{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4383503644","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3293008","title":"Achieving Energy-Efficient Massive URLLC Over Cell-Free Massive MIMO","display_name":"Achieving Energy-Efficient Massive URLLC Over Cell-Free Massive MIMO","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4383503644","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3293008"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2023.3293008","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3293008","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089665338","display_name":"Jie Zeng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4486-5041"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Zeng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Communication and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","School of Cyberspace Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4486-5041","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communication and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyberspace Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037201519","display_name":"Teng Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6924-042X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Teng Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Communication and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6924-042X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communication and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101891694","display_name":"Yuxin Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7082-0923"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuxin Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Communication and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communication and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100667724","display_name":"Yi Zhong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9309-3407"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Zhong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9309-3407","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086282554","display_name":"Tiejun Lv","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4127-2419"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tiejun Lv","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4127-2419","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059270582","display_name":"Shidong Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3307-0067"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shidong Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3307-0067","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.8088,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":41,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94912609,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"2","first_page":"2198","last_page":"2210"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10207","display_name":"Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10207","display_name":"Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10472","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and devices","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7068761587142944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.6936821341514587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.4199784994125366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3236948847770691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.1045306921005249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.08946338295936584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.0767444372177124}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7068761587142944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.6936821341514587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.4199784994125366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3236948847770691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1045306921005249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.08946338295936584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0767444372177124}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2023.3293008","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3293008","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8999999761581421}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2767333021","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62001264","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2973709634","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"L222046","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5003439219","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62271068","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327514","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology Research Fund Program for Young Scholars","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W595252221","https://openalex.org/W1699531664","https://openalex.org/W2005718371","https://openalex.org/W2024267771","https://openalex.org/W2039593782","https://openalex.org/W2068113155","https://openalex.org/W2106864314","https://openalex.org/W2262889796","https://openalex.org/W2286275639","https://openalex.org/W2492051176","https://openalex.org/W2508437433","https://openalex.org/W2555737044","https://openalex.org/W2593893328","https://openalex.org/W2728740320","https://openalex.org/W2734523996","https://openalex.org/W2768896494","https://openalex.org/W2778009726","https://openalex.org/W2796123563","https://openalex.org/W2796181329","https://openalex.org/W2892483155","https://openalex.org/W2896163024","https://openalex.org/W2911728646","https://openalex.org/W2916830456","https://openalex.org/W2924164423","https://openalex.org/W2962993622","https://openalex.org/W2963302028","https://openalex.org/W2963599038","https://openalex.org/W2964042011","https://openalex.org/W2978413682","https://openalex.org/W2981096252","https://openalex.org/W3002159761","https://openalex.org/W3007483350","https://openalex.org/W3015801342","https://openalex.org/W3083033939","https://openalex.org/W3088658580","https://openalex.org/W3089283090","https://openalex.org/W3098347096","https://openalex.org/W3098583391","https://openalex.org/W3099874786","https://openalex.org/W3101927978","https://openalex.org/W3102809470","https://openalex.org/W3123021807","https://openalex.org/W3135089279","https://openalex.org/W3156021749","https://openalex.org/W3193488716","https://openalex.org/W3204496228","https://openalex.org/W3209298344","https://openalex.org/W4317553693","https://openalex.org/W4320005495"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Achieving":[0],"energy-efficient":[1],"massive":[2,57,122,166,196],"ultrareliable":[3],"and":[4,34,37,40,46,68,87,105,132,157,173,208],"low-latency":[5],"communications":[6],"(E2-mURLLC)":[7],"is":[8,95,113,188],"a":[9,27,55,136,151,164,176],"promising":[10,189],"application":[11],"prospect":[12],"for":[13],"sixth-generation":[14],"(6G)":[15],"mobile":[16],"communication":[17],"networks.":[18],"However,":[19],"there":[20],"are":[21],"some":[22,192],"insurmountable":[23],"obstacles,":[24,52],"such":[25,198],"as":[26,175,199],"large":[28],"number":[29,141],"of":[30,84,142,206],"potential":[31,179],"users,":[32,144],"complex":[33],"diverse":[35],"small-scale":[36],"shadow":[38],"fading,":[39],"stringent":[41],"energy":[42],"efficiency":[43],"(EE),":[44],"reliability,":[45,103],"latency":[47,160],"requirements.":[48],"Considering":[49],"the":[50,81,90,99,110,121,140,182,203],"above":[51],"we":[53],"propose":[54],"cell-free":[56,165],"multiple-input\u2013multiple-output":[58],"(MIMO)":[59],"architecture":[60,127],"based":[61],"on":[62],"the$\\kappa":[63],"$-$\\mu":[64],"$shadowed":[65],"fading":[66],"model,":[67],"maximum-ratio":[69],"combining":[70],"(MRC)":[71],"multiuser":[72,130,171],"detection":[73,131,172],"with":[74,120,128,169,195],"simple":[75],"path-loss":[76],"decoding":[77],"(S-PLD)":[78],"to":[79,97,180,186,190],"achieve":[80,150],"simultaneous":[82],"optimization":[83],"EE,":[85,102],"latency,":[86,104],"reliability.":[88],"Furthermore,":[89],"finite":[91],"blocklength":[92],"information":[93],"theory":[94],"used":[96],"uncover":[98],"relationship":[100],"among":[101],"achievable":[106],"data":[107],"rate":[108],"when":[109],"packet":[111],"size":[112],"small.":[114],"Simulation":[115],"results":[116],"show":[117],"that":[118],"compared":[119],"MIMO":[123,167],"architecture,":[124],"using":[125],"our":[126],"MRC":[129,170],"S-PLD":[133],"can":[134],"support":[135,191],"threefold":[137],"increase":[138],"in":[139],"access":[143],"reduce":[145],"transmit":[146],"power":[147],"by":[148,161],"90%,":[149],"nearly":[152],"100":[153],"times":[154],"reliability":[155],"enhancement,":[156],"shorten":[158],"transmission":[159],"23.3%.":[162],"Consequently,":[163],"system":[168],"S-PLD,":[174],"considerable":[177],"significant":[178],"facilitate":[181],"advancement":[183],"from":[184],"URLLC":[185],"E2-mURLLC,":[187],"time-sensitive":[193],"applications":[194],"access,":[197],"unmanned":[200],"aerial":[201],"vehicles,":[202],"Industrial":[204],"Internet":[205],"Things":[207],"vehicle-to-vehicle":[209],"communications.":[210]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}