{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3090754285","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2020.3027829","title":"Understanding Sub-GHz Signal Behavior in Deep-Indoor Scenarios","display_name":"Understanding Sub-GHz Signal Behavior in Deep-Indoor Scenarios","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3090754285","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2020.3027829","mag":"3090754285"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2020.3027829","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2020.3027829","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/087cb50e-388a-4533-a98b-ae28091dc0cd","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043726686","display_name":"Krzysztof Mateusz Malarski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4037-0917"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark","ror":"https://ror.org/04qtj9h94","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Krzysztof Mateusz Malarski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4037-0917","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023087733","display_name":"Jakob Thrane","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0056-4503"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark","ror":"https://ror.org/04qtj9h94","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jakob Thrane","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0056-4503","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069309470","display_name":"Henrik Lehrmann Christiansen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9558-3493"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134056","display_name":"TDC (Denmark)","ror":"https://ror.org/0348jrz13","country_code":"DK","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134056"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Henrik Lehrmann Christiansen","raw_affiliation_strings":["TDC NET, Copenhagen, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9558-3493","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TDC NET, Copenhagen, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134056"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071490991","display_name":"Sarah Ruepp","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0205-5067"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark","ror":"https://ror.org/04qtj9h94","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sarah Ruepp","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3256,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.54500562,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"8","first_page":"6746","last_page":"6756"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11932","display_name":"Wireless Body Area Networks","score":0.9900000095367432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7224560976028442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-processing","display_name":"Signal processing","score":0.49721506237983704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.4433678984642029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.38618162274360657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.33678120374679565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.16705086827278137}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7224560976028442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.49721506237983704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4433678984642029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.38618162274360657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.33678120374679565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.16705086827278137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2020.3027829","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2020.3027829","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/087cb50e-388a-4533-a98b-ae28091dc0cd","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/087cb50e-388a-4533-a98b-ae28091dc0cd","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400705","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark, DTU Orbit (Technical University of Denmark, DTU)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","host_organization_name":"Technical University of Denmark","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Malarski , K M , Thrane , J , Christiansen , H L & Ruepp , S R 2021 , ' Understanding sub-GHz Signal Behaviour in Deep-Indoor Scenarios ' , Ieee Internet of Things Journal , vol. 8 , no. 8 , pp. 6746-6756 . https://doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2020.3027829","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/087cb50e-388a-4533-a98b-ae28091dc0cd","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/087cb50e-388a-4533-a98b-ae28091dc0cd","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400705","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark, DTU Orbit (Technical University of Denmark, DTU)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","host_organization_name":"Technical University of Denmark","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Malarski , K M , Thrane , J , Christiansen , H L & Ruepp , S R 2021 , ' Understanding sub-GHz Signal Behaviour in Deep-Indoor Scenarios ' , Ieee Internet of Things Journal , vol. 8 , no. 8 , pp. 6746-6756 . https://doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2020.3027829","raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.5299999713897705,"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313796","display_name":"Innovationsfonden","ror":"https://ror.org/00daj4111"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338388","display_name":"Eurostars","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W28728402","https://openalex.org/W1746819321","https://openalex.org/W2085165892","https://openalex.org/W2181523240","https://openalex.org/W2552804020","https://openalex.org/W2605111905","https://openalex.org/W2753481278","https://openalex.org/W2755207117","https://openalex.org/W2771813345","https://openalex.org/W2786167719","https://openalex.org/W2808139996","https://openalex.org/W2893995718","https://openalex.org/W2907924137","https://openalex.org/W2909600074","https://openalex.org/W2932316113","https://openalex.org/W2946537256","https://openalex.org/W2947224705","https://openalex.org/W2963012143","https://openalex.org/W2963190151","https://openalex.org/W2979036459","https://openalex.org/W2985240733","https://openalex.org/W2986119534","https://openalex.org/W2994885622","https://openalex.org/W3091923493","https://openalex.org/W3125029574","https://openalex.org/W4211049957","https://openalex.org/W6748773947","https://openalex.org/W6755463424","https://openalex.org/W6777951124"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Critical":[0],"Internet-of-Things":[1],"(IoT)":[2],"services":[3],"require":[4],"seamless":[5],"connectivity,":[6],"which":[7],"is":[8],"not":[9],"always":[10],"simple":[11],"to":[12,93,126],"provide":[13],"and":[14,49,55,62,97,110,123,145,166],"particularly":[15],"in":[16,24,34,41,71,83,104,133,138],"deep-indoor":[17,74,139],"scenarios,":[18],"it":[19],"can":[20,68],"be":[21,69,131],"even":[22],"impossible":[23],"some":[25],"cases.":[26],"The":[27],"existing":[28],"outdoor-to-indoor":[29],"path-loss":[30,153],"models":[31],"lack":[32],"accuracy":[33],"underground":[35,85],"situations,":[36],"thus":[37],"IoT":[38],"coverage":[39],"planning":[40],"such":[42],"areas":[43],"cannot":[44],"rely":[45],"on":[46,78],"robust":[47],"tools":[48],"becomes":[50],"a":[51,79,143,146],"process":[52,114,148],"of":[53],"trial":[54,82],"error.":[56],"In":[57],"this":[58],"work,":[59],"we":[60,88,117],"derive":[61],"analyze":[63],"various":[64],"environmental":[65],"features":[66],"that":[67,119,155],"useful":[70,132],"understanding":[72],"sub-GHz":[73,134],"signal":[75,135],"propagation.":[76],"Based":[77],"large-scale":[80],"field":[81],"an":[84],"tunnel":[86,98,128],"system,":[87],"formulate":[89],"several":[90],"parameters":[91],"related":[92],"the":[94,124,127,151,157],"TX-RX":[95],"distance":[96,122],"geometry.":[99],"Through":[100],"feature":[101],"relevance":[102],"studies":[103],"linear":[105,144],"(ordinary":[106],"least-squares":[107],"(OLS)":[108],"regression)":[109,115],"nonlinear":[111],"(the":[112],"Gaussian":[113,147],"realms,":[116],"show":[118],"2-D":[120],"indoor":[121,152],"distances":[125],"walls":[129],"may":[130],"strength":[136],"prediction":[137,154],"situations.":[140],"We":[141],"construct":[142],"model":[149,163],"for":[150],"outperforms":[156],"3rd":[158],"Generation":[159],"Partnership":[160],"Project":[161],"(3GPP)":[162],"by":[164],"1.8":[165],"4.1":[167],"dB,":[168],"respectively.":[169]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-03T07:22:36.454288","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}