{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391164140","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2024.3357893","title":"Hirail: Core-Agnostic Deterministic Networks for Long-Distance Time-Sensitive IIoT Applications","display_name":"Hirail: Core-Agnostic Deterministic Networks for Long-Distance Time-Sensitive IIoT Applications","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391164140","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2024.3357893"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2024.3357893","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2024.3357893","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087767046","display_name":"Tao Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3545-1122"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155350","display_name":"Purple Mountain Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/04zcbk583","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tao Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, P.R. China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052413299","display_name":"Yudong Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7178-9067"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yudong Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100400250","display_name":"Xinyuan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2141-431X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinyuan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100622109","display_name":"Shuo Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6350-6362"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155350","display_name":"Purple Mountain Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/04zcbk583","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuo Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, P.R. China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068782412","display_name":"Hongyang Du","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8220-6525"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongyang Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091266202","display_name":"Dusit Niyato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7442-7416"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dusit Niyato","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100420016","display_name":"F. Richard Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1006-7594"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fei Richard Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101690888","display_name":"Yunjie Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9312-7523"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155350","display_name":"Purple Mountain Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/04zcbk583","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunjie Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, P.R. China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5087767046"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216","https://openalex.org/I4210155350"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.4899,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9266713,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"10","first_page":"17198","last_page":"17209"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12216","display_name":"Network Time Synchronization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12216","display_name":"Network Time Synchronization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10847","display_name":"Advanced Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9732999801635742,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.870110809803009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jitter","display_name":"Jitter","score":0.7182248830795288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.5643812417984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bounded-function","display_name":"Bounded function","score":0.4952334463596344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.4894756078720093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.4859801232814789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.46900200843811035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.38226553797721863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10355985164642334}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.870110809803009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134652429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052698","display_name":"Jitter","level":2,"score":0.7182248830795288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5643812417984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34388435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2267362","display_name":"Bounded function","level":2,"score":0.4952334463596344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4894756078720093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.4859801232814789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.46900200843811035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.38226553797721863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10355985164642334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2024.3357893","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2024.3357893","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:hub.hku.hk:10722/353141","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hub.hku.hk/handle/10722/353141","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196271","display_name":"The HKU Scholars Hub (University of Hong Kong)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","host_organization_name":"University of Hong Kong","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5799999833106995,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3067006959","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"92267301","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3358112784","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62132022","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2149804187","https://openalex.org/W2465793152","https://openalex.org/W2477649184","https://openalex.org/W2489492730","https://openalex.org/W2674875920","https://openalex.org/W2757052425","https://openalex.org/W2783140604","https://openalex.org/W2886625644","https://openalex.org/W2890389408","https://openalex.org/W2908866813","https://openalex.org/W2911297108","https://openalex.org/W2919267195","https://openalex.org/W2945384854","https://openalex.org/W2993964150","https://openalex.org/W2996863786","https://openalex.org/W3009568683","https://openalex.org/W3037798974","https://openalex.org/W3088036499","https://openalex.org/W3096478460","https://openalex.org/W3098985542","https://openalex.org/W3109072516","https://openalex.org/W3113035469","https://openalex.org/W3137171904","https://openalex.org/W3137526560","https://openalex.org/W3171059008","https://openalex.org/W3172253489","https://openalex.org/W3181905135","https://openalex.org/W3183888456","https://openalex.org/W3184404612","https://openalex.org/W3187690878","https://openalex.org/W3201883217","https://openalex.org/W3204295791","https://openalex.org/W3213229766","https://openalex.org/W4206103431","https://openalex.org/W4234693819","https://openalex.org/W4244324915","https://openalex.org/W4254053820","https://openalex.org/W4283016355","https://openalex.org/W4285218144","https://openalex.org/W4362654288","https://openalex.org/W4377696093","https://openalex.org/W4386397132","https://openalex.org/W6637531101","https://openalex.org/W6781543856","https://openalex.org/W6802397104"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2121182846","https://openalex.org/W2155789024","https://openalex.org/W2315668284","https://openalex.org/W3213608175","https://openalex.org/W2109491806","https://openalex.org/W3117675750","https://openalex.org/W2141743053","https://openalex.org/W2037276323","https://openalex.org/W3095633856","https://openalex.org/W2058044441"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,25,66,85,97,115,124,133,139,150,157,172],"emergence":[2],"of":[3,24,38,69,99,118,184],"time-sensitive":[4],"IIoT":[5],"applications,":[6],"such":[7],"as":[8],"remote":[9],"operation":[10],"and":[11,59,143,175,178,186],"industrial":[12],"control,":[13],"a":[14,51,57,77,110],"long-distance":[15,70,129],"deterministic":[16,44,71],"forwarding":[17],"service":[18],"is":[19,28,50,160],"highly":[20],"desirable.":[21],"However,":[22],"most":[23],"existing":[26],"research":[27],"limited":[29],"to":[30,64,88,96,107,122,137],"local":[31],"area":[32],"networks,":[33],"or":[34],"requires":[35],"costly":[36],"replacement":[37],"core":[39,119],"network":[40,135,141],"devices.":[41,120],"Enabling":[42],"incremental":[43],"networks":[45],"based":[46,148],"on":[47,109,149],"off-the-shelf":[48],"technologies":[49],"significant":[52],"challenge.":[53],"This":[54],"paper":[55],"designs":[56],"core-agnostic":[58],"cost-effective":[60],"solution":[61],"named":[62],"Hirail":[63,169],"achieve":[65],"smooth":[67],"evolution":[68],"networks.":[72],"Firstly,":[73],"we":[74,131],"investigate":[75],"that":[76,168],"time-discrete":[78],"shaper":[79],"(TDS)":[80],"can":[81,170],"be":[82],"deployed":[83],"at":[84,156],"ingress":[86],"node":[87],"enable":[89],"millisecond-level":[90],"bounded":[91,173],"delay.":[92],"TDS":[93],"functions":[94],"similarly":[95],"concept":[98],"buying":[100],"time-stamped":[101],"tickets":[102],"for":[103,162],"each":[104],"flow":[105,125],"prior":[106],"getting":[108],"high-speed":[111],"rail,":[112],"thus":[113],"avoiding":[114],"expensive":[116],"modification":[117],"Then,":[121],"alleviate":[123],"aggregation":[126],"problem":[127],"under":[128],"links,":[130],"utilize":[132],"inband":[134],"telemetry":[136],"construct":[138],"delay-aware":[140],"map":[142],"conduct":[144],"adaptive":[145],"source":[146],"routing":[147],"map.":[151],"Finally,":[152],"an":[153],"adjustable":[154],"buffer":[155],"last":[158],"hop":[159],"devised":[161],"jitter":[163,176],"reduction.":[164],"Evaluation":[165],"results":[166],"show":[167],"meet":[171],"delay":[174],"demands,":[177],"outperforms":[179],"other":[180],"solutions":[181],"in":[182],"terms":[183],"performance":[185],"overhead.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
