{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3197545540","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2021.3108894","title":"Beamforming Design Based on Two-Stage Stochastic Optimization for RIS-Assisted Over-the-Air Computation Systems","display_name":"Beamforming Design Based on Two-Stage Stochastic Optimization for RIS-Assisted Over-the-Air Computation Systems","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-08-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3197545540","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2021.3108894","mag":"3197545540"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2021.3108894","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2021.3108894","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/451138/1/Final_version.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083245855","display_name":"Xiongfei Zhai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4582-1577"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139024713","display_name":"Guangdong University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04azbjn80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiongfei Zhai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101882476","display_name":"Guojun Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2480-8066"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139024713","display_name":"Guangdong University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04azbjn80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guojun Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034376590","display_name":"Yunlong Cai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9418-1700"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunlong Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091122305","display_name":"Lajos Hanzo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2636-5214"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lajos Hanzo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083245855"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5403,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89846196,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"7","first_page":"5474","last_page":"5488"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.854691207408905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7810507416725159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.6403288841247559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.5454545617103577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-state-information","display_name":"Channel state information","score":0.48107099533081055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.45230722427368164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.4520091116428375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.44065141677856445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.43917155265808105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3546159565448761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.34919285774230957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3243831396102905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1765425205230713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12187281250953674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10703900456428528}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.854691207408905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7810507416725159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6403288841247559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.5454545617103577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148063708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072511","display_name":"Channel state information","level":3,"score":0.48107099533081055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.45230722427368164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.4520091116428375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.44065141677856445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.43917155265808105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3546159565448761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.34919285774230957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3243831396102905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1765425205230713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12187281250953674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10703900456428528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2021.3108894","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2021.3108894","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.soton.ac.uk:451138","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2021.3108894>).","pdf_url":"https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/451138/1/Final_version.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401020","display_name":"ePrints Soton (University of Southampton)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","host_organization_name":"University of Southampton","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.soton.ac.uk:451138","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2021.3108894>).","pdf_url":"https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/451138/1/Final_version.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401020","display_name":"ePrints Soton (University of Southampton)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","host_organization_name":"University of Southampton","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1032414495","display_name":"Converged Optical and Wireless Access Networks (COALESCE)","funder_award_id":"EP/P003990/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1121271761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1231421488","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"under","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1477544716","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Guangdong","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1505022711","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/P003990/1 (COALESCE)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1934935867","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Engineering and Physical Sciences R","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1972339859","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/P034284/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2394373749","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"789028","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334678","funder_display_name":"European Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2422336959","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/P003990/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2544329817","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"789028","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2802911279","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Young","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2937299307","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61971376","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3011155338","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"202102","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3085993365","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"(Grant No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3505119546","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20210202","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G442922040","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"LR19F010002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338464","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4532737952","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"COALESCE","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5939423041","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Technology","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5991684347","display_name":"New Air Interface Techniques for Future Massive Machine-Type Communications","funder_award_id":"EP/P034284/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G599531952","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U2001203","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6110245451","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61831004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7033253288","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grants","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7726157001","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8208342437","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1 and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8244040654","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61871136","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8719353587","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/P0","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334678","display_name":"European Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0472cxd90"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338464","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3197545540.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1561759234","https://openalex.org/W1895366383","https://openalex.org/W1973851222","https://openalex.org/W1975099099","https://openalex.org/W2005196269","https://openalex.org/W2079836048","https://openalex.org/W2083632855","https://openalex.org/W2117125933","https://openalex.org/W2122621581","https://openalex.org/W2127401968","https://openalex.org/W2139787801","https://openalex.org/W2140227342","https://openalex.org/W2149463165","https://openalex.org/W2169369793","https://openalex.org/W2172236196","https://openalex.org/W2342476134","https://openalex.org/W2343448572","https://openalex.org/W2596636257","https://openalex.org/W2861117319","https://openalex.org/W2945534522","https://openalex.org/W2948226226","https://openalex.org/W2950077417","https://openalex.org/W2950790100","https://openalex.org/W2955126943","https://openalex.org/W2963121727","https://openalex.org/W2968389137","https://openalex.org/W2968810373","https://openalex.org/W2969424089","https://openalex.org/W2969750416","https://openalex.org/W2971912794","https://openalex.org/W2990747873","https://openalex.org/W2995554704","https://openalex.org/W2996961035","https://openalex.org/W2999647825","https://openalex.org/W3004201425","https://openalex.org/W3009554119","https://openalex.org/W3010969854","https://openalex.org/W3011149292","https://openalex.org/W3011747750","https://openalex.org/W3027958081","https://openalex.org/W3028318515","https://openalex.org/W3036056878","https://openalex.org/W3038534820","https://openalex.org/W3047465037","https://openalex.org/W3047532379","https://openalex.org/W3048433592","https://openalex.org/W3083094609","https://openalex.org/W3089248281","https://openalex.org/W3114277655","https://openalex.org/W3120117232","https://openalex.org/W3126184779","https://openalex.org/W3152015117","https://openalex.org/W3152626604","https://openalex.org/W4250589301"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2963170046","https://openalex.org/W2088352174","https://openalex.org/W4286695888","https://openalex.org/W3084132786","https://openalex.org/W4327661444","https://openalex.org/W2161061958","https://openalex.org/W2034991012","https://openalex.org/W2800473611","https://openalex.org/W4200589288","https://openalex.org/W1967286561"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Over-the-air":[0],"computation":[1,147],"(AirComp)":[2],"has":[3],"been":[4],"recognized":[5],"as":[6],"a":[7,108],"promising":[8],"technique":[9],"of":[10,31,72,78,98,120,135,208,217,230],"enabling":[11],"the":[12,18,28,37,43,63,69,75,85,96,105,117,123,128,131,136,145,164,170,175,187,195,202,205,209,215,228,231,238],"fusion":[13],"center":[14],"(FC)":[15],"to":[16,48,82,92,143],"aggregate":[17],"data":[19],"gleaned":[20],"from":[21],"massive":[22],"distributed":[23],"wireless":[24],"devices":[25],"(WDs).":[26],"Nevertheless,":[27],"computational":[29,70,206],"performance":[30,71,229],"AirComp":[32,80],"is":[33,101,113,224],"significantly":[34],"affected":[35],"by":[36,237],"potentially":[38],"poor":[39],"channel":[40,87,196],"conditions":[41],"between":[42],"WDs":[44],"and":[45,130,168,204],"FC":[46],"due":[47],"physical":[49],"obstacles.":[50],"For":[51],"mitigating":[52],"this":[53],"limitation,":[54],"we":[55,162,185,199],"employ":[56],"reconfigurable":[57],"intelligent":[58],"surfaces":[59],"(RISs)":[60],"for":[61],"enhancing":[62],"reception":[64],"quality":[65],"and,":[66],"thus,":[67],"improve":[68],"AirComp.":[73],"Moreover,":[74],"previous":[76],"studies":[77],"RIS-assisted":[79],"tend":[81],"rely":[83],"on":[84,174,194],"real-time":[86,176,241],"state":[88],"information":[89],"(CSI),":[90],"leading":[91],"excessive":[93],"overhead":[94],"since":[95],"number":[97],"RIS":[99,137,190],"elements":[100],"large.":[102],"To":[103],"mitigate":[104],"above":[106],"issue,":[107],"mixed-timescale":[109],"penalty-dual-decomposition":[110],"(MTPDD)":[111],"algorithm":[112,233],"proposed,":[114],"in":[115,182],"which":[116],"transmit":[118,166],"power":[119,167],"each":[121,159,183],"WD,":[122],"receive":[124,169],"beamforming":[125,133,171,191,221],"vector":[126,172],"at":[127,158],"FC,":[129],"passive":[132,189],"matrix":[134,192],"are":[138],"jointly":[139],"optimized.":[140],"We":[141],"aim":[142],"minimize":[144],"average":[146],"mean-squared":[148],"error":[149],"(MSE)":[150],"over":[151],"time":[152,160],"with":[153,244],"reduced":[154,245],"signaling":[155],"overhead.":[156,247],"Specifically,":[157],"slot,":[161],"optimize":[163],"short-term":[165],"based":[173,193],"low-dimensional":[177],"CSI":[178,243],"vectors.":[179],"In":[180],"contrast,":[181],"frame,":[184],"update":[186],"long-term":[188],"statistics.":[197],"Besides,":[198],"analyzed":[200],"both":[201],"convergence":[203],"complexity":[207],"proposed":[210,219],"algorithms.":[211],"Simulation":[212],"results":[213],"verify":[214],"benefits":[216],"our":[218],"MTPDD":[220,232],"algorithm.":[222],"It":[223],"also":[225],"shown":[226],"that":[227,235],"approaches":[234],"achieved":[236],"scheme":[239],"using":[240],"perfect":[242],"signal":[246]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-04-13T07:58:08.660418","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}