{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3177031265","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2021.3093116","title":"Joint Trajectory Design and BS Association for Cellular-Connected UAV: An Imitation-Augmented Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach","display_name":"Joint Trajectory Design and BS Association for Cellular-Connected UAV: An Imitation-Augmented Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3177031265","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2021.3093116","mag":"3177031265"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2021.3093116","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2021.3093116","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079096928","display_name":"Yu\u2010Jia Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7563-4073"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22265921","display_name":"National Central University","ror":"https://ror.org/00944ve71","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22265921"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yu-Jia Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communication Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communication Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22265921"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101493939","display_name":"Dayu Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1275-3512"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22265921","display_name":"National Central University","ror":"https://ror.org/00944ve71","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22265921"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Da-Yu Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communication Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communication Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22265921"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079096928"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22265921"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.56,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98389266,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"4","first_page":"2843","last_page":"2858"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10249","display_name":"Distributed Control Multi-Agent Systems","score":0.932699978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9257000088691711,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7701733708381653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.7361623048782349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trajectory","display_name":"Trajectory","score":0.7128404378890991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.6746506690979004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/association","display_name":"Association (psychology)","score":0.5324648022651672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.5064047574996948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.47948986291885376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4668327867984772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-network","display_name":"Cellular network","score":0.4659598469734192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4361341595649719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.39014291763305664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.14157643914222717}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7701733708381653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.7361623048782349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13662910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193139","display_name":"Trajectory","level":2,"score":0.7128404378890991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.6746506690979004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142853389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744778","display_name":"Association (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5324648022651672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.5064047574996948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.47948986291885376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4668327867984772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.4659598469734192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4361341595649719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.39014291763305664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.14157643914222717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2021.3093116","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2021.3093116","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4622506091","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 108-2218-E-008-016-MY2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","ror":"https://ror.org/02kv4zf79"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2528788999","https://openalex.org/W2612291478","https://openalex.org/W2707416895","https://openalex.org/W2746553466","https://openalex.org/W2783983574","https://openalex.org/W2793695278","https://openalex.org/W2793960410","https://openalex.org/W2798444003","https://openalex.org/W2863849698","https://openalex.org/W2883649322","https://openalex.org/W2886509985","https://openalex.org/W2888360891","https://openalex.org/W2889655092","https://openalex.org/W2898047674","https://openalex.org/W2907916537","https://openalex.org/W2930672455","https://openalex.org/W2943308446","https://openalex.org/W2955251534","https://openalex.org/W2956026482","https://openalex.org/W2962726494","https://openalex.org/W2963899602","https://openalex.org/W2964134356","https://openalex.org/W2964220104","https://openalex.org/W2971126087","https://openalex.org/W2972852318","https://openalex.org/W2979919007","https://openalex.org/W2980223535","https://openalex.org/W2980672541","https://openalex.org/W2982426077","https://openalex.org/W2989054343","https://openalex.org/W2998117442","https://openalex.org/W3004553564","https://openalex.org/W3005226193","https://openalex.org/W3005902227","https://openalex.org/W3010063955","https://openalex.org/W3010715985","https://openalex.org/W3015351299","https://openalex.org/W3026197293","https://openalex.org/W3036052102","https://openalex.org/W3043899199","https://openalex.org/W3045811008","https://openalex.org/W3048671104","https://openalex.org/W3051352583","https://openalex.org/W3086351065","https://openalex.org/W3088241366","https://openalex.org/W3089234315","https://openalex.org/W3094546714","https://openalex.org/W3099587457","https://openalex.org/W3102696584","https://openalex.org/W3106530718","https://openalex.org/W3108838069","https://openalex.org/W3132105662","https://openalex.org/W6779741277"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2303288554","https://openalex.org/W3033750547","https://openalex.org/W2029216794","https://openalex.org/W4386698331","https://openalex.org/W2047225036","https://openalex.org/W2138314731","https://openalex.org/W2029263917","https://openalex.org/W2093207996","https://openalex.org/W2982446297","https://openalex.org/W2322468729"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"concerns":[2],"the":[3,6,40,44,54,57,59,68,77,86,96,100,118,128,132,155,159,163,168,173,194,199,213,216,222,229,237,256,259],"problem":[4,87,122],"of":[5,47,56,88,98,137,177,215,228],"trajectory":[7,69,93,230],"design":[8,94],"and":[9,92,180],"base":[10],"station":[11],"(BS)":[12],"association":[13,61,91,130,179,239],"for":[14,27],"cellular-connected":[15],"unmanned":[16],"aerial":[17],"vehicles":[18],"(UAVs).":[19],"To":[20,166],"support":[21],"safety-critical":[22],"functions,":[23],"one":[24],"primary":[25],"requirement":[26],"UAVs":[28],"is":[29,114,141,144,190,234],"to":[30,116,146,153,162,172,192,221,242],"maintain":[31],"reliable":[32,244],"cellular":[33,245],"connectivity":[34,106,254],"at":[35],"every":[36],"time":[37,103],"instant":[38],"during":[39,258],"flight":[41],"mission.":[42],"Since":[43],"antenna":[45],"gain":[46],"a":[48,105,110,124,138,148,183],"ground":[49],"BS":[50,90],"(GBS)":[51],"changes":[52],"with":[53,67,95,255],"position":[55,161],"UAV,":[58],"UAV-GBS":[60,129],"strategy":[62],"should":[63],"be":[64],"jointly":[65],"considered":[66],"design,":[70],"which":[71,143,198],"has":[72],"not":[73],"been":[74],"studied":[75],"in":[76,123,197,226],"prior":[78],"arts.":[79],"In":[80],"this":[81],"article,":[82],"we":[83],"first":[84],"formulate":[85],"joint":[89],"objective":[97],"minimizing":[99],"mission":[101],"completion":[102],"under":[104],"outage":[107],"constraint.":[108],"Then,":[109],"deep":[111,149,185],"learning":[112,187],"framework":[113],"proposed":[115,217,249],"solve":[117],"formulated":[119],"nonconvex":[120],"optimization":[121],"decoupled":[125],"manner.":[126],"For":[127],"strategy,":[131],"signal":[133],"strength":[134],"radio":[135],"map":[136],"given":[139],"area":[140],"constructed,":[142],"used":[145],"train":[147],"neural":[150],"network":[151],"(DNN)":[152],"approximate":[154],"nonlinear":[156],"mapping":[157],"from":[158,203],"UAV":[160,181,200],"optimal":[164,195],"GBS.":[165],"tackle":[167],"high":[169],"complexity":[170],"due":[171],"coupled":[174],"decision":[175],"variables":[176],"GBS":[178,257],"movement,":[182],"novel":[184],"reinforcement":[186],"(DRL)":[188],"approach":[189,219,250],"developed":[191],"learn":[193,202],"trajectory,":[196],"can":[201,251],"its":[204],"own":[205],"past":[206],"good":[207],"experiences.":[208],"Our":[209],"simulation":[210],"results":[211],"confirm":[212],"superiority":[214],"DRL":[218,224],"compared":[220],"conventional":[223],"approaches":[225],"terms":[227],"length.":[231],"Additionally,":[232],"it":[233],"demonstrated":[235],"that":[236],"nearest":[238],"scheme":[240],"fails":[241],"provide":[243],"connections,":[246],"whereas":[247],"our":[248],"ensure":[252],"strong":[253],"whole":[260],"trajectory.":[261]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
