{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4396240830","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2024.3392574","title":"DT-Assisted VNF Migration in SDN/NVF-Enabled IoT Networks via Multiagent Deep Reinforcement Learning","display_name":"DT-Assisted VNF Migration in SDN/NVF-Enabled IoT Networks via Multiagent Deep Reinforcement Learning","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-04-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4396240830","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2024.3392574"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2024.3392574","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2024.3392574","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008134907","display_name":"Lun Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1622-2401"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lun Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Communications and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1622-2401","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communications and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060829246","display_name":"Zhixuan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3215-8905"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhixuan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Communications and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3215-8905","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communications and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039720441","display_name":"Jinyu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6736-1016"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinyu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Communications and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communications and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111232423","display_name":"Dongxu Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7762-1727"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180662265","display_name":"China Mobile (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05gftfe97","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongxu Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Network Optimization Center of China Mobile Group Chongqing Company Ltd., Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7762-1727","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Network Optimization Center of China Mobile Group Chongqing Company Ltd., Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100361300","display_name":"Li Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0309-2695"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Communications and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0309-2695","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communications and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084338675","display_name":"Qianbin Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6868-6860"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qianbin Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Communications and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6868-6860","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communications and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.5453,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95134785,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"14","first_page":"25294","last_page":"25315"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9368000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13182","display_name":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","score":0.9089999794960022,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8213694095611572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.7460711002349854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.46498391032218933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4473075270652771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.41937020421028137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.27048683166503906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.13414570689201355}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8213694095611572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.7460711002349854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.46498391032218933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4473075270652771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.41937020421028137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.27048683166503906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.13414570689201355}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2024.3392574","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2024.3392574","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.7699999809265137,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1446814006","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021YFQ0053","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336618","funder_display_name":"Science and Technology Program of Suzhou"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2677711770","display_name":"\u8fb9\u7f18\u667a\u80fd\u8ba1\u7b97\u534f\u540c\u673a\u7406\u4e0e\u667a\u80fd\u8d44\u6e90\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"62071078","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336618","display_name":"Science and Technology Program of Suzhou","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4245926026","https://openalex.org/W4311097251","https://openalex.org/W2586548817","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4306904969","https://openalex.org/W2625093826","https://openalex.org/W4391913857"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Network":[0],"function":[1,27,37],"virtualization":[2],"(NFV)":[3],"and":[4,25,41,124,131,161,185,189,203],"software-defined":[5],"networking":[6],"(SDN)":[7],"provide":[8],"high-quality":[9],"services":[10],"to":[11,68,93,110,137,152,167],"users":[12],"of":[13,16,44,76,141,213],"the":[14,102,118,174,181,186,197,211,214],"Internet":[15],"Things":[17],"(IoT).":[18],"However,":[19],"dynamic":[20],"changes":[21],"in":[22,34,52,108,165],"network":[23,36,112,155,158],"traffic":[24],"service":[26,49],"chain":[28],"(SFC)":[29],"resource":[30,96,159],"requirements":[31],"may":[32],"result":[33],"virtual":[35],"(VNF)":[38],"migration":[39,46,66,85,104,127,183,190],"issue":[40],"real-time":[42,139],"triggering":[43],"VNF":[45,65,77,103,143,182],"can":[47],"cause":[48],"delay":[50,164],"issues":[51],"SDN/NVF-enabled":[53],"IoT":[54],"networks.":[55],"In":[56,171],"this":[57,71],"article,":[58],"we":[59],"propose":[60],"a":[61,82,132],"digital":[62,74],"twin":[63,75],"(DT)-assisted":[64],"strategy":[67,105],"effectively":[69],"address":[70],"issue.":[72],"The":[73,192],"(DT-VNF)":[78],"is":[79,106,150,178],"integrated":[80],"with":[81],"multitask":[83],"DT":[84,187],"model":[86],"based":[87],"on":[88,100,117,121],"bidirectional-gated":[89],"recurrent":[90],"units":[91],"(DTMBi-GRUs)":[92],"achieve":[94],"accurate":[95],"demands":[97],"prediction.":[98],"Based":[99],"this,":[101],"formulated":[107,136,151],"advance":[109],"avoid":[111],"performance":[113],"degradation.":[114],"We":[115],"focus":[116],"post-migration":[119,142],"effects":[120],"services,":[122],"networks,":[123],"DTs,":[125],"so":[126],"plans":[128],"for":[129],"DT-VNF":[130],"reassociation":[133],"scheme":[134],"are":[135],"enable":[138],"monitoring":[140],"by":[144],"DT-VNF.":[145],"Then,":[146],"an":[147],"optimization":[148,201],"problem":[149,184],"minimize":[153],"average":[154],"energy":[156],"consumption,":[157],"differences,":[160],"SDN":[162],"synchronization":[163],"order":[166],"obtain":[168],"optimal":[169],"strategies.":[170],"addition,":[172],"considering":[173],"problem\u2019s":[175],"complexity,":[176],"it":[177],"decoupled":[179],"into":[180],"association":[188],"problem.":[191],"collaborative":[193],"solution":[194],"involves":[195],"employing":[196],"multiagent":[198],"proximal":[199],"policy":[200],"(MAPPO)":[202],"asynchronous":[204],"advantage":[205],"actor\u2013critic":[206],"(A3C).":[207],"Simulation":[208],"results":[209],"confirm":[210],"superiority":[212],"proposed":[215],"algorithms":[216],"over":[217],"baseline":[218],"algorithms.":[219]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2025-12-26T23:08:49.675405","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}