{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4321770439","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3245628","title":"MMTD: Multistage Moving Target Defense for Security-Enhanced D-FACTS Operation","display_name":"MMTD: Multistage Moving Target Defense for Security-Enhanced D-FACTS Operation","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-02-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4321770439","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3245628"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2023.3245628","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3245628","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009575778","display_name":"Jiazhou Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7532-8954"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiazhou Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Intelligent Networks and Network Security, School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7532-8954","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Intelligent Networks and Network Security, School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077429712","display_name":"Jue Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3154-7191"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136859","display_name":"Xi\u2019an University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04jn0td46","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136859"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jue Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer, Xi&#x2019;an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3154-7191","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer, Xi&#x2019;an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136859"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101835164","display_name":"Yang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4075-1971"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Intelligent Networks and Network Security, School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4075-1971","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Intelligent Networks and Network Security, School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101750656","display_name":"Dong Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0686-8679"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123254","display_name":"Thermal Power Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/020jz8z49","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210123254"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dong Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Power Infrastructure Cyber Security Research Center, Xi&#x2019;an Thermal Power Research Institute Company Ltd., Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Power Infrastructure Cyber Security Research Center, Xi&#x2019;an Thermal Power Research Institute Company Ltd., Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123254"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101554099","display_name":"Ting Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7600-0934"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ting Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Intelligent Networks and Network Security, School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7600-0934","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Intelligent Networks and Network Security, School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.9442,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90977819,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"14","first_page":"12234","last_page":"12247"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9908999800682068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infimum-and-supremum","display_name":"Infimum and supremum","score":0.8235272169113159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6375907063484192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.6075119376182556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.5536066293716431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5444979667663574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-dispatch","display_name":"Economic dispatch","score":0.4811457395553589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.47472700476646423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.399491548538208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3377299904823303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.20428967475891113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.16712665557861328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1354750096797943}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95611797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17502105","display_name":"Infimum and supremum","level":2,"score":0.8235272169113159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6375907063484192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6075119376182556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.5536066293716431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5444979667663574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187633118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1317949","display_name":"Economic dispatch","level":4,"score":0.4811457395553589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.47472700476646423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.399491548538208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3377299904823303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.20428967475891113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.16712665557861328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1354750096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2023.3245628","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3245628","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.4099999964237213,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1054163106","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020M683520","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1828253250","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62232014","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5065734402","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61833015","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5388850686","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62003263","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6077080905","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022YFB2703503","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6387986177","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61721002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6786717514","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62032010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7130368641","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"72241433","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7355380096","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62293501","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7672647333","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62002281","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966681569","https://openalex.org/W2014752358","https://openalex.org/W2022810949","https://openalex.org/W2031252608","https://openalex.org/W2038651258","https://openalex.org/W2064111006","https://openalex.org/W2066909550","https://openalex.org/W2106424475","https://openalex.org/W2121658841","https://openalex.org/W2147320153","https://openalex.org/W2195835419","https://openalex.org/W2439424908","https://openalex.org/W2477566801","https://openalex.org/W2503104943","https://openalex.org/W2503917224","https://openalex.org/W2607503516","https://openalex.org/W2614731226","https://openalex.org/W2783169723","https://openalex.org/W2807999445","https://openalex.org/W2906337469","https://openalex.org/W2949160428","https://openalex.org/W2959889059","https://openalex.org/W2991102815","https://openalex.org/W2998298992","https://openalex.org/W3008059000","https://openalex.org/W3044175764","https://openalex.org/W3118867125","https://openalex.org/W3166427495","https://openalex.org/W3185713796","https://openalex.org/W3204654370","https://openalex.org/W4213453857","https://openalex.org/W4220855988","https://openalex.org/W4241804486","https://openalex.org/W4292998168","https://openalex.org/W6718803878","https://openalex.org/W6757490539"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2953175190","https://openalex.org/W4404619110","https://openalex.org/W2257286100","https://openalex.org/W2099602951","https://openalex.org/W4288318511","https://openalex.org/W2562705109","https://openalex.org/W2098184873","https://openalex.org/W4283118620","https://openalex.org/W2012159417","https://openalex.org/W3033742928"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"recent":[1],"studies,":[2],"moving":[3],"target":[4],"defense":[5],"(MTD)":[6],"has":[7],"been":[8],"applied":[9],"to":[10,77,94,112,120,138,166,171],"detect":[11,95],"false":[12],"data":[13],"injection":[14],"(FDI)":[15],"attacks":[16,188],"using":[17],"distributed":[18],"flexible":[19],"ac":[20],"transmission":[21],"system":[22,155],"(D-FACTS)":[23],"devices.":[24],"However,":[25],"the":[26,30,40,52,60,113,117,122,134,144,168,179,184],"inherent":[27],"conflict":[28],"between":[29],"security":[31],"goals":[32,42],"of":[33,43,54,63,86,146],"MTD":[34,55,74,192],"(i.e.,":[35,46],"detecting":[36],"FDI":[37,96,187],"attacks)":[38],"and":[39,109,150,157],"economic":[41,123,195],"D-FACTS":[44,158],"devices":[45],"reducing":[47],"power":[48],"losses)":[49],"would":[50],"impede":[51],"application":[53],"in":[56],"real":[57],"systems.":[58],"Moreover,":[59],"detection":[61,135,148],"capabilities":[62],"existing":[64,139],"MTDs":[65],"are":[66],"often":[67],"insufficient.":[68],"This":[69],"article":[70],"proposes":[71],"a":[72,84,104,128,161],"multistage":[73],"(MMTD)":[75],"approach":[76],"resolve":[78],"these":[79,100],"two":[80],"issues":[81],"by":[82],"adding":[83],"group":[85],"designed":[87,129],"security-oriented":[88,101],"schemes":[89,102],"before":[90],"D-FACTS\u2019":[91],"economy-oriented":[92,114],"scheme":[93,115],"attacks.":[97],"We":[98,125,142],"keep":[99],"for":[103,116],"very":[105],"short":[106],"time":[107,119],"interval":[108],"then":[110],"revert":[111],"remaining":[118],"ensure":[121],"requirements.":[124],"prove":[126],"that":[127,178],"MMTD":[130,169,181],"can":[131,182],"significantly":[132],"improve":[133],"capability":[136,149],"compared":[137],"one-stage":[140],"MTDs.":[141],"find":[143],"supremum":[145,185],"MMTD\u2019s":[147],"study":[151],"its":[152],"relationship":[153],"with":[154],"topology":[156],"deployment.":[159],"Meanwhile,":[160],"greedy":[162],"algorithm":[163],"is":[164],"proposed":[165,180],"search":[167],"strategy":[170],"reach":[172],"this":[173],"supremum.":[174],"Simulation":[175],"results":[176],"show":[177],"achieve":[183],"against":[186],"while":[189],"outperforming":[190],"current":[191],"strategies":[193],"on":[194],"indicators.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
