{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4384284075","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3295499","title":"Blockchain-Based Decentralized Learning for Security in Digital Twins","display_name":"Blockchain-Based Decentralized Learning for Security in Digital Twins","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4384284075","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3295499"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2023.3295499","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3295499","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108044017","display_name":"Zhihan Lv","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2525-3074"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123387679","display_name":"Uppsala University","ror":"https://ror.org/048a87296","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123387679"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhihan Lv","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Arts, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2525-3074","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Arts, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123387679"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010605693","display_name":"Chen Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2206-1384"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Second Monitoring and Application Center, CEA, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2206-1384","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Second Monitoring and Application Center, CEA, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023204809","display_name":"Haibin Lv","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1059-4765"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1331374319","display_name":"National Bureau of Statistics of China","ror":"https://ror.org/008zm7t63","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1331374319","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I211433327","display_name":"Ministry of Natural Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/02kxqx159","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haibin Lv","raw_affiliation_strings":["North China Sea Offshore Engineering Survey Institute, Ministry of Natural Resources North Sea Bureau, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1059-4765","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"North China Sea Offshore Engineering Survey Institute, Ministry of Natural Resources North Sea Bureau, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331374319","https://openalex.org/I211433327"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.8032,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98816382,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"24","first_page":"21479","last_page":"21488"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9894999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9894999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9883999824523926,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9825000166893005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.787193775177002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.7412180304527283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.470441997051239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3646112084388733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.34661537408828735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.32073530554771423}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.787193775177002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.7412180304527283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.470441997051239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3646112084388733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.34661537408828735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.32073530554771423}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2023.3295499","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3295499","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2324360419","https://openalex.org/W2606656271","https://openalex.org/W2613901841","https://openalex.org/W2887360592","https://openalex.org/W2910096450","https://openalex.org/W2957180976","https://openalex.org/W2972160586","https://openalex.org/W2981174158","https://openalex.org/W2989925413","https://openalex.org/W3014777329","https://openalex.org/W3022522270","https://openalex.org/W3038926533","https://openalex.org/W3040008180","https://openalex.org/W3048339221","https://openalex.org/W3048448986","https://openalex.org/W3058760796","https://openalex.org/W3087463235","https://openalex.org/W3088396143","https://openalex.org/W3092022074","https://openalex.org/W3093268729","https://openalex.org/W3105281963","https://openalex.org/W3107689351","https://openalex.org/W3118910190","https://openalex.org/W3129254793","https://openalex.org/W3131377771","https://openalex.org/W3132404826","https://openalex.org/W3136881915","https://openalex.org/W3138198612","https://openalex.org/W3138754730","https://openalex.org/W3156969875","https://openalex.org/W3161791988","https://openalex.org/W3168047084","https://openalex.org/W3176364684","https://openalex.org/W4200080148","https://openalex.org/W4200489343","https://openalex.org/W4210869528","https://openalex.org/W4283656236","https://openalex.org/W4322631778","https://openalex.org/W4362563552","https://openalex.org/W4365504981","https://openalex.org/W4378715909","https://openalex.org/W6795194718"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210406818","https://openalex.org/W4306779889","https://openalex.org/W4386732777","https://openalex.org/W3211706803","https://openalex.org/W4382775358","https://openalex.org/W4246942721","https://openalex.org/W3209862047","https://openalex.org/W4304136894","https://openalex.org/W2989851257","https://openalex.org/W2799059781"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,58,158,296],"work":[1,104,297],"aims":[2],"to":[3,12,48,116,144,181,211,227,246],"analyze":[4,49],"malicious":[5,51],"communication":[6],"behaviors":[7],"that":[8,54,212],"pose":[9],"a":[10,73,106,146,233,254],"threat":[11],"the":[13,37,44,50,61,118,126,129,163,185,190,193,199,214,220,229,238,248,262,266,269,283,290,304,307,311,314,329],"security":[14,119,293,305],"of":[15,41,63,122,128,131,196,203,213,222,240,265,285,294,299,306,313],"digital":[16,135,315],"twins":[17],"(DTs)":[18],"and":[19,25,87,97,120,156,205,216,292,309,325],"safeguard":[20],"user":[21],"privacy.":[22],"A":[23],"unified":[24],"integrated":[26],"multidimensional":[27],"DTs":[28],"Network":[29],"(DTN)":[30],"architecture":[31,112],"is":[32,46,72,82,142,209,298],"constructed.":[33],"On":[34],"this":[35,103,174],"basis,":[36],"propagation":[38,52],"process":[39],"model":[40,59,164],"malware":[42],"in":[43,328],"network":[45,56,94],"built":[47],"behavior":[53],"threatens":[55],"security.":[57,69],"ensures":[60],"protection":[62,76,124],"mobile":[64],"distributed":[65,74,108,326],"machine":[66],"learning":[67,141,148,151,168,184,327],"system":[68],"Blockchain":[70],"technology":[71,169,206],"data":[75,95,109,123,207],"mechanism":[77],"with":[78,125,282],"broad":[79,147],"prospects.":[80],"It":[81],"characterized":[83],"by":[84,274],"decentralization,":[85],"transparency,":[86],"anonymity,":[88],"which":[89],"can":[90,280,319],"help":[91],"ensure":[92],"secure":[93,107],"sharing":[96,110],"privacy":[98,291],"protection.":[99],"Based":[100],"on":[101,114,139,198],"this,":[102],"designs":[105],"(DDS)":[111],"based":[113,138],"blockchain":[115,155,324],"improve":[117],"reliability":[121],"support":[127],"Internet":[130],"Things":[132],"(IoT).":[133],"Then,":[134],"resource":[136],"allocation":[137],"semi-distributed":[140],"examined":[143],"propose":[145],"federated":[149,270],"continuous":[150],"(BL-FCL)":[152],"algorithm":[153,159],"combining":[154],"DTs.":[157],"significantly":[160],"speeds":[161],"up":[162],"training":[165,287],"process.":[166],"Broad":[167],"supports":[170],"incremental":[171],"learning.":[172],"In":[173,189],"way,":[175],"each":[176],"client":[177],"does":[178],"not":[179],"need":[180],"retrain":[182],"when":[183],"newly":[186],"generated":[187],"data.":[188],"experimental":[191],"part,":[192],"prediction":[194,263],"accuracy":[195,264],"BL-FCL":[197,267,277],"mixed":[200],"national":[201],"institute":[202],"standards":[204],"set":[208],"similar":[210],"FedAvg-50":[215],"FedAvg-80":[217],"schemes.":[218],"As":[219],"number":[221,239],"devices":[223,241],"increases":[224,243],"from":[225,244],"1":[226],"6,":[228],"detection":[230,249],"probability":[231,250],"exhibits":[232],"rapid":[234],"decrease.":[235],"However,":[236],"as":[237],"further":[242],"6":[245],"10,":[247],"gradually":[251],"decreases":[252],"at":[253],"slower":[255],"rate":[256],"until":[257],"it":[258],"reaches":[259],"0.":[260],"Comparatively,":[261],"outperforms":[268],"averaging":[271],"algorithm-based":[272],"scheme":[273],"20%\u201360%.":[275],"The":[276,317],"reported":[278],"here":[279],"deal":[281],"problem":[284],"inaccurate":[286],"while":[288],"ensuring":[289,303],"users.":[295],"great":[300],"significance":[301],"for":[302,322],"DTN":[308],"promoting":[310],"development":[312],"economy.":[316],"results":[318],"provide":[320],"references":[321],"applying":[323],"DT":[330],"field.":[331]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
