{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385975805","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3306434","title":"Neural-Network-Based Blockage Prediction and Optimization in Lightwave Power-Transfer-Enabled Hybrid VLC/RF Systems","display_name":"Neural-Network-Based Blockage Prediction and Optimization in Lightwave Power-Transfer-Enabled Hybrid VLC/RF Systems","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-08-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385975805","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3306434"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2023.3306434","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3306434","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083618480","display_name":"Kapila W. S. Palitharathna","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3318-2125"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192365124","display_name":"Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00fhk4582","country_code":"LK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192365124"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152933","display_name":"Sri Lanka Technological Campus","ror":"https://ror.org/02d4te065","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387152933"]}],"countries":["LK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kapila W. S. Palitharathna","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Telecommunication Research, School of Engineering, Sri Lanka Technological Campus, Padukka, Sri Lanka"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3318-2125","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Telecommunication Research, School of Engineering, Sri Lanka Technological Campus, Padukka, Sri Lanka","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192365124","https://openalex.org/I4387152933"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008700987","display_name":"Himal A. Suraweera","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4743-7528"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111199411","display_name":"University of Peradeniya","ror":"https://ror.org/025h79t26","country_code":"LK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111199411"]}],"countries":["LK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Himal A. Suraweera","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4743-7528","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111199411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088546755","display_name":"Roshan Godaliyadda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3495-481X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111199411","display_name":"University of Peradeniya","ror":"https://ror.org/025h79t26","country_code":"LK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111199411"]}],"countries":["LK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roshan I. Godaliyadda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3495-481X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111199411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022267671","display_name":"Vijitha Herath","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2094-0716"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111199411","display_name":"University of Peradeniya","ror":"https://ror.org/025h79t26","country_code":"LK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111199411"]}],"countries":["LK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vijitha R. Herath","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2094-0716","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111199411"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002904166","display_name":"Zhiguo Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5280-384X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiguo Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5280-384X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083618480"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192365124","https://openalex.org/I4387152933"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1718,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8789841,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"3","first_page":"5237","last_page":"5248"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.8724490404129028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.7829455733299255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visible-light-communication","display_name":"Visible light communication","score":0.7636202573776245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7385604381561279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-power-transfer-theorem","display_name":"Maximum power transfer theorem","score":0.5203949213027954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.5010817050933838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency","display_name":"Radio frequency","score":0.4992508888244629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.44664108753204346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4233981966972351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.41726359724998474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.26998865604400635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2107318937778473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.18702420592308044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16604545712471008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.12530863285064697}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.8724490404129028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.7829455733299255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160487672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1426313","display_name":"Visible light communication","level":3,"score":0.7636202573776245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7385604381561279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186554","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17103352","display_name":"Maximum power transfer theorem","level":3,"score":0.5203949213027954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.5010817050933838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.4992508888244629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.44664108753204346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4233981966972351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.41726359724998474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.26998865604400635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2107318937778473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.18702420592308044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16604545712471008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.12530863285064697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176666156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25504","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2023.3306434","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3306434","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6700000166893005}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1484844138","https://openalex.org/W2046004663","https://openalex.org/W2146680430","https://openalex.org/W2149690045","https://openalex.org/W2604605071","https://openalex.org/W2619775665","https://openalex.org/W2755941625","https://openalex.org/W2783973132","https://openalex.org/W2792445486","https://openalex.org/W2796880816","https://openalex.org/W2916545505","https://openalex.org/W2945043123","https://openalex.org/W2945774968","https://openalex.org/W2951617530","https://openalex.org/W2963336322","https://openalex.org/W2963890869","https://openalex.org/W2964044470","https://openalex.org/W2968928935","https://openalex.org/W2969253642","https://openalex.org/W2972686168","https://openalex.org/W2981418546","https://openalex.org/W3003521934","https://openalex.org/W3004155931","https://openalex.org/W3043149803","https://openalex.org/W3082274055","https://openalex.org/W3084127698","https://openalex.org/W3098182061","https://openalex.org/W3101674493","https://openalex.org/W3102245027","https://openalex.org/W3117886738","https://openalex.org/W3119060110","https://openalex.org/W3126351335","https://openalex.org/W3132432827","https://openalex.org/W3153123266","https://openalex.org/W3157968300","https://openalex.org/W3162882152","https://openalex.org/W3177140883","https://openalex.org/W3200892586","https://openalex.org/W3213825097","https://openalex.org/W3216905586","https://openalex.org/W4226278557","https://openalex.org/W4293058078"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2501797479","https://openalex.org/W2997630107","https://openalex.org/W3109516991","https://openalex.org/W2291056487","https://openalex.org/W2395898055","https://openalex.org/W2779101090","https://openalex.org/W2289948051","https://openalex.org/W3081944688","https://openalex.org/W3096625689","https://openalex.org/W2885146311"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,20,58],"this":[1,21],"article,":[2],"we":[3],"consider":[4,79],"a":[5,31,120,149],"simultaneous":[6],"lightwave":[7,36,47],"information":[8,39],"and":[9,33,38,49,107,116,137,143],"power":[10,37],"transfer-enabled":[11],"indoor":[12,70],"visible":[13],"light/radio":[14],"frequency":[15],"(RF)":[16],"hybrid":[17],"communication":[18,54],"system.":[19,88],"system,":[22],"several":[23],"luminaries":[24],"are":[25,67],"mounted":[26],"on":[27],"the":[28,63,96,112,134,140,167,176],"ceiling":[29],"of":[30,65,132,169,178],"room":[32],"sensors":[34],"receive":[35],"from":[40,46],"luminaries.":[41],"Each":[42],"sensor":[43],"harvests":[44],"energy":[45],"signals":[48],"uses":[50],"them":[51],"for":[52,180],"uplink":[53,97,102,151,181],"using":[55],"RF":[56],"signals.":[57],"general,":[59],"blockages":[60,80,136,170],"due":[61,81],"to":[62,82,94,148,156,163,185],"movement":[64],"humans":[66],"common":[68],"in":[69,74,86,183],"systems":[71],"which":[72],"results":[73,182],"severe":[75],"performance":[76],"degradation.":[77],"We":[78],"such":[83],"human":[84,135],"movements":[85],"our":[87],"An":[89],"optimization":[90],"problem":[91],"is":[92,126,130,160,171],"formulated":[93],"maximize":[95],"weighted":[98],"sum":[99,152,187],"rate":[100,158,188],"considering":[101],"orthogonal":[103],"multiple":[104],"access":[105],"(OMA)":[106],"non-OMA":[108],"cases.":[109],"To":[110],"find":[111],"optimal":[113],"beamforming":[114,141,165],"matrix":[115],"time":[117,144],"allocation":[118,145],"parameters,":[119],"lightweight":[121],"artificial":[122],"neural":[123],"network":[124],"architecture":[125],"proposed.":[127],"Our":[128],"solution":[129],"capable":[131],"predicting":[133],"accordingly":[138],"optimizing":[139],"matrices":[142],"parameters":[146],"leading":[147],"near-optimal":[150],"rate.":[153],"Specifically,":[154],"up":[155,184],"30%":[157],"improvement":[159],"observed":[161],"compared":[162],"zero-forcing":[164],"when":[166],"number":[168],"more":[172],"than":[173],"five.":[174],"Further,":[175],"use":[177],"NOMA":[179],"25%":[186],"improvement.":[189]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}