4285495275","https://openalex.org/W4289821916","https://openalex.org/W4315750666","https://openalex.org/W4317418671","https://openalex.org/W4320002904","https://openalex.org/W4321482415","https://openalex.org/W4321607980","https://openalex.org/W4327522867","https://openalex.org/W4385153825","https://openalex.org/W4385286711","https://openalex.org/W4387623697","https://openalex.org/W4390787945","https://openalex.org/W6809913471","https://openalex.org/W6810792994","https://openalex.org/W6839690182"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2118717649","https://openalex.org/W2413243053","https://openalex.org/W410723623","https://openalex.org/W2015341305","https://openalex.org/W2035068594","https://openalex.org/W4225593417","https://openalex.org/W2573498121","https://openalex.org/W2925692864","https://openalex.org/W4213275102","https://openalex.org/W2151138761"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Specific":[0],"Emitter":[1],"Identification":[2],"(SEI)":[3],"is":[4],"a":[5,96],"critical":[6],"technology":[7],"for":[8,82],"physical":[9],"layer":[10],"authentication":[11],"in":[12,38,65],"wireless":[13],"communications":[14],"and":[15,23,121,131,150],"the":[16,21,147,157],"Internet":[17],"of":[18,26,48],"Things.":[19],"Leveraging":[20],"inherent":[22],"hard-to-forge":[24],"characteristics":[25],"Radio":[27],"Frequency":[28],"Fingerprinting":[29],"(RFF),":[30],"SEI":[31,43,79],"has":[32],"gained":[33],"significant":[34],"attention.":[35],"Recent":[36],"advancements":[37],"deep":[39],"learning":[40],"have":[41],"propelled":[42],"methods":[44,53,153],"to":[45,102],"new":[46],"heights":[47],"identification":[49],"performance.":[50],"However,":[51],"these":[52],"are":[54],"often":[55],"constrained":[56],"by":[57,115,154],"their":[58],"reliance":[59],"on":[60,137,146,156],"large":[61],"datasets,":[62,140],"posing":[63],"challenges":[64],"real-world":[66,139],"scenarios":[67],"with":[68],"limited":[69,83,107],"samples.":[70,108],"Addressing":[71],"this":[72,74],"issue,":[73],"paper":[75],"proposes":[76],"an":[77,142],"enhanced":[78],"approach":[80],"tailored":[81],"sample":[84,129],"environments,":[85],"employing":[86],"Double":[87],"Implicit":[88,118,123],"Regularization":[89,119,124],"(DIR).":[90],"Our":[91],"proposed":[92],"method,":[93],"DIR-MRAN,":[94],"utilizes":[95],"Multi-Scale":[97],"Residual":[98],"Attention":[99],"Network":[100],"(MRAN)":[101],"extract":[103],"features":[104],"effectively":[105],"from":[106],"The":[109],"DIR":[110],"strategy":[111],"enhances":[112],"model":[113],"generalizability":[114],"incorporating":[116],"Sample-wise":[117],"(SIR)":[120],"Label-wise":[122],"(LIR),":[125],"which":[126],"respectively":[127],"facilitate":[128],"expansion":[130],"label":[132],"smoothing.":[133],"We":[134],"evaluated":[135],"DIR-MRAN":[136],"two":[138],"achieving":[141],"impressive":[143],"95.34%":[144],"accuracy":[145],"PA":[148],"dataset":[149],"outperforming":[151],"comparative":[152],"26.4%":[155],"ADS-B":[158],"dataset.":[159]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}