{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385975891","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3306375","title":"Secure and Multistep Computation Offloading and Resource Allocation in Ultradense Multitask NOMA-Enabled IoT Networks","display_name":"Secure and Multistep Computation Offloading and Resource Allocation in Ultradense Multitask NOMA-Enabled IoT Networks","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-08-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385975891","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3306375"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2023.3306375","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3306375","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020472754","display_name":"Tianqing Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3176-0358"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13985625","display_name":"East China Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2f1m38","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13985625"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianqing Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3176-0358","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13985625"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101712831","display_name":"Yanyan Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7521-5800"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13985625","display_name":"East China Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2f1m38","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13985625"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanyan Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7521-5800","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13985625"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087960537","display_name":"Dong Qin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9210-9067"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649914","display_name":"Nanchang University","ror":"https://ror.org/042v6xz23","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dong Qin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9210-9067","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063814809","display_name":"Xuefang Nie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5657-7445"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13985625","display_name":"East China Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2f1m38","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13985625"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuefang Nie","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5657-7445","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13985625"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008181744","display_name":"Nan Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1712-1872"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13985625","display_name":"East China Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2f1m38","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13985625"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nan Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1712-1872","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13985625"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083864182","display_name":"Chunguo Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4689-7226"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunguo Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4689-7226","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9744,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8657096,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"3","first_page":"5347","last_page":"5361"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11932","display_name":"Wireless Body Area Networks","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8785274028778076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation-offloading","display_name":"Computation offloading","score":0.7464243173599243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.4941747486591339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.4854505658149719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.4767252504825592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.45136499404907227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4168643355369568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-allocation","display_name":"Resource allocation","score":0.41524988412857056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.32815635204315186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2363528609275818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-computing","display_name":"Edge computing","score":0.20446893572807312}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8785274028778076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781041963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18348618","display_name":"Computation offloading","level":4,"score":0.7464243173599243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.4941747486591339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.4854505658149719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.4767252504825592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.45136499404907227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4168643355369568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29202148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287260","display_name":"Resource allocation","level":2,"score":0.41524988412857056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.32815635204315186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2363528609275818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.20446893572807312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2023.3306375","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3306375","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6499999761581421,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1511529283","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20212BAB212001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322665","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2037639865","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20232BAB20201","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322665","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G222540349","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20212BAB202004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322665","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2258305818","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20232ACB212005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322665","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G356719785","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62261020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3569673289","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20224BAB202001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322665","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5111677810","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u7c92\u5b50\u6ee4\u6ce2\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u540c\u6b65\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e0e\u5730\u56fe\u6784\u5efa\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61963017","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5441692503","display_name":"\u9762\u5411\u667a\u80fd\u8f66\u8def\u534f\u540c\u7684\u8d85\u5bc6\u96c6\u5f02\u6784\u4e91\u96fe\u7f51\u7edc\u8d44\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61961020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7086620112","display_name":"\u9762\u5411\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u591a\u5c42\u8026\u5408\u7f51\u7edc\u6f14\u5316\u6a21\u578b\u4e0e\u65f6\u7a7a\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u884c\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"62062034","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7286559263","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62001201","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7900524298","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62171119","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322665","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1874304172","https://openalex.org/W2290883490","https://openalex.org/W2794247248","https://openalex.org/W2809526465","https://openalex.org/W2896883851","https://openalex.org/W2897066997","https://openalex.org/W2920904484","https://openalex.org/W2945397185","https://openalex.org/W2953625596","https://openalex.org/W2977989413","https://openalex.org/W2982531427","https://openalex.org/W2991268436","https://openalex.org/W3005759659","https://openalex.org/W3011299664","https://openalex.org/W3011970635","https://openalex.org/W3013294681","https://openalex.org/W3014364938","https://openalex.org/W3026942554","https://openalex.org/W3028086768","https://openalex.org/W3082989441","https://openalex.org/W3088316394","https://openalex.org/W3095411654","https://openalex.org/W3097472721","https://openalex.org/W3101237615","https://openalex.org/W3132681803","https://openalex.org/W3151040466","https://openalex.org/W3189282726","https://openalex.org/W3200600175","https://openalex.org/W3203418782","https://openalex.org/W3217164309","https://openalex.org/W4200635135","https://openalex.org/W4205812117","https://openalex.org/W4206272873","https://openalex.org/W4213075138","https://openalex.org/W4226389784","https://openalex.org/W4285126844","https://openalex.org/W4285254773","https://openalex.org/W4295934714"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4244478748","https://openalex.org/W4223488648","https://openalex.org/W2134969820","https://openalex.org/W2251605416","https://openalex.org/W2560439919","https://openalex.org/W3100628847","https://openalex.org/W4391129181","https://openalex.org/W2545824446","https://openalex.org/W2187503597","https://openalex.org/W2124130287"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Ultradense":[0],"networks":[1],"are":[2,45,93,166],"widely":[3],"regarded":[4],"as":[5],"a":[6,57,130],"promising":[7],"solution":[8],"to":[9,27,55,113,139],"explosively":[10],"growing":[11],"applications":[12],"of":[13,15,59,69,75,190],"Internet":[14],"Things":[16],"(IoT)":[17],"mobile":[18],"devices":[19],"(IMDs).":[20],"However,":[21],"complicated":[22],"and":[23,42,61,72,77,90,118,163,192],"severe":[24],"interferences":[25],"need":[26],"be":[28,136],"tackled":[29],"properly":[30],"in":[31,53,129,168],"such":[32],"networks.":[33],"To":[34,144],"this":[35,157],"end,":[36],"both":[37],"orthogonal":[38],"multiple":[39],"access":[40],"(OMA)":[41],"non-OMA":[43],"(NOMA)":[44],"considered":[46],"under":[47,65,186],"base":[48],"station":[49],"(BS)":[50],"clustering.":[51],"Then,":[52],"order":[54],"attain":[56],"goal":[58],"green":[60],"secure":[62],"computation":[63,70,91,109,121,161],"offloading,":[64],"the":[66,73,97,115,124,159,174],"proportional":[67],"allocation":[68],"resources,":[71],"constraints":[74,189],"latency":[76,191],"security":[78,85,193],"cost,":[79],"joint":[80],"device":[81],"association,":[82],"channel":[83],"selection,":[84],"service":[86],"assignment,":[87],"power":[88],"control,":[89],"offloading":[92,110],"performed":[94],"for":[95,156],"minimizing":[96],"overall":[98],"energy":[99,180],"consumed":[100],"by":[101],"all":[102],"IMDs.":[103],"It":[104],"is":[105,111,128,153],"noteworthy":[106],"that":[107,173],"multistep":[108],"concentrated":[112],"balance":[114],"network":[116],"loads":[117],"fully":[119],"utilize":[120],"resources.":[122],"Since":[123],"finally":[125],"formulated":[126],"problem":[127],"nonlinear":[131],"mixed-integer":[132],"form,":[133],"it":[134],"may":[135,177],"very":[137],"difficult":[138],"find":[140],"its":[141],"closed-form":[142],"solution.":[143],"solve":[145],"it,":[146],"an":[147],"improved":[148],"whale":[149],"optimization":[150],"algorithm":[151,176],"(IWOA)":[152],"designed.":[154],"As":[155],"algorithm,":[158],"convergence,":[160],"complexity,":[162],"parallel":[164],"implementation":[165],"analyzed":[167],"detail.":[169],"Simulation":[170],"results":[171],"show":[172],"designed":[175],"achieve":[178],"lower":[179],"consumption":[181],"than":[182],"other":[183],"existing":[184],"algorithms":[185],"strictly":[187],"satisfying":[188],"cost.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}