{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4367146673","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3270436","title":"Backup Battery Allocation and Workload Migration Against Electrical Load Shedding at Edge","display_name":"Backup Battery Allocation and Workload Migration Against Electrical Load Shedding at Edge","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-04-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4367146673","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3270436"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2023.3270436","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3270436","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031884708","display_name":"Linfeng Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4410-4779"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I18014758","display_name":"Simon Fraser University","ror":"https://ror.org/0213rcc28","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I18014758"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Linfeng Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada","Shenzhen Jiangxing Intelligence Inc., Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I18014758"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Jiangxing Intelligence Inc., Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101686970","display_name":"Fangxin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2559-045X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I368840534","display_name":"University of Mississippi","ror":"https://ror.org/02teq1165","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I368840534","https://openalex.org/I4210141039"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116924","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen","ror":"https://ror.org/02d5ks197","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633","https://openalex.org/I180726961","https://openalex.org/I4210116924"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fangxin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Information Science, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA","School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Information Science, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I368840534"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116924"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100431183","display_name":"Feng Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I368840534","display_name":"University of Mississippi","ror":"https://ror.org/02teq1165","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I368840534","https://openalex.org/I4210141039"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116924","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen","ror":"https://ror.org/02d5ks197","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633","https://openalex.org/I180726961","https://openalex.org/I4210116924"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Information Science, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA","School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Information Science, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I368840534"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116924"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039311485","display_name":"Jiangchuan Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6592-1984"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I18014758","display_name":"Simon Fraser University","ror":"https://ror.org/0213rcc28","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I18014758"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiangchuan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I18014758"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031884708"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I18014758"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3994,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59296141,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"19","first_page":"16804","last_page":"16815"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12238","display_name":"Green IT and Sustainability","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13553","display_name":"Age of Information Optimization","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backup","display_name":"Backup","score":0.9090589284896851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.81232750415802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workload","display_name":"Workload","score":0.6275961995124817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/battery","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","score":0.5673903226852417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.561850905418396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.5442796349525452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.4656221568584442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-computing","display_name":"Edge computing","score":0.4223778247833252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.41791605949401855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.40266942977905273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4001421332359314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.376737117767334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3234230875968933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1939922273159027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.15264290571212769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08152547478675842}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780945871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194274","display_name":"Backup","level":2,"score":0.9090589284896851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.81232750415802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628539","display_name":"Workload","level":2,"score":0.6275961995124817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555008776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267298","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","level":3,"score":0.5673903226852417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.561850905418396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.5442796349525452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.4656221568584442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.4223778247833252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.41791605949401855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.40266942977905273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4001421332359314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.376737117767334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3234230875968933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1939922273159027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.15264290571212769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08152547478675842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2023.3270436","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3270436","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1521614576","https://openalex.org/W1702677595","https://openalex.org/W1979397446","https://openalex.org/W2036585776","https://openalex.org/W2071642760","https://openalex.org/W2102910133","https://openalex.org/W2141557169","https://openalex.org/W2151125759","https://openalex.org/W2166909680","https://openalex.org/W2285614574","https://openalex.org/W2345600441","https://openalex.org/W2513795936","https://openalex.org/W2609277611","https://openalex.org/W2751904527","https://openalex.org/W2757352443","https://openalex.org/W2768122690","https://openalex.org/W2771708479","https://openalex.org/W2791432311","https://openalex.org/W2801411312","https://openalex.org/W2805491853","https://openalex.org/W2809293032","https://openalex.org/W2953169926","https://openalex.org/W2962855623","https://openalex.org/W2970435764","https://openalex.org/W3008690002","https://openalex.org/W3132525705","https://openalex.org/W3149443718","https://openalex.org/W3153731626","https://openalex.org/W3197868458","https://openalex.org/W3201853341","https://openalex.org/W4250589301","https://openalex.org/W4251091605"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2955195711","https://openalex.org/W2354454611","https://openalex.org/W2993266126","https://openalex.org/W2392283887","https://openalex.org/W2351388597","https://openalex.org/W2829881200","https://openalex.org/W2184647741","https://openalex.org/W2367727984","https://openalex.org/W2939925694","https://openalex.org/W2401318764"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,103,169],"the":[1,5,17,67,80,108,161,175,213,229],"5G":[2],"era":[3],"(and":[4],"upcoming":[6],"6G),":[7],"mobile":[8],"edge":[9,31],"computing":[10],"(MEC)":[11],"has":[12],"been":[13],"advocated":[14],"to":[15,45,60,65,238],"serve":[16],"massive":[18],"amount":[19],"of":[20,22,39,51,69,96,110,143,153,216],"Internet":[21],"Things":[23],"(IoT)":[24],"devices":[25],"by":[26,119],"base":[27],"stations":[28],"(BSs)":[29],"and":[30,49,75,156,179,185,211],"data":[32,47],"centers":[33,48],"(EDCs).":[34],"Geo-distributed":[35],"EDCs":[36,85,113,126,178],"are":[37,86],"generally":[38],"much":[40,52],"smaller":[41],"scales":[42],"as":[43,64,91,236],"compared":[44,237],"mega":[46],"hence":[50],"lower":[53],"costs,":[54],"but":[55],"can":[56,115,226],"have":[57],"fast":[58],"response":[59],"their":[61,73],"users":[62],"so":[63],"satisfy":[66],"demands":[68],"real-time":[70],"applications.":[71],"As":[72],"reliability":[74],"availability":[76],"heavily":[77,111,135],"depend":[78],"on":[79],"electrical":[81],"power":[82,93,97,122],"supply,":[83],"most":[84],"equipped":[87],"with":[88,197],"battery":[89,145,154,194],"groups":[90],"backup":[92,121],"in":[94,177],"case":[95],"grid":[98],"load":[99,165],"shedding":[100],"or":[101],"outage.":[102],"a":[104,134,150,192,232],"heterogeneous":[105],"geo-distributed":[106],"environment,":[107],"QoS":[109],"loaded":[112,125,136],"however":[114],"be":[116],"severely":[117],"impacted":[118],"limited":[120,233],"while":[123],"lightly":[124],"may":[127,138],"simply":[128],"waste":[129],"such":[130],"precious":[131],"resources.":[132],"Moreover,":[133],"EDC":[137],"suffer":[139],"from":[140,208],"deep":[141],"discharge":[142],"its":[144],"group,":[146],"which":[147,203],"will":[148],"cause":[149],"significant":[151],"reduction":[152],"capacity":[155],"lifetime.":[157],"This":[158],"further":[159],"aggravates":[160],"aforementioned":[162],"situations":[163],"should":[164],"shedding/outage":[166],"happen":[167],"again.":[168],"this":[170],"article,":[171],"we":[172],"carefully":[173],"analyze":[174],"workloads":[176,184,207],"classify":[180],"them":[181],"into":[182],"interactive":[183,206],"batch":[186,217],"workloads,":[187],"respectively.":[188],"We":[189],"then":[190],"develop":[191],"novel":[193],"allocation":[195],"framework":[196],"smart":[198],"workload":[199],"migration":[200],"for":[201],"EDCs,":[202],"simultaneously":[204],"protects":[205],"being":[209],"interrupted":[210],"minimizes":[212],"waiting":[214],"time":[215],"workloads.":[218],"Our":[219],"extensive":[220],"evaluations":[221],"show":[222],"that":[223],"our":[224],"strategies":[225],"optimize":[227],"all":[228],"objectives":[230],"within":[231],"overall":[234],"cost":[235],"state-of-the-art":[239],"practical":[240],"allocation.":[241]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
