{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4377715472","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3278286","title":"<i>CrossTrack</i>: Device-Free Cross-Link Tracking With Commodity Wi-Fi","display_name":"<i>CrossTrack</i>: Device-Free Cross-Link Tracking With Commodity Wi-Fi","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4377715472","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3278286"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2023.3278286","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3278286","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101892501","display_name":"Weiping Ge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7827-4066"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiping Ge","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7827-4066","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031808797","display_name":"Yichen Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0044-5777"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yichen Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0044-5777","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009324770","display_name":"Xiulong Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4746-5599"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiulong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4746-5599","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053476884","display_name":"Xinyu Tong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7568-2021"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinyu Tong","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7568-2021","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041346888","display_name":"Wenyu Qu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4817-5187"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenyu Qu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4817-5187","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100350951","display_name":"Zhenzhe Zhong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6657-2149"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenzhe Zhong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fujian Key Laboratory of Industrial Internet and IoT, Xiamen Intretech Inc, Xiamen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6657-2149","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fujian Key Laboratory of Industrial Internet and IoT, Xiamen Intretech Inc, Xiamen, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100714377","display_name":"Haojie Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1497-0719"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haojie Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4316,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80303143,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"20","first_page":"18028","last_page":"18041"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8134487867355347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.6995241045951843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking-system","display_name":"Tracking system","score":0.6425025463104248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trajectory","display_name":"Trajectory","score":0.5906694531440735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transceiver","display_name":"Transceiver","score":0.5831852555274963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/link","display_name":"Link (geometry)","score":0.52774578332901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.49073708057403564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking-error","display_name":"Tracking error","score":0.4728812575340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.4720355272293091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.4603561758995056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.42809492349624634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.42696383595466614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.3870460093021393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.25288552045822144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.251298189163208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2025425136089325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kalman-filter","display_name":"Kalman filter","score":0.16562023758888245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08173578977584839}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8134487867355347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.6995241045951843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154586513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4420972","display_name":"Tracking system","level":3,"score":0.6425025463104248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13662910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193139","display_name":"Trajectory","level":2,"score":0.5906694531440735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7720470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954187","display_name":"Transceiver","level":3,"score":0.5831852555274963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778753846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6554239","display_name":"Link (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.52774578332901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.49073708057403564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183356978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779213","display_name":"Tracking error","level":3,"score":0.4728812575340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4720355272293091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.4603561758995056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.42809492349624634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.42696383595466614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.3870460093021393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.25288552045822144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.251298189163208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2025425136089325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157286648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846780","display_name":"Kalman filter","level":2,"score":0.16562023758888245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08173578977584839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2023.3278286","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3278286","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6000000238418579,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3775540876","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62102282, 61922055, 62202326, 61872233, 61572319","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1544232871","https://openalex.org/W2089695767","https://openalex.org/W2141336889","https://openalex.org/W2170102584","https://openalex.org/W2278572312","https://openalex.org/W2509382177","https://openalex.org/W2517331439","https://openalex.org/W2545387311","https://openalex.org/W2736051620","https://openalex.org/W2755767288","https://openalex.org/W2765388466","https://openalex.org/W2785281828","https://openalex.org/W2890559713","https://openalex.org/W2930506945","https://openalex.org/W2934563761","https://openalex.org/W2947898397","https://openalex.org/W2964988056","https://openalex.org/W2971508628","https://openalex.org/W2972355358","https://openalex.org/W2980309647","https://openalex.org/W2989059099","https://openalex.org/W2996796995","https://openalex.org/W3023214412","https://openalex.org/W3047018611","https://openalex.org/W3083089941","https://openalex.org/W3100273368","https://openalex.org/W3126031589","https://openalex.org/W3134274385","https://openalex.org/W3153891734","https://openalex.org/W3174621004","https://openalex.org/W3196616554","https://openalex.org/W3214233127","https://openalex.org/W4210446284","https://openalex.org/W4235628085","https://openalex.org/W4237127183","https://openalex.org/W4285124880","https://openalex.org/W4288391354","https://openalex.org/W6635170509","https://openalex.org/W6794919478"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2783437851","https://openalex.org/W4249165909","https://openalex.org/W1672137312","https://openalex.org/W2161688277","https://openalex.org/W2026490863","https://openalex.org/W2389929639","https://openalex.org/W2940856907","https://openalex.org/W2529059221","https://openalex.org/W2380496977","https://openalex.org/W2317393884"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Device-free":[0],"Wi-Fi":[1,13,165],"tracking":[2,14,25,41,59,154,178,185],"has":[3],"become":[4],"essential":[5],"for":[6,155],"ubiquitous":[7],"wireless":[8],"sensing.":[9],"However,":[10],"current":[11],"device-free":[12,57,153],"systems":[15],"suffer":[16],"from":[17],"two":[18],"limitations:":[19],"First,":[20,92],"abnormal":[21],"signals":[22],"interfere":[23],"with":[24,61],"performance":[26],"when":[27],"the":[28,32,36,40,45,55,69,77,113,132,143,156,183],"user":[29],"walks":[30],"across":[31],"direct":[33],"link":[34],"of":[35,80,100,137],"transceivers":[37],"and":[38,167,182],"second,":[39],"error":[42,186],"based":[43,162],"on":[44,163],"velocity":[46],"integral":[47],"accumulates":[48],"over":[49],"time.":[50,158],"This":[51],"article":[52,139],"proposes":[53],"CrossTrack,":[54],"first":[56,157],"cross-link":[58,70,102,114,148],"system":[60],"commodity":[62],"Wi-Fi.":[63],"Our":[64,86,171],"inspiration":[65],"is":[66,98,140,187],"to":[67,75,130,141,146],"regard":[68],"behavior":[71],"as":[72,116],"an":[73],"opportunity":[74],"correct":[76],"trajectory":[78],"instead":[79],"disturbing":[81],"noise":[82],"like":[83],"previous":[84],"work.":[85],"approach":[87,145],"involves":[88],"three":[89],"main":[90],"steps.":[91],"we":[93,105,120],"devise":[94],"a":[95,107,117,122],"metric":[96],"that":[97,111,126,174],"capable":[99],"detecting":[101],"behavior.":[103],"Second,":[104],"propose":[106],"new":[108],"theoretical":[109,144],"model":[110],"identifies":[112],"position":[115],"landmark.":[118],"Third,":[119],"develop":[121],"path":[123],"revision":[124],"technique":[125,135],"utilizes":[127],"this":[128,138],"landmark":[129],"optimize":[131],"trajectory.":[133],"The":[134],"innovation":[136],"reveal":[142],"transform":[147],"interference":[149],"into":[150],"optimization":[151],"in":[152],"We":[159],"implement":[160],"CrossTrack":[161,175],"commercial":[164],"devices":[166],"conduct":[168],"comprehensive":[169],"experiments.":[170],"results":[172],"show":[173],"can":[176],"reduce":[177],"errors":[179],"by":[180],"48.75%,":[181],"median":[184],"0.41":[188],"m.":[189]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
