{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4206963665","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2022.3145845","title":"A Numerical Splitting and Adaptive Privacy Budget-Allocation-Based LDP Mechanism for Privacy Preservation in Blockchain-Powered IoT","display_name":"A Numerical Splitting and Adaptive Privacy Budget-Allocation-Based LDP Mechanism for Privacy Preservation in Blockchain-Powered IoT","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4206963665","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2022.3145845"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2022.3145845","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2022.3145845","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100324043","display_name":"Kai Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2079-6133"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57093077","display_name":"Swinburne University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/031rekg67","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57093077"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2079-6133","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57093077"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102958590","display_name":"Jiao Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6159-4525"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57093077","display_name":"Swinburne University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/031rekg67","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57093077"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiao Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57093077"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063086733","display_name":"Hongwang Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7118-1038"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57093077","display_name":"Swinburne University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/031rekg67","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57093077"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongwang Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57093077"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101645725","display_name":"Ying Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9563-7519"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57093077","display_name":"Swinburne University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/031rekg67","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57093077"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57093077"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082530210","display_name":"Wenyu Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0324-1024"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57093077","display_name":"Swinburne University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/031rekg67","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57093077"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenyu Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57093077"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101808353","display_name":"Jinjun Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1677-9525"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57093077","display_name":"Swinburne University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/031rekg67","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57093077"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinjun Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1677-9525","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57093077"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57093077"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":21.2566,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":167,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99578312,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"8","first_page":"6733","last_page":"6741"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8701404333114624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential-privacy","display_name":"Differential privacy","score":0.6037881374359131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-privacy","display_name":"Information privacy","score":0.5015218257904053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upload","display_name":"Upload","score":0.48932358622550964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.36980193853378296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.35637950897216797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.28353452682495117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.24762621521949768}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8701404333114624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23130292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5275358","display_name":"Differential privacy","level":2,"score":0.6037881374359131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.5015218257904053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71901391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7126699","display_name":"Upload","level":2,"score":0.48932358622550964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.36980193853378296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.35637950897216797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.28353452682495117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.24762621521949768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2022.3145845","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2022.3145845","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4399999976158142,"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1873763122","https://openalex.org/W2053801139","https://openalex.org/W2096870293","https://openalex.org/W2151320232","https://openalex.org/W2421389337","https://openalex.org/W2898509207","https://openalex.org/W2899800109","https://openalex.org/W2918245750","https://openalex.org/W2926987861","https://openalex.org/W2980494508","https://openalex.org/W2995782542","https://openalex.org/W3010501990","https://openalex.org/W3025413549","https://openalex.org/W3036551898","https://openalex.org/W3043744241","https://openalex.org/W3048258432","https://openalex.org/W3051272477","https://openalex.org/W3089096050","https://openalex.org/W3095323142","https://openalex.org/W3098532907","https://openalex.org/W3128171157","https://openalex.org/W3130357311","https://openalex.org/W3132211075","https://openalex.org/W3136901928","https://openalex.org/W3152556704","https://openalex.org/W3155479913"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3038283795","https://openalex.org/W2604501336","https://openalex.org/W2734500670","https://openalex.org/W2558166297","https://openalex.org/W2315671126","https://openalex.org/W798507144","https://openalex.org/W2964481303","https://openalex.org/W2944823289","https://openalex.org/W2571704763","https://openalex.org/W1751413323"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Blockchain":[0],"has":[1],"gradually":[2],"attracted":[3],"widespread":[4],"attention":[5],"from":[6],"the":[7,11,40,54,87,97,100,112,167,176,184,192,197,205,217,236,239],"research":[8],"community":[9],"of":[10,62,102,179,207,238],"IoT,":[12],"due":[13],"to":[14,37,75,86,134,164,203,242],"its":[15],"decentralization,":[16],"consistency,":[17],"and":[18,25,110,139,153,182,199,226],"other":[19],"attributes.":[20],"It":[21],"builds":[22],"a":[23,30,72,103,121,130,149],"secure":[24],"robust":[26],"system":[27],"by":[28,142],"generating":[29],"backup":[31],"locally":[32],"for":[33,170],"each":[34],"participant":[35],"node":[36],"collectively":[38],"maintain":[39],"network.":[41],"However,":[42],"this":[43,77],"feature":[44],"brings":[45],"some":[46],"privacy":[47,67,114,168,201,229],"concerns":[48],"since":[49,99],"all":[50],"nodes":[51],"can":[52,70,233],"access":[53],"chain":[55],"data,":[56],"users\u2019":[57],"sensitive":[58],"information":[59],"under":[60,196],"risk":[61],"leakage.":[63],"The":[64,212],"local":[65],"differential":[66],"(LDP)":[68],"mechanism":[69,133,220],"be":[71],"promising":[73],"way":[74],"address":[76],"issue":[78],"as":[79,191],"it":[80],"implements":[81],"data":[82,108,138,155,181,185,245],"perturbation":[83,141,172,240],"before":[84],"uploading":[85],"chain.":[88],"While":[89],"traditional":[90],"LDP":[91,132,210,219],"mechanisms":[92],"cannot":[93],"fit":[94],"well":[95],"with":[96],"blockchain":[98],"requirements":[101],"fixed":[104,150],"input":[105,136,151],"range,":[106],"large":[107,154],"volume,":[109],"using":[111],"same":[113,198],"budget,":[115],"which":[116,145],"are":[117],"practically":[118],"difficult":[119],"in":[120,223],"decentralized":[122],"environment.":[123],"To":[124],"overcome":[125],"these":[126],"problems,":[127],"we":[128,159],"propose":[129],"novel":[131,209],"split":[135],"numerical":[137],"implement":[140],"digital":[143],"bits,":[144],"does":[146],"not":[147],"require":[148],"range":[152],"volume.":[156],"In":[157],"addition,":[158],"use":[160],"an":[161],"iteration":[162],"approach":[163],"adaptively":[165],"allocate":[166],"budget":[169,230],"different":[171,224],"procedures":[173],"that":[174,216],"minimize":[175],"total":[177],"deviation":[178,237],"perturbed":[180],"increase":[183],"utility.":[186],"We":[187],"employ":[188],"mean":[189],"estimation":[190],"statistical":[193],"utility":[194,246],"metric":[195],"randomized":[200],"budgets":[202],"evaluate":[204],"performance":[206],"our":[208,227],"mechanism.":[211],"experiment":[213],"results":[214],"indicate":[215],"proposed":[218],"performs":[221],"better":[222],"scenarios,":[225],"adaptive":[228],"allocation":[231],"model":[232],"significantly":[234],"reduce":[235],"function":[241],"provide":[243],"high":[244],"while":[247],"maintaining":[248],"privacy.":[249]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":50},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":38}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}