{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392450342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2024.3373461","title":"Harmonizing Transferability and Imperceptibility: A Novel Ensemble Adversarial Attack","display_name":"Harmonizing Transferability and Imperceptibility: A Novel Ensemble Adversarial Attack","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-03-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392450342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2024.3373461"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2024.3373461","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2024.3373461","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100422044","display_name":"Rui Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4117-2656"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59028903","display_name":"Ocean University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04rdtx186","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4117-2656","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080791772","display_name":"Hui Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7326-5796"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59028903","display_name":"Ocean University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04rdtx186","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7326-5796","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075336277","display_name":"Zi Kang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1863-2802"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59028903","display_name":"Ocean University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04rdtx186","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zi Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1863-2802","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085022443","display_name":"Zhengheng Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3300-1675"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59028903","display_name":"Ocean University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04rdtx186","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhengheng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3300-1675","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111140487","display_name":"Yu Du","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4099-4444"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59028903","display_name":"Ocean University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04rdtx186","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105267121","display_name":"Mingyang Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9628-3812"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59028903","display_name":"Ocean University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04rdtx186","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingyang Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9628-3812","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5972,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70632154,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"15","first_page":"25625","last_page":"25636"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9794999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9606999754905701,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transferability","display_name":"Transferability","score":0.9505424499511719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.8917485475540161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7988998889923096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretability","display_name":"Interpretability","score":0.7661371231079102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.47940370440483093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.46935802698135376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3923757076263428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.36420297622680664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.32094433903694153}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61272859","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7834031","display_name":"Transferability","level":3,"score":0.9505424499511719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.8917485475540161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7988998889923096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781067378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027399","display_name":"Interpretability","level":2,"score":0.7661371231079102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.47940370440483093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.46935802698135376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3923757076263428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.36420297622680664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.32094433903694153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140331021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1868104","display_name":"Logit","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2024.3373461","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2024.3373461","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5342570409","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62172377","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2183341477","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2549139847","https://openalex.org/W2774644650","https://openalex.org/W2896078964","https://openalex.org/W2962847335","https://openalex.org/W2962878175","https://openalex.org/W2963163009","https://openalex.org/W2963446712","https://openalex.org/W2964137095","https://openalex.org/W2969542116","https://openalex.org/W2985390828","https://openalex.org/W3034412497","https://openalex.org/W3095461782","https://openalex.org/W3118434062","https://openalex.org/W3127579051","https://openalex.org/W3138516171","https://openalex.org/W3156525504","https://openalex.org/W3171288285","https://openalex.org/W3202281277","https://openalex.org/W4214634898","https://openalex.org/W4225928697","https://openalex.org/W4226030132","https://openalex.org/W4226336228","https://openalex.org/W4288391410","https://openalex.org/W4293846201","https://openalex.org/W4294310629","https://openalex.org/W4312443924","https://openalex.org/W4312716239","https://openalex.org/W4312847199","https://openalex.org/W4313020644","https://openalex.org/W4313141826","https://openalex.org/W4364305304","https://openalex.org/W4366149126","https://openalex.org/W4382202524","https://openalex.org/W4382240138","https://openalex.org/W4382240648","https://openalex.org/W4382318428","https://openalex.org/W4384027004","https://openalex.org/W4386066653","https://openalex.org/W4386072305","https://openalex.org/W4389208975","https://openalex.org/W6684191040","https://openalex.org/W6759129252","https://openalex.org/W6768366551","https://openalex.org/W6773713311","https://openalex.org/W6780628154","https://openalex.org/W6782259796","https://openalex.org/W6787959460","https://openalex.org/W6793164127","https://openalex.org/W6838510352"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4288055406","https://openalex.org/W4200630034","https://openalex.org/W3137894200","https://openalex.org/W3092178728","https://openalex.org/W4226402597","https://openalex.org/W3132910851","https://openalex.org/W4377864639","https://openalex.org/W4392340763","https://openalex.org/W4283325551","https://openalex.org/W4403006689"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Contemporary":[0],"research":[1],"on":[2,11,40],"adversarial":[3,36,62,75,94,118],"attacks":[4,51],"in":[5,89,152,160,169],"Intelligent":[6],"Internet":[7],"of":[8,50,57,74,82,116,155],"Things":[9],"focuses":[10],"balancing":[12],"two":[13],"key":[14],"aspects:":[15],"transferability":[16,49,73,128],"and":[17,95,129,163],"imperceptibility.":[18,58,130],"However,":[19],"achieving":[20],"a":[21,54,149],"balance":[22],"between":[23,93],"these":[24,83],"aspects":[25],"can":[26],"be":[27],"challenging.":[28],"To":[29],"address":[30],"this,":[31],"we":[32],"introduce":[33],"an":[34],"ensemble":[35],"attack":[37,177],"method":[38,44,60,125],"based":[39],"model":[41],"interpretability.":[42],"This":[43],"aims":[45],"to":[46,108,137,179],"maintain":[47],"the":[48,72,80,87,99,114,117,138,153],"while":[52,173],"ensuring":[53],"high":[55],"degree":[56],"Our":[59],"generates":[61],"perturbations":[63],"by":[64,85,167],"leveraging":[65],"information":[66],"from":[67],"multiple":[68],"models,":[69],"thereby":[70],"enhancing":[71],"examples.":[76,119],"We":[77],"also":[78],"increase":[79,151],"aggressiveness":[81],"examples":[84],"accentuating":[86],"differences":[88],"class":[90,103],"activation":[91,104],"mappings":[92,105],"benign":[96],"images.":[97],"During":[98],"perturbation":[100],"optimization":[101],"process,":[102],"are":[106],"utilized":[107],"generate":[109],"more":[110],"selective":[111],"perturbations,":[112],"improving":[113],"imperceptibility":[115,182],"Experimental":[120],"results":[121],"demonstrate":[122],"that":[123],"our":[124],"effectively":[126],"balances":[127],"Specifically,":[131],"for":[132],"13":[133],"victim":[134],"classifiers,":[135],"compared":[136],"most":[139],"potent":[140],"attack,":[141],"VNIFGSM,":[142,180],"among":[143],"nine":[144],"benchmark":[145],"methods,":[146],"OUR":[147,174],"demonstrates":[148,183],"10.31%":[150],"mean":[154],"Attack":[156],"Success":[157],"Rate":[158],"(mASR)":[159],"non-targeted":[161],"attacks,":[162],"OUR\u2019s":[164],"mASR":[165],"increases":[166],"9%":[168],"targeted":[170],"attacks.":[171],"Meanwhile,":[172],"exhibits":[175],"comparable":[176],"performance":[178],"its":[181],"outstanding":[184],"performance.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}