{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4381733061","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3288759","title":"Hybrid/Reflective Beamforming for IRS-Assisted Dual-Function Radar-Communication System","display_name":"Hybrid/Reflective Beamforming for IRS-Assisted Dual-Function Radar-Communication System","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4381733061","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3288759"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2023.3288759","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3288759","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011259577","display_name":"Tuanwei Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4954-301X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173899330","display_name":"Henan University","ror":"https://ror.org/003xyzq10","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173899330"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tuanwei Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4954-301X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173899330"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007997617","display_name":"Hao Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2444-2693"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173899330","display_name":"Henan University","ror":"https://ror.org/003xyzq10","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173899330"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2444-2693","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173899330"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069239821","display_name":"Guchong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9182-1968"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guchong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9182-1968","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072435188","display_name":"Jianhua Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1125-7736"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210167232","display_name":"PLA Air Force Aviation University","ror":"https://ror.org/031g2ra50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210167232"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianhua Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Air Operations and Services, Aviation University of the Air Force, Changchun, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1125-7736","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Air Operations and Services, Aviation University of the Air Force, Changchun, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210167232"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.1241,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92688947,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"22","first_page":"19570","last_page":"19583"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.7018915414810181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6918355822563171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","score":0.5723938941955566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.42911815643310547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.389416366815567}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.7018915414810181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6918355822563171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780980858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110022","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","level":2,"score":0.5723938941955566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.42911815643310547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.389416366815567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2023.3288759","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3288759","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.800000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2856687768","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62201316","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4441314705","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"202300410094","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323845","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6453885048","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022M721027","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323845","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":72,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W151604921","https://openalex.org/W595851582","https://openalex.org/W1488147602","https://openalex.org/W1968154520","https://openalex.org/W2050968963","https://openalex.org/W2051247543","https://openalex.org/W2098375485","https://openalex.org/W2099040013","https://openalex.org/W2146303559","https://openalex.org/W2155951048","https://openalex.org/W2157570139","https://openalex.org/W2167623372","https://openalex.org/W2199953790","https://openalex.org/W2299553154","https://openalex.org/W2340745402","https://openalex.org/W2436907349","https://openalex.org/W2551706731","https://openalex.org/W2590141315","https://openalex.org/W2769776241","https://openalex.org/W2786337676","https://openalex.org/W2788428941","https://openalex.org/W2795059371","https://openalex.org/W2886398203","https://openalex.org/W2886411291","https://openalex.org/W2906569673","https://openalex.org/W2920259400","https://openalex.org/W2964202652","https://openalex.org/W2972820227","https://openalex.org/W2988564745","https://openalex.org/W2991995530","https://openalex.org/W2995554704","https://openalex.org/W3005476696","https://openalex.org/W3011747750","https://openalex.org/W3013719647","https://openalex.org/W3021335732","https://openalex.org/W3028913313","https://openalex.org/W3034533409","https://openalex.org/W3038047043","https://openalex.org/W3046291524","https://openalex.org/W3093972210","https://openalex.org/W3104071687","https://openalex.org/W3119152637","https://openalex.org/W3131044282","https://openalex.org/W3133505491","https://openalex.org/W3134402693","https://openalex.org/W3135339935","https://openalex.org/W3153346347","https://openalex.org/W3160036209","https://openalex.org/W3164896102","https://openalex.org/W3168470427","https://openalex.org/W3170565023","https://openalex.org/W3188579248","https://openalex.org/W3192638455","https://openalex.org/W3198902292","https://openalex.org/W3201063899","https://openalex.org/W3203993364","https://openalex.org/W3204124338","https://openalex.org/W3204308155","https://openalex.org/W3209801506","https://openalex.org/W4205204500","https://openalex.org/W4205615831","https://openalex.org/W4206266781","https://openalex.org/W4206542241","https://openalex.org/W4214839699","https://openalex.org/W4221151058","https://openalex.org/W4226018514","https://openalex.org/W4226039372","https://openalex.org/W4241423584","https://openalex.org/W4288064993","https://openalex.org/W4301014524","https://openalex.org/W4323539420","https://openalex.org/W6684641359"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2963170046","https://openalex.org/W2376244802","https://openalex.org/W1971477554","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2158075901","https://openalex.org/W818226659","https://openalex.org/W4391913857"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"investigates":[2],"the":[3,8,12,18,34,41,46,51,58,71,77,81,93,109,116,119,127,130,139,142,155,160,167,170,180],"joint":[4],"design":[5,32,60,95],"problem":[6,61,68],"of":[7,20,28,92,159,169],"hybrid/reflective":[9],"beamforming":[10],"for":[11,30],"dual-function":[13],"radar-communication":[14],"(DRC)":[15],"system":[16],"with":[17,84],"help":[19],"an":[21,99],"intelligent":[22],"reflecting":[23],"surface":[24],"(IRS).":[25],"The":[26,148],"degrees":[27],"freedom":[29],"beamformer":[31,48,59,79,125],"are":[33],"analog":[35,124],"and":[36,45,74,80,135,157],"digital":[37],"beamformers":[38],"(DBF)":[39],"at":[40,50,115,126,138],"base":[42],"station":[43],"(BS),":[44],"reflective":[47],"(RBF)":[49],"IRS.":[52],"To":[53],"begin":[54],"with,":[55],"we":[56,97],"formulate":[57],"as":[62],"a":[63],"weighted":[64],"sum-rate":[65],"(WSR)":[66],"maximization":[67],"subject":[69],"to":[70],"transmit":[72],"power":[73],"similarity":[75],"between":[76],"designed":[78],"reference":[82],"one":[83],"desired":[85],"beampattern":[86],"property.":[87],"Then,":[88],"utilizing":[89],"equivalent":[90],"reformulation":[91],"preceding":[94],"problem,":[96],"conceive":[98],"alternating":[100],"direction":[101],"sequential":[102],"programming":[103],"(ADSP)-based":[104],"algorithm":[105],"that":[106],"iteratively":[107],"updates":[108],"following":[110],"low-complexity":[111],"subproblems:":[112],"1)":[113],"DBF":[114],"BS":[117,128],"through":[118],"Powell\u2013Hestenes\u2013Rockafellar":[120],"(PHR)":[121],"method;":[122,134],"2)":[123],"using":[129],"Riemannian":[131],"conjugate":[132],"gradient":[133],"3)":[136],"RBF":[137],"IRS":[140],"by":[141,152],"successive":[143],"convex":[144],"approximation":[145],"(SCA)":[146],"technique.":[147],"convergence":[149],"is":[150],"ensured":[151],"analytically":[153],"offering":[154],"nondecreasing":[156],"boundary":[158],"WSR":[161,176],"value.":[162],"Finally,":[163],"numerical":[164],"results":[165],"verify":[166],"effectiveness":[168],"proposed":[171],"algorithm,":[172],"which":[173],"achieves":[174],"superior":[175],"performance":[177],"while":[178],"ensuring":[179],"radar":[181],"requirement.":[182]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
