{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4321020904","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3244810","title":"Attack Classification of Imbalanced Intrusion Data for IoT Network Using Ensemble-Learning-Based Deep Neural Network","display_name":"Attack Classification of Imbalanced Intrusion Data for IoT Network Using Ensemble-Learning-Based Deep Neural Network","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-02-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4321020904","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3244810"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2023.3244810","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3244810","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070210012","display_name":"Ankit Thakkar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8328-6101"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165831266","display_name":"Nirma University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qkq7x38","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165831266"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ankit Thakkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and Engineering Department, Institute of Technology, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8328-6101","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Engineering Department, Institute of Technology, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165831266"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007875357","display_name":"Ritika Lohiya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1794-8300"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165831266","display_name":"Nirma University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qkq7x38","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165831266"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ritika Lohiya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and Engineering Department, Institute of Technology, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1794-8300","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Engineering Department, Institute of Technology, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165831266"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165831266"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":25.9091,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":147,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99827814,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"13","first_page":"11888","last_page":"11895"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8615500330924988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intrusion-detection-system","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","score":0.7645905017852783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6280423402786255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.6152499318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.594028115272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.5453301668167114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4770699739456177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.45795783400535583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-learning","display_name":"Ensemble learning","score":0.45395582914352417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4209638237953186}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8615500330924988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35525427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745881","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","level":2,"score":0.7645905017852783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6280423402786255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.6152499318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.594028115272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.5453301668167114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4770699739456177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.45795783400535583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45942800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245652","display_name":"Ensemble learning","level":2,"score":0.45395582914352417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4209638237953186}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2023.3244810","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3244810","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.4099999964237213,"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2042593695","https://openalex.org/W2099454382","https://openalex.org/W2148143831","https://openalex.org/W2529525882","https://openalex.org/W2576897537","https://openalex.org/W2616891418","https://openalex.org/W2742119477","https://openalex.org/W2751702912","https://openalex.org/W2800788706","https://openalex.org/W2848880782","https://openalex.org/W2896054965","https://openalex.org/W2896657356","https://openalex.org/W2899434936","https://openalex.org/W2899653275","https://openalex.org/W2963613787","https://openalex.org/W2963748489","https://openalex.org/W2995257080","https://openalex.org/W3016974523","https://openalex.org/W3033728179","https://openalex.org/W3034181669","https://openalex.org/W3093621053","https://openalex.org/W3112787034","https://openalex.org/W3116162736","https://openalex.org/W3116337923","https://openalex.org/W3126752450","https://openalex.org/W3186172578","https://openalex.org/W3193146026","https://openalex.org/W3210846950","https://openalex.org/W4212883601","https://openalex.org/W4377862871","https://openalex.org/W6732343696","https://openalex.org/W6742003911","https://openalex.org/W6763204649"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4375867731","https://openalex.org/W2357468538","https://openalex.org/W1577110157","https://openalex.org/W2355007334","https://openalex.org/W2390009783","https://openalex.org/W2394461323","https://openalex.org/W2349441905","https://openalex.org/W3124943098","https://openalex.org/W4308112567","https://openalex.org/W3162132941"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,11,16,79,89,105,133,149,152,177,194,206,227,253,256],"increase":[2],"in":[3,13,28,46,95,108,148,198],"popularity":[4],"of":[5,7,82,104,155,176,205,226,255],"Internet":[6],"Things":[8],"(IoT)":[9],"and":[10,26,44,53,59,111,115,174,221,247],"rise":[12],"interconnected":[14],"devices,":[15],"need":[17],"to":[18,23,50,57,66,123,165,188],"foster":[19],"effective":[20],"security":[21,52],"mechanism":[22],"handle":[24],"vulnerabilities":[25],"risks":[27],"IoT":[29,47],"networks":[30],"has":[31],"become":[32],"evident.":[33],"Security":[34],"mechanisms,":[35],"such":[36],"as":[37,75,143,183,185],"intrusion":[38,90,113,199,213],"detection":[39,91,114,200,214],"system":[40,58],"(IDS),":[41],"are":[42,259],"designed":[43],"deployed":[45],"network":[48,141],"environment":[49],"ensure":[51],"prevent":[54],"unauthorized":[55],"access":[56],"resources.":[60],"Moreover,":[61,252],"there":[62],"have":[63],"been":[64],"efforts":[65],"design":[67],"IDS":[68],"using":[69,128,211,232,263],"various":[70,233],"deep":[71,139],"learning":[72,130],"(DL)":[73],"techniques,":[74],"these":[76],"techniques":[77],"possess":[78,97],"intriguing":[80],"characteristic":[81],"representing":[83],"data":[84,92,201,215],"with":[85,192],"high":[86],"abstraction.":[87],"However,":[88],"sets":[93],"used":[94],"literature":[96],"imbalance":[98,126,196],"class":[99,125,161,195],"distribution,":[100],"which":[101],"is":[102,157,209,230],"one":[103],"challenging":[106],"issues":[107],"developing":[109],"coherent":[110],"potent":[112],"classification":[116],"system.":[117],"In":[118],"this":[119],"article,":[120],"we":[121],"aim":[122],"address":[124],"problem":[127,197],"ensemble":[129],"approach,":[131,151],"namely,":[132,217,236],"Bagging":[134],"classifier,":[135],"that":[136,163],"uses":[137],"a":[138,144],"neural":[140],"(DNN)":[142],"base":[145],"estimator.":[146],"Here,":[147],"proposed":[150,178,207,228,257],"training":[153,168],"process":[154],"DNN":[156],"influenced":[158],"by,":[159],"including":[160],"weights":[162],"advocates":[164],"create":[166],"balanced":[167],"subsets":[169],"for":[170],"DNN.":[171],"The":[172,203,223],"desirability":[173],"merit":[175],"approach":[179,208,229,258],"can":[180],"be":[181],"considered":[182],"twofold":[184],"it":[186],"aims":[187],"achieve":[189],"generalization":[190],"along":[191],"addressing":[193],"sets.":[202],"performance":[204],"evaluated":[210],"four":[212],"sets,":[216],"NSL-KDD,":[218],"UNSW_NB-15,":[219],"CIC-IDS-2017,":[220],"BoT-IoT.":[222],"result":[224],"analysis":[225],"illustrated":[231],"evaluation":[234],"metrics,":[235],"accuracy,":[237],"precision,":[238],"recall,":[239],"<inline-formula":[240],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[241],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[242],"<tex-math":[243],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$f$":[244],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[245],"-score,":[246],"false":[248],"positive":[249],"rate":[250],"(FPR).":[251],"results":[254],"also":[260],"statistically":[261],"tested":[262],"Wilcoxon":[264],"signed-rank":[265],"test.":[266]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":67},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":52},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":16}],"updated_date":"2026-07-05T07:55:05.734416","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}