{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3204985658","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2021.3120744","title":"ESCVAD: An Energy-Saving Routing Protocol Based on Voronoi Adaptive Clustering for Wireless Sensor Networks","display_name":"ESCVAD: An Energy-Saving Routing Protocol Based on Voronoi Adaptive Clustering for Wireless Sensor Networks","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3204985658","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2021.3120744","mag":"3204985658"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2021.3120744","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2021.3120744","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019232732","display_name":"Ning Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9882-1525"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ning Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Communication Engineering Institution, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9882-1525","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Communication Engineering Institution, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100438460","display_name":"Hang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6797-4948"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Communication Engineering Institution, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6797-4948","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Communication Engineering Institution, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038155012","display_name":"Hang Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5391-010X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104252","display_name":"Air Force Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/00seraz22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hang Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information and Navigation College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5391-010X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information and Navigation College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054029406","display_name":"Yuan Qin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9606-5137"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Qin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Communication Engineering Institution, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9606-5137","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Communication Engineering Institution, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019232732"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.4478,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":83,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98285694,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"11","first_page":"9071","last_page":"9085"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11498","display_name":"Security in Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9865999817848206,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8093169927597046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.7694791555404663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.6961144804954529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.6061526536941528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.598015308380127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.5954316854476929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voronoi-diagram","display_name":"Voronoi diagram","score":0.5914096236228943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zone-routing-protocol","display_name":"Zone Routing Protocol","score":0.553066611289978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-routing-protocol","display_name":"Wireless Routing Protocol","score":0.5199681520462036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4962685704231262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchical-routing","display_name":"Hierarchical routing","score":0.4707765281200409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.30364832282066345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12134000658988953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.06492358446121216}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8093169927597046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.7694791555404663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.6961144804954529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6061526536941528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.598015308380127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.5954316854476929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24881265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757267","display_name":"Voronoi diagram","level":2,"score":0.5914096236228943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189884158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8073926","display_name":"Zone Routing Protocol","level":5,"score":0.553066611289978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47318570","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8026863","display_name":"Wireless Routing Protocol","level":4,"score":0.5199681520462036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4962685704231262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177818476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12878103","display_name":"Hierarchical routing","level":5,"score":0.4707765281200409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.30364832282066345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12134000658988953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.06492358446121216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2021.3120744","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2021.3120744","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9100000262260437}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8246254530","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61671475","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8250243016","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61901509","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W191798040","https://openalex.org/W1505113810","https://openalex.org/W1981501203","https://openalex.org/W2015751084","https://openalex.org/W2019756614","https://openalex.org/W2022203224","https://openalex.org/W2047591727","https://openalex.org/W2106335692","https://openalex.org/W2111075016","https://openalex.org/W2289621671","https://openalex.org/W2416084035","https://openalex.org/W2550253635","https://openalex.org/W2597646183","https://openalex.org/W2626308730","https://openalex.org/W2736209003","https://openalex.org/W2752415156","https://openalex.org/W2775141071","https://openalex.org/W2775371791","https://openalex.org/W2789752096","https://openalex.org/W2808121573","https://openalex.org/W2891991302","https://openalex.org/W2898842693","https://openalex.org/W2901764616","https://openalex.org/W2907211243","https://openalex.org/W2921791359","https://openalex.org/W2941329299","https://openalex.org/W2963071325","https://openalex.org/W2971207668","https://openalex.org/W2973047729","https://openalex.org/W2976242918","https://openalex.org/W2978200368","https://openalex.org/W2996943723","https://openalex.org/W3002229880","https://openalex.org/W3003183493","https://openalex.org/W3019147771","https://openalex.org/W3096033863","https://openalex.org/W3156456874","https://openalex.org/W6607791425","https://openalex.org/W6655733758"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2546592407","https://openalex.org/W2011277702","https://openalex.org/W3013815701","https://openalex.org/W3022598921","https://openalex.org/W4309395325","https://openalex.org/W1680412704","https://openalex.org/W2544170366","https://openalex.org/W2145414295","https://openalex.org/W1593279778","https://openalex.org/W2083498145"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"excellent":[1],"routing":[2,34,57,153],"protocol":[3,81,100,163,167,172],"is":[4,129],"important":[5],"for":[6,40,207],"wireless":[7],"sensor":[8],"network":[9,43,62,200,213],"(WSN)":[10],"construction":[11],"and":[12,24,45,69,111,120,140,164,179,198,215],"efficient":[13],"data":[14],"transmission.":[15],"With":[16],"the":[17,21,27,31,41,46,103,133,151,169,176,194,199,204,211],"continuous":[18],"expansion":[19],"of":[20,26,29,49,55,72,98,126],"application":[22],"scenarios":[23],"scopes":[25],"Internet":[28],"Things,":[30],"existing":[32,56],"WSN":[33],"protocols":[35,206],"are":[36],"no":[37],"longer":[38],"suitable":[39],"complex":[42],"structure":[44],"huge":[47],"demands":[48],"communications.":[50],"Aiming":[51],"at":[52],"these":[53],"issues":[54],"protocols,":[58,154],"such":[59,155],"as":[60,156,185],"short":[61],"lifetime":[63,201,214],"caused":[64],"by":[65,90],"high":[66],"energy":[67,121,134,158,166,195,216],"consumption":[68,135,196],"uneven":[70],"distribution":[71],"surviving":[73],"nodes,":[74],"this":[75],"article":[76],"proposes":[77],"an":[78],"energy-saving":[79,88],"clustering":[80,89,105,160,177],"based":[82,107,117],"on":[83,108,118],"adaptive":[84,92,104,159],"Voronoi":[85,91,109],"dividing,":[86],"named":[87],"dividing":[93,110],"(ESCVAD)":[94],"protocol.":[95],"The":[96,124,144],"innovation":[97],"ESCVAD":[99,171,209],"lies":[101],"in":[102,193],"algorithm":[106,116],"cluster":[112,137,141,180],"head":[113,138,181],"election":[114],"optimization":[115],"distance":[119],"comprehensive":[122],"weighting.":[123],"advantage":[125],"proposed":[127,170],"algorithms":[128],"effectively":[130,174],"to":[131,186],"balance":[132],"between":[136],"nodes":[139],"member":[142],"nodes.":[143],"simulation":[145],"results":[146],"show":[147],"that,":[148],"compared":[149],"with":[150],"traditional":[152],"low":[157],"hierarchy":[161],"(LEACH)":[162],"stable":[165],"(SEP),":[168],"can":[173],"reduce":[175,187],"frequency":[178],"electing":[182],"frequency,":[183,190],"so":[184],"signaling":[188],"interaction":[189],"finally":[191],"result":[192],"down":[197],"up.":[202],"Among":[203],"six":[205],"comparation,":[208],"has":[210],"best":[212],"efficiency.":[217]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-05-02T08:42:23.175194","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
