{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4315473426","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3235808","title":"Sparsity-Based Human Activity Recognition With PointNet Using a Portable FMCW Radar","display_name":"Sparsity-Based Human Activity Recognition With PointNet Using a Portable FMCW Radar","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4315473426","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3235808"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2023.3235808","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3235808","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://repository.tudelft.nl/file/File_dcc53a4a-7ba7-4650-ae3a-0e042f711017","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051109366","display_name":"Chuanwei Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5139-5036"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36399199","display_name":"Nanjing University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00xp9wg62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chuanwei Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031212181","display_name":"Li Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4303-5137"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36399199","display_name":"Nanjing University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00xp9wg62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100763973","display_name":"Haoyu Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0676-4610"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36399199","display_name":"Nanjing University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00xp9wg62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haoyu Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064895652","display_name":"Hong Hong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4880-7765"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36399199","display_name":"Nanjing University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00xp9wg62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hong Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081273715","display_name":"Xiaohua Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1316-1295"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36399199","display_name":"Nanjing University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00xp9wg62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaohua Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007936497","display_name":"Francesco Fioranelli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8254-8093"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesco Fioranelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["MS3 Group, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, TU Delft, Delft, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MS3 Group, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, TU Delft, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051109366"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":42.5893,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":56,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99811042,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"11","first_page":"10024","last_page":"10037"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8055283427238464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sparse-approximation","display_name":"Sparse approximation","score":0.6603187322616577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6541945338249207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6244751214981079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-cloud","display_name":"Point cloud","score":0.5650690793991089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5279896259307861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.5238090753555298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encode","display_name":"ENCODE","score":0.5061714053153992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.496977835893631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/doppler-radar","display_name":"Doppler radar","score":0.45788753032684326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.43638092279434204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3386843800544739}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8055283427238464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124066611","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28684319","display_name":"Sparse approximation","level":2,"score":0.6603187322616577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6541945338249207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6244751214981079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131979681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1899648","display_name":"Point cloud","level":2,"score":0.5650690793991089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5279896259307861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5238090753555298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66746571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134833","display_name":"ENCODE","level":3,"score":0.5061714053153992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.496977835893631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778559676","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334213","display_name":"Doppler radar","level":3,"score":0.45788753032684326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.43638092279434204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3386843800544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2023.3235808","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3235808","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:tudelft.nl:uuid:029e6508-92d2-4ba6-a921-f9de8b23c93f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:029e6508-92d2-4ba6-a921-f9de8b23c93f","pdf_url":"https://repository.tudelft.nl/file/File_dcc53a4a-7ba7-4650-ae3a-0e042f711017","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400906","display_name":"Research Repository (Delft University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","host_organization_name":"Delft University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:tudelft.nl:uuid:029e6508-92d2-4ba6-a921-f9de8b23c93f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:029e6508-92d2-4ba6-a921-f9de8b23c93f","pdf_url":"https://repository.tudelft.nl/file/File_dcc53a4a-7ba7-4650-ae3a-0e042f711017","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400906","display_name":"Research Repository (Delft University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","host_organization_name":"Delft University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"journal article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.7200000286102295}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G122543124","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BK20220940","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1371804546","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020YFC2005302","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2966133723","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62201259","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G45643237","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61871224","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7190985244","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BK20220942","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4315473426.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4315473426.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W640945449","https://openalex.org/W1533539416","https://openalex.org/W1994978432","https://openalex.org/W2054780155","https://openalex.org/W2103565703","https://openalex.org/W2127271355","https://openalex.org/W2143612262","https://openalex.org/W2157770256","https://openalex.org/W2166712377","https://openalex.org/W2298692413","https://openalex.org/W2324333583","https://openalex.org/W2560609797","https://openalex.org/W2581555918","https://openalex.org/W2608971679","https://openalex.org/W2746870488","https://openalex.org/W2763207784","https://openalex.org/W2801792401","https://openalex.org/W2884672693","https://openalex.org/W2942065897","https://openalex.org/W2945882749","https://openalex.org/W2947898397","https://openalex.org/W2953842422","https://openalex.org/W2954377489","https://openalex.org/W2965924798","https://openalex.org/W3007034718","https://openalex.org/W3015014633","https://openalex.org/W3039610325","https://openalex.org/W3040807976","https://openalex.org/W3042537365","https://openalex.org/W3091542279","https://openalex.org/W3120599689","https://openalex.org/W3128989612","https://openalex.org/W3134230466","https://openalex.org/W3140872952","https://openalex.org/W3159497806","https://openalex.org/W3190279554","https://openalex.org/W4211158710","https://openalex.org/W4224928198","https://openalex.org/W4226073445","https://openalex.org/W4226502924","https://openalex.org/W4250955649","https://openalex.org/W4285228654","https://openalex.org/W4285278717","https://openalex.org/W4285330072","https://openalex.org/W4285594463","https://openalex.org/W4311413528","https://openalex.org/W6795018884"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2468279273","https://openalex.org/W2354198838","https://openalex.org/W1989130879","https://openalex.org/W2103419012","https://openalex.org/W2988126442","https://openalex.org/W1974414866","https://openalex.org/W2057568687","https://openalex.org/W2063982682","https://openalex.org/W2338543196","https://openalex.org/W1544691147"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Radar-based":[0],"solutions":[1,47,97],"have":[2],"attracted":[3],"great":[4],"attention":[5],"in":[6,14,48,76,102],"human":[7,100,141],"activity":[8,142],"recognition":[9],"(HAR)":[10],"for":[11,58],"their":[12],"advantages":[13],"accuracy,":[15,169],"robustness,":[16],"and":[17,29,70,80,127,139,170],"privacy":[18],"protection.":[19],"The":[20],"conventional":[21],"approaches":[22],"transform":[23],"radar":[24],"signals":[25],"into":[26],"feature":[27,86],"maps":[28],"then":[30],"directly":[31],"process":[32],"them":[33],"as":[34],"visual":[35],"images.":[36],"While":[37],"effective,":[38],"these":[39],"image-based":[40],"methods":[41],"may":[42],"not":[43],"be":[44],"the":[45,55,77,103,125,159],"best":[46],"terms":[49],"of":[50,95,105,148],"representation":[51,120,166],"efficiency":[52],"to":[53,90,98,135,156],"encode":[54],"relevant":[56],"information":[57],"classification.":[59],"This":[60,118],"article":[61],"proposes":[62],"a":[63,92,145,164],"novel":[64],"HAR":[65],"method":[66,161],"combining":[67],"sparse":[68,96,107,114,146],"theory":[69],"PointNet":[71,131],"network,":[72],"with":[73],"both":[74],"operations":[75],"time-Doppler":[78],"(TD)":[79],"range-Doppler":[81],"(RD)":[82],"domains.":[83],"First,":[84],"sparsity-based":[85],"extraction":[87],"is":[88,121],"introduced":[89],"use":[91],"limited":[93],"number":[94],"characterize":[99],"activities":[101],"form":[104],"TD":[106],"point":[108,115,150],"clouds":[109,116],"(TDSP)":[110],"or":[111],"dynamic":[112],"RD":[113],"(DRDSP).":[117],"new":[119],"validated":[122],"by":[123,144],"comparing":[124],"reconstructed":[126],"original":[128],"signals.":[129],"Then,":[130],"networks":[132],"are":[133],"adopted":[134],"summarize":[136],"multidomain":[137],"features":[138],"predict":[140],"labels":[143],"set":[147],"input":[149],"clouds.":[151],"Comprehensive":[152],"experiments":[153],"were":[154],"conducted":[155],"demonstrate":[157],"that":[158],"proposed":[160],"can":[162],"yield":[163],"higher":[165],"efficiency,":[167],"classification":[168],"better":[171],"generalization":[172],"capability":[173],"than":[174],"existing":[175],"ones.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-03-23T07:41:27.035349","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}