{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4321021840","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3245288","title":"Machine Learning in RIS-Assisted NOMA IoT Networks","display_name":"Machine Learning in RIS-Assisted NOMA IoT Networks","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-02-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4321021840","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3245288"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2023.3245288","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3245288","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075454320","display_name":"Yixuan Zou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6422-480X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","display_name":"Queen Mary University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/026zzn846","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yixuan Zou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076863392","display_name":"Yuanwei Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6389-8941"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","display_name":"Queen Mary University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/026zzn846","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I49835588","display_name":"Macao Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/02sf5td35","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49835588"]}],"countries":["GB","MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanwei Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, Macau, SAR, China","School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, Macau, SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I49835588"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056349361","display_name":"Xidong Mu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","display_name":"Queen Mary University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/026zzn846","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xidong Mu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082899535","display_name":"Xingqi Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8941-3706"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100930933","display_name":"University College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/05m7pjf47","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100930933"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xingqi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100930933"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100320066","display_name":"Yue Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3292-4211"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","display_name":"Queen Mary University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/026zzn846","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I49835588","display_name":"Macao Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/02sf5td35","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49835588"]}],"countries":["GB","MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yue Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, Macau, SAR, China","School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, Macau, SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I49835588"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060020877","display_name":"Chau Yuen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9307-2120"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152815399","display_name":"Singapore University of Technology and Design","ror":"https://ror.org/05j6fvn87","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152815399"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chau Yuen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Product Development Pillar, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Rd, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Product Development Pillar, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Rd, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152815399"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075454320"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.6494,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93552084,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"22","first_page":"19427","last_page":"19440"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9868999719619751,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9819999933242798,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8299583196640015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.7283050417900085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-service","display_name":"Quality of service","score":0.6328245401382446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.5545446872711182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.5278705954551697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.5252451300621033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noma","display_name":"Noma","score":0.514937698841095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximization","display_name":"Maximization","score":0.5027475357055664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.46324244141578674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.4125775396823883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.40094292163848877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.33953073620796204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.29691702127456665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.27163058519363403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1080494225025177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08059579133987427}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8299583196640015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.7283050417900085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5119721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220501","display_name":"Quality of service","level":2,"score":0.6328245401382446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.5545446872711182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.5278705954551697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.5252451300621033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775918612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q994794","display_name":"Noma","level":3,"score":0.514937698841095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776330181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18358244","display_name":"Maximization","level":2,"score":0.5027475357055664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.46324244141578674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.4125775396823883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.40094292163848877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.33953073620796204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.29691702127456665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.27163058519363403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1080494225025177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08059579133987427}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2023.3245288","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3245288","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:hub.hku.hk:10722/349879","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hub.hku.hk/handle/10722/349879","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196271","display_name":"The HKU Scholars Hub (University of Hong Kong)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","host_organization_name":"University of Hong Kong","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3061838647","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RGS\\R1\\221050","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320006","funder_display_name":"Royal Society"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3297771370","display_name":"Towards Sustainable ICT: Sparse Ubiquitous Networks based on Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces","funder_award_id":"EP/W035588/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6980602607","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/W035588/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7874073872","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IEC\\NSFC\\201112","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320006","funder_display_name":"Royal Society"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320006","display_name":"Royal Society","ror":"https://ror.org/03wnrjx87"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2134295053","https://openalex.org/W2145339207","https://openalex.org/W2769456309","https://openalex.org/W2787114603","https://openalex.org/W2909545524","https://openalex.org/W2963121727","https://openalex.org/W2969424089","https://openalex.org/W2970670564","https://openalex.org/W2990346675","https://openalex.org/W3002205212","https://openalex.org/W3011134162","https://openalex.org/W3016146955","https://openalex.org/W3034281970","https://openalex.org/W3036604634","https://openalex.org/W3037231455","https://openalex.org/W3040349383","https://openalex.org/W3040433108","https://openalex.org/W3041261812","https://openalex.org/W3042103612","https://openalex.org/W3042544305","https://openalex.org/W3043220753","https://openalex.org/W3045780692","https://openalex.org/W3081215475","https://openalex.org/W3094019951","https://openalex.org/W3107731108","https://openalex.org/W3109039904","https://openalex.org/W3109400146","https://openalex.org/W3120097581","https://openalex.org/W3125035800","https://openalex.org/W3134205660","https://openalex.org/W3159402647","https://openalex.org/W3163842339","https://openalex.org/W3179825402","https://openalex.org/W4210265506","https://openalex.org/W4283212256","https://openalex.org/W6637967152","https://openalex.org/W6684205842","https://openalex.org/W6684921986","https://openalex.org/W6736057607","https://openalex.org/W6762186144","https://openalex.org/W6767067800","https://openalex.org/W6770622103","https://openalex.org/W6780249484"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3030525848","https://openalex.org/W3165611029","https://openalex.org/W2370038111","https://openalex.org/W2950413682","https://openalex.org/W4365807906","https://openalex.org/W2157864637","https://openalex.org/W4223416141","https://openalex.org/W2105999282","https://openalex.org/W1922070205","https://openalex.org/W2136902318"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,36],"reconfigurable":[1],"intelligent":[2],"surface":[3],"(RIS)-assisted":[4],"downlink":[5],"nonorthogonal":[6],"multiple":[7],"access":[8],"(NOMA)":[9],"Internet":[10],"of":[11,48,55,74,102,141,186,196],"Things":[12],"(IoT)":[13],"network":[14,105],"is":[15,24,40,123,219,231],"proposed,":[16],"where":[17],"a":[18,209],"Quality-of-Service":[19],"(QoS)-based":[20],"NOMA":[21,171],"clustering":[22,172],"scheme":[23,173],"conceived":[25],"to":[26,68,97,107,125,158,202],"effectively":[27],"utilize":[28],"the":[29,45,49,52,56,61,72,86,91,99,103,109,113,116,133,139,142,146,151,160,168,179,184,194,214,222,227],"limited":[30],"wireless":[31],"resources":[32],"among":[33],"IoT":[34,176],"devices.":[35],"throughput":[37,177,191,211],"maximization":[38,140],"problem":[39],"formulated":[41,87],"by":[42],"jointly":[43],"optimizing":[44],"phase":[46],"shifts":[47],"RIS":[50,197],"and":[51,63,70,78,106,206],"power":[53,152,230],"allocation":[54],"base":[57],"station":[58],"(BS)":[59],"from":[60,200],"short-term":[62,215],"long-term":[64,161,223],"perspectives.":[65],"We":[66],"aim":[67],"investigate":[69],"compare":[71],"performance":[73,212],"deep":[75,79,117],"learning":[76,81],"(DL)":[77],"reinforcement":[80],"(DRL)":[82],"algorithms":[83],"for":[84,213,221],"solving":[85],"problems.":[88],"In":[89],"particular,":[90],"DL":[92,134,205],"method":[93,135,148],"utilizes":[94],"model-agnostic-metalearning":[95],"(MAML)":[96],"enhance":[98],"generalization":[100],"capability":[101],"neural":[104],"accelerate":[108],"convergence":[110],"rate.":[111],"For":[112],"DRL":[114,147,207,218],"method,":[115],"deterministic":[118],"policy":[119],"gradient":[120],"(DDPG)":[121],"algorithm":[122],"employed":[124],"incorporate":[126],"continuous":[127],"phase-shift":[128],"variables.":[129],"It":[130],"shows":[131],"that":[132],"only":[136],"focuses":[137],"on":[138],"instantaneous":[143],"throughput,":[144],"whereas":[145],"can":[149],"coordinate":[150],"consumption":[153],"over":[154],"different":[155],"time":[156],"slots":[157],"maximize":[159],"throughput.":[162],"Numerical":[163],"results":[164],"demonstrate":[165],"that:":[166],"1)":[167],"proposed":[169],"QoS-based":[170],"achieves":[174],"higher":[175],"than":[178],"conventional":[180],"channel-based":[181],"scheme;":[182],"2)":[183],"implementation":[185],"RISs":[187],"induces":[188],"approximately":[189],"5%\u201325%":[190],"gain":[192],"as":[193],"number":[195],"elements":[198],"increases":[199],"8":[201],"64;":[203],"3)":[204],"achieve":[208],"similar":[210],"optimization,":[216,224],"while":[217],"superior":[220],"especially":[225],"when":[226],"total":[228],"transmit":[229],"limited.":[232]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}