{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4319866204","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3241222","title":"Multiagent Meta-Reinforcement Learning for Optimized Task Scheduling in Heterogeneous Edge Computing Systems","display_name":"Multiagent Meta-Reinforcement Learning for Optimized Task Scheduling in Heterogeneous Edge Computing Systems","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4319866204","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3241222"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2023.3241222","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3241222","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044083934","display_name":"Liwen Niu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1217-1782"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38877650","display_name":"Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liwen Niu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108021189","display_name":"Xianfu Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5485-4955"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87653560","display_name":"VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/04b181w54","country_code":"FI","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089493","https://openalex.org/I87653560"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xianfu Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Oulu, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5485-4955","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87653560"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100404886","display_name":"Ning Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8781-4925"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74413500","display_name":"University of Windsor","ror":"https://ror.org/01gw3d370","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ning Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Windsor, Windsor, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8781-4925","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Windsor, Windsor, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015939251","display_name":"Yongdong Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5420-7926"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123185","display_name":"Zhejiang Lab","ror":"https://ror.org/02m2h7991","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210123185"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongdong Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Network Research, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5420-7926","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Network Research, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123185"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015239198","display_name":"Rui Yin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0252-9664"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0252-9664","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046333931","display_name":"Celimuge Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6853-5878"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20529979","display_name":"University of Electro-Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/02x73b849","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Celimuge Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan","Meta-Networking Research Center, The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6853-5878","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta-Networking Research Center, The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072419341","display_name":"Yangjie Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1170-4340"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38877650","display_name":"Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yangjie Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1170-4340","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.3421,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":40,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96160835,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"12","first_page":"10519","last_page":"10531"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13553","display_name":"Age of Information Optimization","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8591911792755127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.760915994644165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-decision-process","display_name":"Markov decision process","score":0.7223325371742249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.6857271194458008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation-offloading","display_name":"Computation offloading","score":0.6639266610145569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-edge-computing","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","score":0.6561547517776489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.5980197191238403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.5817974209785461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-computing","display_name":"Edge computing","score":0.5714422464370728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.46272245049476624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-process","display_name":"Markov process","score":0.33757153153419495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.2937094569206238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.29084059596061707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2225344181060791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.1939738690853119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.15234887599945068}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8591911792755127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.760915994644165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106189395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176789","display_name":"Markov decision process","level":3,"score":0.7223325371742249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.6857271194458008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781041963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18348618","display_name":"Computation offloading","level":4,"score":0.6639266610145569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776061582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25325231","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","level":3,"score":0.6561547517776489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.5980197191238403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.5817974209785461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.5714422464370728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.46272245049476624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159886148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov process","level":2,"score":0.33757153153419495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.2937094569206238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.29084059596061707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2225344181060791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.1939738690853119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.15234887599945068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2023.3241222","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3241222","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1227963759","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62271438","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2496777954","display_name":"Collaborative information processing platform for vehicular IoT based on federated learning","funder_award_id":"21H03424","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4436601371","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021YFB2900200","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7101822232","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62062031","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7736754070","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"LGG22F010008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338464","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8490082499","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u7fa4\u667a\u878d\u5408\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u4eba\u673a\u534f\u540c\u611f\u77e5\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61972092","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhkn466"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338464","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1771410628","https://openalex.org/W2145339207","https://openalex.org/W2155027007","https://openalex.org/W2195423816","https://openalex.org/W2397723600","https://openalex.org/W2462784749","https://openalex.org/W2487311990","https://openalex.org/W2593769694","https://openalex.org/W2604763608","https://openalex.org/W2624989916","https://openalex.org/W2736601468","https://openalex.org/W2786839822","https://openalex.org/W2854685989","https://openalex.org/W2877910266","https://openalex.org/W2914261331","https://openalex.org/W2962856838","https://openalex.org/W2963334314","https://openalex.org/W2970759804","https://openalex.org/W3002258616","https://openalex.org/W3007087231","https://openalex.org/W3047488480","https://openalex.org/W3047538493","https://openalex.org/W3048965683","https://openalex.org/W3081084450","https://openalex.org/W3087842071","https://openalex.org/W3088729527","https://openalex.org/W3104248904","https://openalex.org/W3109858579","https://openalex.org/W3111750230","https://openalex.org/W3113406384","https://openalex.org/W3123257271","https://openalex.org/W3135497297","https://openalex.org/W3156711202","https://openalex.org/W3185834621","https://openalex.org/W3205123169","https://openalex.org/W3212845011","https://openalex.org/W4210636254","https://openalex.org/W4213075138","https://openalex.org/W4214717370","https://openalex.org/W4221023924","https://openalex.org/W4285137883","https://openalex.org/W6638018090","https://openalex.org/W6683204974","https://openalex.org/W6736057607","https://openalex.org/W6741002519"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4200420173","https://openalex.org/W4378977105","https://openalex.org/W3120617837","https://openalex.org/W3127808443","https://openalex.org/W2916011811","https://openalex.org/W3034137700","https://openalex.org/W4362496467","https://openalex.org/W2896883851","https://openalex.org/W2902693277","https://openalex.org/W2796352555"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Mobile-edge":[0],"computing":[1,122,167],"(MEC)":[2],"brings":[3],"the":[4,8,14,23,35,42,51,60,93,103,107,114,138,156,169,174,194,199],"potential":[5],"to":[6,20,34,92,154,162,178,198],"address":[7],"ever":[9],"increasing":[10],"computation":[11,33,48,64,70,98,110],"demands":[12],"from":[13,173,206],"mobile":[15,46],"users":[16],"(MUs).":[17],"In":[18],"addition":[19],"local":[21],"processing,":[22],"resource-constrained":[24],"MUs":[25,116],"in":[26,57,73,117],"an":[27,131],"MEC":[28,79],"system":[29,83,123,140],"can":[30],"also":[31],"offload":[32],"nearby":[36],"servers":[37],"for":[38],"remote":[39],"execution.":[40],"With":[41],"explosive":[43],"growth":[44],"of":[45,53,63,95,109],"devices,":[47],"offloading":[49],"faces":[50],"challenge":[52],"spectrum":[54,89],"congestion,":[55],"which,":[56],"turn,":[58],"deteriorates":[59],"overall":[61],"quality":[62],"experience.":[65],"This":[66],"article,":[67],"hence,":[68],"investigates":[69],"task":[71,111],"scheduling":[72,112],"a":[74,82,118,125,145,163,187],"heterogeneous":[75,120,165],"cellular":[76],"and":[77,87,97,185],"WiFi":[78],"system.":[80],"Such":[81],"provides":[84],"both":[85],"licensed":[86],"unlicensed":[88],"opportunities.":[90],"Due":[91],"sharing":[94],"communication":[96],"resources":[99],"as":[100,102,124],"well":[101],"uncertainties,":[104],"we":[105,182],"formulate":[106],"problem":[108],"among":[113],"competing":[115],"stationary":[119],"edge":[121,166],"noncooperative":[126],"stochastic":[127],"game.":[128],"We":[129],"propose":[130,186],"approximation-based":[132],"multiagent":[133,146,188],"Markov":[134],"decision":[135],"process":[136],"without":[137],"global":[139],"state":[141],"observations,":[142],"under":[143],"which":[144,191],"proximal":[147],"policy":[148,196],"optimization":[149],"(PPO)":[150],"algorithm":[151,171],"is":[152],"derived":[153],"solve":[155],"corresponding":[157],"Nash":[158],"equilibrium.":[159],"When":[160],"expanding":[161],"nonstationary":[164],"system,":[168],"obtained":[170],"suffers":[172],"slow":[175],"convergence":[176],"due":[177],"constrained":[179],"adaptability.":[180],"Accordingly,":[181],"explore":[183],"meta-learning":[184],"meta-PPO":[189],"algorithm,":[190],"rapidly":[192],"adapts":[193],"control":[195],"learning":[197],"nonstationarity.":[200],"Numerical":[201],"experiments":[202],"demonstrate":[203],"performance":[204],"gains":[205],"our":[207],"proposed":[208],"algorithms.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-19T07:52:34.831488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}