{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388101271","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3328356","title":"SDN-QLTR: <i>Q</i>-Learning-Assisted Trust Routing Scheme for SDN-Based Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks","display_name":"SDN-QLTR: <i>Q</i>-Learning-Assisted Trust Routing Scheme for SDN-Based Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388101271","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3328356"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2023.3328356","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3328356","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065666173","display_name":"Feiyan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2853-7091"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feiyan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Internet of Things Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Internet of Things Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070719868","display_name":"Guangjie Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6921-7369"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guangjie Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Internet of Things Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6921-7369","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Internet of Things Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021774607","display_name":"Chuan Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6811-3851"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9224756","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/03awzbc87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuan Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Software College, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6811-3851","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software College, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100690861","display_name":"Fan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5563-7688"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Internet of Things Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5563-7688","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Internet of Things Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055168329","display_name":"Chen Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6783-9631"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I927504317","display_name":"Nanchang Hangkong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0369pvp92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I927504317"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Internet of Things Engineering Department, Software School of Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internet of Things Engineering Department, Software School of Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I927504317"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.8598,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93618096,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"6","first_page":"10682","last_page":"10694"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7342313528060913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underwater","display_name":"Underwater","score":0.6542924642562866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustic-sensor","display_name":"Acoustic sensor","score":0.6467992663383484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.6422760486602783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.5723731517791748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5697806477546692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underwater-acoustic-communication","display_name":"Underwater acoustic communication","score":0.5161494016647339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.10226809978485107}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7342313528060913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98083399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3246517","display_name":"Underwater","level":2,"score":0.6542924642562866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986501211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustic sensor","level":2,"score":0.6467992663383484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6422760486602783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.5723731517791748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5697806477546692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169111936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424098","display_name":"Underwater acoustic communication","level":3,"score":0.5161494016647339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.10226809978485107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2023.3328356","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3328356","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965198513","https://openalex.org/W2104261215","https://openalex.org/W2130509337","https://openalex.org/W2156598119","https://openalex.org/W2161080764","https://openalex.org/W2166966144","https://openalex.org/W2342433611","https://openalex.org/W2620303912","https://openalex.org/W2776324314","https://openalex.org/W2911471242","https://openalex.org/W2964990514","https://openalex.org/W2965700949","https://openalex.org/W2971438806","https://openalex.org/W2971894738","https://openalex.org/W2994779073","https://openalex.org/W3020261978","https://openalex.org/W3020404131","https://openalex.org/W3033632831","https://openalex.org/W3035580709","https://openalex.org/W3081620139","https://openalex.org/W3090958859","https://openalex.org/W3094449145","https://openalex.org/W3096125315","https://openalex.org/W3099350657","https://openalex.org/W3104684144","https://openalex.org/W3109695158","https://openalex.org/W3112635774","https://openalex.org/W3115195122","https://openalex.org/W3119522512","https://openalex.org/W3119915333","https://openalex.org/W3128288172","https://openalex.org/W3128965135","https://openalex.org/W3130024833","https://openalex.org/W3146500067","https://openalex.org/W3155031619","https://openalex.org/W3170612885","https://openalex.org/W3196738994","https://openalex.org/W3202385909","https://openalex.org/W3215554746","https://openalex.org/W4205207972","https://openalex.org/W4224881953","https://openalex.org/W4225912387","https://openalex.org/W4226089170"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3081304190","https://openalex.org/W2477841276","https://openalex.org/W46613192","https://openalex.org/W4225540233","https://openalex.org/W2185568765","https://openalex.org/W2353494610","https://openalex.org/W4285703999","https://openalex.org/W2556643280","https://openalex.org/W1989468614","https://openalex.org/W2091581981"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,67],"underwater":[1,7,10,30,34,51,65,121],"acoustic":[2],"sensor":[3,35],"networks":[4],"(UASNs),":[5],"the":[6,24,33,44,64,72,88,146],"sensors":[8],"perform":[9],"data":[11,16,40,61,122],"collection":[12,17],"tasks,":[13],"such":[14,37],"as":[15,38],"and":[18,59,78,150,174],"transmission":[19],"at":[20],"different":[21],"locations":[22],"in":[23,126,141,158,170],"monitoring":[25],"area.":[26],"To":[27],"support":[28],"cooperative":[29,39],"missions":[31],"among":[32,63],"nodes,":[36],"delivery,":[41],"one":[42],"of":[43,74,148],"challenges":[45],"is":[46,106],"how":[47],"to":[48,112,134],"design":[49],"smart":[50],"routing":[52,100,117],"protocols":[53],"that":[54,166],"can":[55,154],"guarantee":[56],"safe,":[57],"reliable,":[58],"energy-efficient":[60],"transfer":[62],"sensors.":[66],"this":[68],"article,":[69],"we":[70],"introduce":[71],"paradigm":[73],"software-defined":[75],"networking":[76],"(SDN)":[77],"propose":[79],"an":[80],"SDN-based":[81,103],"network":[82,90,171],"framework":[83],"for":[84,102,114,119],"UASNs.":[85,142],"Based":[86],"on":[87],"proposed":[89,109],"framework,":[91],"a":[92,115],"<inline-formula":[93],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[94],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[95],"<tex-math":[96],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$Q$":[97],"</tex-math></inline-formula>-learning-assisted":[98],"trust":[99,129],"scheme":[101],"UASNs":[104,159],"(SDN-QLTR)":[105],"proposed.":[107],"The":[108],"SDN-QLTR":[110,144,167],"aims":[111],"seek":[113],"secure":[116],"path":[118],"executing":[120],"transmission.":[123],"Note":[124],"that,":[125],"SDN-QLTR,":[127],"effective":[128],"evaluation":[130],"methods":[131],"are":[132],"designed":[133],"resist":[135],"malicious":[136],"attacks":[137],"initiated":[138],"by":[139],"nodes":[140],"And":[143],"integrates":[145],"advantages":[147],"SDN":[149],"reinforcement":[151],"learning":[152],"algorithm,":[153],"be":[155],"flexibly":[156],"applied":[157],"with":[160],"dynamic":[161],"features.":[162],"Simulation":[163],"results":[164],"show":[165],"performs":[168],"better":[169],"lifetime,":[172],"latency,":[173],"reliability.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-06-12T08:23:45.883708","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}