{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4321194903","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3246101","title":"Joint Beamforming and Backscatter Communication Design for Symbiotic Radio Networks","display_name":"Joint Beamforming and Backscatter Communication Design for Symbiotic Radio Networks","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-02-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4321194903","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3246101"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2023.3246101","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3246101","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103050340","display_name":"Ning Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5784-7841"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136246","display_name":"China Telecom (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jgnzt20","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136246"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153335","display_name":"China Telecom","ror":"https://ror.org/05p67dv18","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153335"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ning Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mobile Communications and Terminal Research, China Telecom Research Institute, Guangzhou, China","National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5784-7841","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mobile Communications and Terminal Research, China Telecom Research Institute, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136246","https://openalex.org/I4387153335"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015911360","display_name":"Gang Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3959-4761"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gang Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study, the National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, and the Center for Intelligent Networking and Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3959-4761","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study, the National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, and the Center for Intelligent Networking and Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007832415","display_name":"Ying\u2010Chang Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2671-5090"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying-Chang Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Intelligent Networking and Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2671-5090","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Intelligent Networking and Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102286739","display_name":"Songbo Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8856-0978"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Songbo Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications and the Center for Intelligent Networking and Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications and the Center for Intelligent Networking and Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100373698","display_name":"Xiao Dong Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0150-0491"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136246","display_name":"China Telecom (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jgnzt20","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136246"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153335","display_name":"China Telecom","ror":"https://ror.org/05p67dv18","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153335"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaodong Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Telecom Research Institute, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Telecom Research Institute, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136246","https://openalex.org/I4387153335"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3937,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80523884,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"22","first_page":"19441","last_page":"19453"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.8508483171463013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7379449605941772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-division-multiple-access","display_name":"Time division multiple access","score":0.6022409200668335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.4884173274040222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.48409879207611084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.42541152238845825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.4179796278476715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convex-optimization","display_name":"Convex optimization","score":0.41678786277770996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterative-method","display_name":"Iterative method","score":0.414445161819458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.36962148547172546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3585173487663269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3321102559566498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.3105483949184418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17798981070518494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regular-polygon","display_name":"Regular polygon","score":0.1455724835395813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.14132040739059448}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.8508483171463013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7379449605941772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117313154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q878344","display_name":"Time division multiple access","level":2,"score":0.6022409200668335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.4884173274040222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.48409879207611084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.42541152238845825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.4179796278476715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157972887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q463359","display_name":"Convex optimization","level":3,"score":0.41678786277770996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159694833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2321565","display_name":"Iterative method","level":2,"score":0.414445161819458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.36962148547172546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3585173487663269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3321102559566498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.3105483949184418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17798981070518494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112680207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q714886","display_name":"Regular polygon","level":2,"score":0.1455724835395813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.14132040739059448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2023.3246101","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3246101","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8899999856948853,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1418244083","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1801261","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3233430409","display_name":"\u534f\u4f5c\u5f0f\u73af\u5883\u53cd\u5411\u6563\u5c04\u901a\u4fe1\u9ad8\u6548\u4f20\u8f93\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"62071093","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3738287161","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFB1801105","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5388752774","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61601100","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W595252221","https://openalex.org/W1549287041","https://openalex.org/W1975671167","https://openalex.org/W1987380770","https://openalex.org/W1991571965","https://openalex.org/W1994803221","https://openalex.org/W1996215314","https://openalex.org/W2065231589","https://openalex.org/W2081071884","https://openalex.org/W2099461393","https://openalex.org/W2100573451","https://openalex.org/W2101727634","https://openalex.org/W2109520672","https://openalex.org/W2134011805","https://openalex.org/W2156486698","https://openalex.org/W2205821735","https://openalex.org/W2210084516","https://openalex.org/W2481477255","https://openalex.org/W2560844389","https://openalex.org/W2572855315","https://openalex.org/W2590250009","https://openalex.org/W2621181593","https://openalex.org/W2624922208","https://openalex.org/W2803966618","https://openalex.org/W2884145162","https://openalex.org/W2893939120","https://openalex.org/W2937465577","https://openalex.org/W2940528488","https://openalex.org/W2962732150","https://openalex.org/W2963061380","https://openalex.org/W2963135410","https://openalex.org/W2963205726","https://openalex.org/W2963907541","https://openalex.org/W2964056649","https://openalex.org/W2990865112","https://openalex.org/W3034636778","https://openalex.org/W3036361269","https://openalex.org/W3086892208","https://openalex.org/W3101220995","https://openalex.org/W3128189281","https://openalex.org/W3146291710","https://openalex.org/W3188784667","https://openalex.org/W4226216204","https://openalex.org/W4226318951","https://openalex.org/W4226341584","https://openalex.org/W4234585325","https://openalex.org/W4250589301"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2121800375","https://openalex.org/W2160222453","https://openalex.org/W2362971132","https://openalex.org/W2020063395","https://openalex.org/W2371687215","https://openalex.org/W4386450762","https://openalex.org/W2117591691","https://openalex.org/W4236087151","https://openalex.org/W2761543104","https://openalex.org/W4302353319"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Symbiotic":[0],"radio":[1,38],"(SR)":[2],"is":[3,110],"a":[4,30,42],"promising":[5],"energy-,":[6],"spectrum-,":[7],"and":[8,52,64,89,138,156],"cost-efficient":[9],"communication":[10],"technology":[11],"for":[12,58],"Internet":[13],"of":[14],"Things.":[15],"This":[16],"article":[17],"considers":[18],"an":[19],"SR":[20],"network":[21],"(SRN)":[22],"in":[23,112],"which":[24],"backscatter":[25,99],"devices":[26],"(BDs)":[27],"communicate":[28],"with":[29,125],"primary":[31,43,50],"receiver":[32],"(PR)":[33],"by":[34,82],"riding":[35],"on":[36,134,160],"ambient":[37],"frequency":[39],"carriers":[40],"from":[41],"transmitter":[44],"(PT).":[45],"First,":[46],"both":[47],"the":[48,78,85,90,98,103,107,116,122,148,152,161],"achievable":[49],"rate":[51,55],"backscatter-link":[53],"sum":[54,80],"are":[56,74,131],"derived":[57],"BDs":[59],"adopting":[60],"spatial-division-multiple-access":[61],"(SDMA)":[62],"scheme":[63],"dynamic":[65],"time-division-multiple-access":[66],"(TDMA)":[67],"scheme,":[68],"respectively.":[69],"Then,":[70],"two":[71],"optimization":[72],"problems":[73,124],"formulated":[75],"to":[76,120],"maximize":[77],"BDs\u2019":[79,91,162],"rate,":[81],"jointly":[83],"optimizing":[84],"PTs\u2019":[86],"beamforming":[87,109],"matrix,":[88],"power":[92],"reflection":[93],"coefficients":[94],"as":[95,97],"well":[96],"time":[100],"allocation.":[101],"For":[102,115],"single-antenna":[104],"PR":[105,118],"case,":[106,119],"optimal":[108],"obtained":[111],"semi-closed":[113],"forms.":[114],"multiantenna":[117],"solve":[121],"nonconvex":[123],"coupled":[126],"variables,":[127],"efficient":[128],"iterative":[129],"algorithms":[130],"proposed":[132,149],"based":[133],"block":[135],"coordinate":[136],"descent":[137],"sequential":[139],"convex":[140],"approximation":[141],"techniques.":[142],"Finally,":[143],"numerical":[144],"results":[145],"show":[146],"that":[147],"design":[150],"enhances":[151],"SRNs\u2019":[153],"throughput":[154],"significantly,":[155],"give":[157],"useful":[158],"insights":[159],"multiple-access":[163],"schemes.":[164]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
