{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285114650","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2022.3182633","title":"Deep-Reinforcement-Learning-Based Drone Base Station Deployment for Wireless Communication Services","display_name":"Deep-Reinforcement-Learning-Based Drone Base Station Deployment for Wireless Communication Services","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285114650","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2022.3182633"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2022.3182633","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2022.3182633","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031808873","display_name":"Getaneh Berie Tarekegn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5501-9871"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118292597","display_name":"National Taipei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00cn92c09","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118292597"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Getaneh Berie Tarekegn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5501-9871","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118292597"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081278677","display_name":"Rong\u2010Terng Juang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9965-2396"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4880106","display_name":"Feng Chia University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vhczg54","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4880106"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rong-Terng Juang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9965-2396","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4880106"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085911437","display_name":"Hsin\u2010Piao Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4575-516X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118292597","display_name":"National Taipei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00cn92c09","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118292597"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hsin-Piao Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4575-516X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118292597"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004093849","display_name":"Yirga Yayeh Munaye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6057-9622"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57092466","display_name":"Bahir Dar University","ror":"https://ror.org/01670bg46","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57092466"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yirga Yayeh Munaye","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computing, Bahir Dar Institute of Technology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6057-9622","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computing, Bahir Dar Institute of Technology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57092466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100661626","display_name":"Li\u2010Chun Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7883-6217"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li-Chun Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7883-6217","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009650835","display_name":"Mekuanint Agegnehu Bitew","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8970-5768"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57092466","display_name":"Bahir Dar University","ror":"https://ror.org/01670bg46","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57092466"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mekuanint Agegnehu Bitew","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computing, Bahir Dar Institute of Technology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8970-5768","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computing, Bahir Dar Institute of Technology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57092466"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":30.5295,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":53,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99556522,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"21","first_page":"21899","last_page":"21915"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.73380446434021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.6269910931587219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.5903659462928772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drone","display_name":"Drone","score":0.5875856280326843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.49979281425476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4848431348800659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.4684966206550598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4677676558494568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.41191691160202026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3322691321372986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3179699778556824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.11828428506851196}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.73380446434021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.6269910931587219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.5903659462928772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59519942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q650665","display_name":"Drone","level":2,"score":0.5875856280326843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.49979281425476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4848431348800659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.4684966206550598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4677676558494568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.41191691160202026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3322691321372986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3179699778556824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11828428506851196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2022.3182633","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2022.3182633","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4033089518","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"110-2221-E-027- 033-MY2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5770291622","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"109-2222-E-035-003-MY2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","ror":"https://ror.org/02kv4zf79"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W41554520","https://openalex.org/W2031834036","https://openalex.org/W2129068172","https://openalex.org/W2188632578","https://openalex.org/W2261198379","https://openalex.org/W2559744077","https://openalex.org/W2754349741","https://openalex.org/W2886509985","https://openalex.org/W2898035736","https://openalex.org/W2907080366","https://openalex.org/W2910072269","https://openalex.org/W2918636900","https://openalex.org/W2922273628","https://openalex.org/W2952566294","https://openalex.org/W2952736579","https://openalex.org/W2953948844","https://openalex.org/W2962883549","https://openalex.org/W2962889437","https://openalex.org/W2963409179","https://openalex.org/W2963569053","https://openalex.org/W2964310887","https://openalex.org/W2967004037","https://openalex.org/W2980338210","https://openalex.org/W3007091509","https://openalex.org/W3012987291","https://openalex.org/W3036182692","https://openalex.org/W3038366466","https://openalex.org/W3082622020","https://openalex.org/W3088743736","https://openalex.org/W3090573937","https://openalex.org/W3100862578","https://openalex.org/W3102527375","https://openalex.org/W3104026632","https://openalex.org/W3105610356","https://openalex.org/W3190364832","https://openalex.org/W3204187047","https://openalex.org/W4206958537","https://openalex.org/W6686819357","https://openalex.org/W6941539926"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4229448053","https://openalex.org/W4247925126","https://openalex.org/W4327774218","https://openalex.org/W2059768187","https://openalex.org/W4312858960","https://openalex.org/W4386036939","https://openalex.org/W4379143281","https://openalex.org/W2605096541","https://openalex.org/W3200286695","https://openalex.org/W4386322305"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Over":[0],"the":[1,18,41,46,96,103,130,151,154,167,189],"last":[2],"few":[3],"years,":[4],"drone":[5,64],"base":[6],"station":[7],"(DBS)":[8],"technology":[9],"has":[10],"been":[11],"recognized":[12],"as":[13],"a":[14,57,87,116,137,184],"promising":[15],"solution":[16],"to":[17,28,48,75,95,128,149,159],"problem":[19],"of":[20,45,99,105,153,176],"network":[21,53,80,120,172,181],"design":[22,72],"for":[23,63,82],"wireless":[24],"communication":[25,77,178],"systems,":[26],"due":[27],"its":[29],"highly":[30],"flexible":[31],"deployment":[32],"and":[33,52,59,79,180],"dynamic":[34,58,185],"mobility":[35,43,65],"features.":[36],"This":[37],"article":[38],"focuses":[39],"on":[40],"3-D":[42],"control":[44,61,150],"DBS":[47,155],"boost":[49],"transmission":[50],"coverage":[51,78,179],"connectivity.":[54],"We":[55],"propose":[56],"scalable":[60],"strategy":[62],"using":[66],"deep":[67,138],"reinforcement":[68],"learning":[69],"(DRL).":[70],"The":[71,90],"goal":[73],"is":[74,109,126,147],"maximize":[76],"connectivity":[81],"multiple":[83],"real-time":[84],"users":[85],"over":[86],"time":[88],"horizon.":[89],"proposed":[91,168],"method":[92,169],"functions":[93],"according":[94],"received":[97],"signals":[98],"mobile":[100],"users,":[101],"without":[102],"information":[104],"user":[106,161],"locations.":[107],"It":[108],"divided":[110],"into":[111],"two":[112],"hierarchical":[113],"stages.":[114],"First,":[115],"time-series":[117],"convolutional":[118],"neural":[119],"(CNN)-based":[121],"link":[122,131],"quality":[123,132],"estimation":[124],"model":[125],"used":[127],"determine":[129],"at":[133],"each":[134],"timeslot.":[135],"Second,":[136],"<inline-formula":[139,190],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[140,191],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[141,192],"<tex-math":[142,193],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$Q$":[143,194],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[144,195],"-learning":[145,196],"algorithm":[146],"applied":[148],"movement":[152],"in":[156,174,183],"hotspot":[157],"areas":[158],"meet":[160],"requirements.":[162],"Simulation":[163],"results":[164],"show":[165],"that":[166],"achieves":[170],"significant":[171],"performance":[173],"terms":[175],"both":[177],"throughput":[182],"environment,":[186],"compared":[187],"with":[188],"algorithm.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
