{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285300772","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2022.3187965","title":"Someone to Watch Over You: Using Bluetooth Beacons for Alerting Distracted Pedestrians","display_name":"Someone to Watch Over You: Using Bluetooth Beacons for Alerting Distracted Pedestrians","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285300772","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2022.3187965","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36438016"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2022.3187965","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2022.3187965","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9696539","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063946557","display_name":"Raiful Hasan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1374-0724"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32389192","display_name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/008s83205","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32389192"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raiful Hasan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1374-0724","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32389192"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022858345","display_name":"Mohammad Aminul Hoque","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9180-0577"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32389192","display_name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/008s83205","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32389192"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Aminul Hoque","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9180-0577","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32389192"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063504206","display_name":"Yasser Karim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32389192","display_name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/008s83205","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32389192"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yasser Karim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32389192"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081124832","display_name":"Russell Griffin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5004-7996"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32389192","display_name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/008s83205","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32389192"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Russell Griffin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32389192"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051083926","display_name":"David C. Schwebel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2141-8970"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32389192","display_name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/008s83205","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32389192"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David C. Schwebel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2141-8970","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32389192"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076460405","display_name":"Ragib Hasan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5248-8341"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32389192","display_name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/008s83205","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32389192"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ragib Hasan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5248-8341","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32389192"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32389192"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0202,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84650504,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"22","first_page":"23017","last_page":"23030"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10370","display_name":"Traffic and Road Safety","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10370","display_name":"Traffic and Road Safety","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11500","display_name":"Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9883999824523926,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distraction","display_name":"Distraction","score":0.8416252136230469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedestrian","display_name":"Pedestrian","score":0.7583166360855103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beacon","display_name":"Beacon","score":0.7443397641181946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distracted-driving","display_name":"Distracted driving","score":0.7325501441955566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bluetooth","display_name":"Bluetooth","score":0.6544567942619324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6349833011627197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intersection","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","score":0.4910416603088379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4373435378074646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.25114086270332336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.19739806652069092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.1787092685699463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16056543588638306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.14813080430030823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1351148784160614}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776378700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3030775","display_name":"Distraction","level":2,"score":0.8416252136230469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777113093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221488","display_name":"Pedestrian","level":2,"score":0.7583166360855103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102168758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7321258","display_name":"Beacon","level":2,"score":0.7443397641181946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776465824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283083","display_name":"Distracted driving","level":3,"score":0.7325501441955566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C546215728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39531","display_name":"Bluetooth","level":3,"score":0.6544567942619324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6349833011627197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64543145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162942","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.4910416603088379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4373435378074646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.25114086270332336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.19739806652069092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.1787092685699463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16056543588638306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.14813080430030823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1351148784160614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2022.3187965","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2022.3187965","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36438016","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36438016","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE internet of things journal","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9696539","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9696539","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet Things J","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9696539","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9696539","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet Things J","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7200000286102295,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3002610275","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ECCS-1952090","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5406831343","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ACI-1642078","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7368533667","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R21HD095270","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337611","funder_display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7879389600","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R21 HD095270","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337611","funder_display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8553934906","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-1351038","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8633903578","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DGE-1723768","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337611","display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","ror":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1592937321","https://openalex.org/W1768994003","https://openalex.org/W1966120703","https://openalex.org/W1981459265","https://openalex.org/W1985103355","https://openalex.org/W1985602684","https://openalex.org/W1989682839","https://openalex.org/W2016215478","https://openalex.org/W2016671390","https://openalex.org/W2034091590","https://openalex.org/W2048907591","https://openalex.org/W2056407410","https://openalex.org/W2059001131","https://openalex.org/W2067831172","https://openalex.org/W2082422581","https://openalex.org/W2088252378","https://openalex.org/W2090340221","https://openalex.org/W2105431345","https://openalex.org/W2135698944","https://openalex.org/W2155323962","https://openalex.org/W2168999506","https://openalex.org/W2329456586","https://openalex.org/W2571648331","https://openalex.org/W2597871692","https://openalex.org/W2601803760","https://openalex.org/W2886563855","https://openalex.org/W2888917705","https://openalex.org/W2908397118","https://openalex.org/W2942922499","https://openalex.org/W2963054777","https://openalex.org/W2963423786","https://openalex.org/W2978128677","https://openalex.org/W3000659756","https://openalex.org/W3003184959","https://openalex.org/W3024337461","https://openalex.org/W3109360409","https://openalex.org/W3159722971","https://openalex.org/W3160317559","https://openalex.org/W3172545164","https://openalex.org/W4225847518","https://openalex.org/W4400654159","https://openalex.org/W6638045046","https://openalex.org/W6768563626"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4313213593","https://openalex.org/W2518860590","https://openalex.org/W3136975152","https://openalex.org/W626594146","https://openalex.org/W2051187670","https://openalex.org/W2946368029","https://openalex.org/W2891960815","https://openalex.org/W2169604921","https://openalex.org/W2891012803","https://openalex.org/W3134108314"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"the":[1,20,47,126,141,152],"United":[2],"States,":[3],"an":[4],"estimated":[5],"7,005":[6],"(crude":[7],"rate":[8],"2.13)":[9],"pedestrians":[10,60,77,107],"were":[11],"killed":[12],"in":[13,16,149],"traffic":[14,90],"crashes":[15],"2020,":[17],"according":[18],"to":[19,112,151],"Centers":[21],"for":[22,46],"Disease":[23],"Control":[24],"and":[25,34,53,61,108,121,146],"Prevention":[26],"(CDC).":[27],"This":[28],"statistic":[29],"is":[30],"currently":[31],"increasing":[32,48],"annually":[33],"research":[35],"suggests":[36],"that":[37,74,99,140],"distraction":[38],"by":[39,94,100],"smartphones":[40],"may":[41,57],"be":[42],"a":[43,70,79,87,132],"primary":[44],"reason":[45],"number":[49],"of":[50,128],"pedestrian":[51],"injuries":[52],"deaths.":[54],"Timely":[55],"interruptions":[56],"alert":[58],"inattentive":[59],"prevent":[62],"fatalities.":[63],"To":[64,124],"this":[65],"end,":[66],"we":[67,103,130],"developed":[68],"StreetBit,":[69,102,129],"Bluetooth":[71],"beacon-based":[72],"system":[73,142],"warns":[75],"distracted":[76,93,106],"with":[78,135],"visual":[80],"and/or":[81],"audible":[82],"interruption":[83],"when":[84,118],"they":[85,119],"approach":[86],"potentially":[88],"dangerous":[89],"intersection":[91],"while":[92],"their":[95],"smartphones.":[96],"We":[97],"posit":[98],"using":[101],"can":[104],"educate":[105],"elicit":[109],"behavioral":[110],"change":[111,148],"reduce":[113],"or":[114],"remove":[115],"smartphone-based":[116],"distractions":[117],"enter":[120],"cross":[122],"roadways.":[123],"demonstrate":[125],"feasibility":[127,145],"conducted":[131],"field":[133],"study":[134],"385":[136],"participants.":[137],"Results":[138],"show":[139],"demonstrates":[143],"adequate":[144],"behavior":[147],"response":[150],"StreetBit":[153],"program.":[154]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
