{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385062350","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3297210","title":"A Lightweight Malware Traffic Classification Method Based on a Broad Learning Architecture","display_name":"A Lightweight Malware Traffic Classification Method Based on a Broad Learning Architecture","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385062350","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3297210"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2023.3297210","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3297210","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100381197","display_name":"Yibin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6988-7592"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yibin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6988-7592","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027367677","display_name":"Guan Gui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3888-2881"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guan Gui","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3888-2881","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080122431","display_name":"Shiwen Mao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7052-0007"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82497590","display_name":"Auburn University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v80fc35","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82497590"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shiwen Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7052-0007","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82497590"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.3339,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92780088,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"23","first_page":"21131","last_page":"21132"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12676","display_name":"Machine Learning and ELM","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8582837581634521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics-processing-unit","display_name":"Graphics processing unit","score":0.6778731346130371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.6560798287391663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malware","display_name":"Malware","score":0.6355456709861755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.4745144248008728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.46748775243759155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics","display_name":"Graphics","score":0.4554159641265869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4459821581840515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3695714771747589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.20607775449752808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.144776850938797}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8582837581634521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779851693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183484","display_name":"Graphics processing unit","level":2,"score":0.6778731346130371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6560798287391663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541664917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14001","display_name":"Malware","level":2,"score":0.6355456709861755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.4745144248008728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.46748775243759155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21442007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027879","display_name":"Graphics","level":2,"score":0.4554159641265869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4459821581840515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3695714771747589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.20607775449752808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.144776850938797}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2023.3297210","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3297210","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.44999998807907104,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8088800922","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"22KJA510002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2606697812","https://openalex.org/W2738226240","https://openalex.org/W4206739656","https://openalex.org/W4285818748"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2097492617","https://openalex.org/W2753240997","https://openalex.org/W1764168690","https://openalex.org/W2537959205","https://openalex.org/W2740895074","https://openalex.org/W2772446090","https://openalex.org/W4284893819","https://openalex.org/W3152891574","https://openalex.org/W4316881845","https://openalex.org/W2220968517"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Malware":[0],"traffic":[1],"classification":[2],"(MTC)":[3],"plays":[4],"an":[5,96],"important":[6],"role":[7],"for":[8],"securing":[9],"the":[10,32,39,79,89],"Internet":[11],"of":[12],"Things":[13],"(IoT).":[14],"Many":[15],"machine":[16],"learning":[17,21,53],"(ML)":[18],"and":[19,62,70],"deep":[20],"(DL)-based":[22],"MTC":[23,55],"methods":[24],"have":[25],"been":[26],"proposed":[27,80],"in":[28,99],"recent":[29],"years.":[30],"However,":[31],"former":[33],"still":[34],"requires":[35],"human":[36],"intervention,":[37],"while":[38],"latter":[40],"incurs":[41],"considerable":[42],"computation":[43,100],"overheads.":[44],"To":[45],"address":[46],"these":[47],"problems,":[48],"we":[49],"propose":[50],"a":[51,60],"broad":[52],"(BL)-aided":[54],"method":[56,82],"(BL-MTC),":[57],"which":[58],"is":[59],"lightweight":[61],"graphics":[63],"processing":[64],"unit-free":[65],"solution":[66],"with":[67],"good":[68],"performance":[69],"extremely":[71],"low":[72],"cost.":[73],"The":[74],"simulation":[75],"results":[76,87],"show":[77],"that":[78],"BL-MTC":[81],"not":[83],"only":[84],"achieves":[85],"superior":[86],"on":[88],"USTC-TFC2016":[90],"data":[91],"set":[92],"but":[93],"also":[94],"exhibits":[95],"exponential":[97],"advantage":[98],"overhead.":[101]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
