{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3090154676","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2020.3027482","title":"Distributed Charging-Record Management for Electric Vehicle Networks via Blockchain","display_name":"Distributed Charging-Record Management for Electric Vehicle Networks via Blockchain","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3090154676","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2020.3027482","mag":"3090154676"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2020.3027482","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2020.3027482","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076938763","display_name":"Liping Qian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6210-2617"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55712492","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02djqfd08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Ping Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China","National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6210-2617","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082844557","display_name":"Yuan Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6661-9461"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Macau, Macau, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6661-9461","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Macau, Macau, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100340403","display_name":"Xu Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55712492","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02djqfd08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xu Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1115-4860","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040279482","display_name":"Bo Ji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0149-7509"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0149-7509","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041940889","display_name":"Zhiguo Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9160-048X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiguo Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9160-048X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109574954","display_name":"Weijia Jia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5628-6237"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12615008","display_name":"Beijing Normal-Hong Kong Baptist University","ror":"https://ror.org/04snvc712","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12615008"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["CN","HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weijia Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["BNU-UIC Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Future Networks, Beijing Normal University (BNU Zhuhai), BNUHKBU United International College, Zhuhai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5628-6237","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BNU-UIC Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Future Networks, Beijing Normal University (BNU Zhuhai), BNUHKBU United International College, Zhuhai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12615008","https://openalex.org/I25254941","https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5374,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94012722,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"4","first_page":"2150","last_page":"2162"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.9818999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":0.975600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8309188485145569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.6559216976165771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.5278527736663818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-data-store","display_name":"Distributed data store","score":0.4519939720630646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.4414907693862915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.41714000701904297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.3745625615119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.31781506538391113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.0907829999923706}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8309188485145569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.6559216976165771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5278527736663818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24885549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339678","display_name":"Distributed data store","level":2,"score":0.4519939720630646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4414907693862915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.41714000701904297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3745625615119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.31781506538391113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0907829999923706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2020.3027482","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2020.3027482","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2043673203","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"LR17F010002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338464","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G346397689","display_name":"QoS\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u91c7\u96c6\u578bNB-IoT\u7f51\u7edc\u591a\u7ef4\u8d44\u6e90\u8054\u5408\u4f18\u5316\u4e0e\u63a5\u5165\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"62071431","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3946900143","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019D11","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324856","funder_display_name":"Southeast University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4305473922","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62072490","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324856","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338464","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1613273921","https://openalex.org/W2032412651","https://openalex.org/W2046398502","https://openalex.org/W2075244634","https://openalex.org/W2117371776","https://openalex.org/W2126087831","https://openalex.org/W2170987079","https://openalex.org/W2603653327","https://openalex.org/W2739697384","https://openalex.org/W2766626625","https://openalex.org/W2777447168","https://openalex.org/W2797816609","https://openalex.org/W2801576183","https://openalex.org/W2805690413","https://openalex.org/W2887000081","https://openalex.org/W2890103652","https://openalex.org/W2891855426","https://openalex.org/W2891930034","https://openalex.org/W2895570089","https://openalex.org/W2897450989","https://openalex.org/W2898082692","https://openalex.org/W2905867785","https://openalex.org/W2907863608","https://openalex.org/W2909471247","https://openalex.org/W2912978522","https://openalex.org/W2918108318","https://openalex.org/W2924387646","https://openalex.org/W2931548779","https://openalex.org/W2945136984","https://openalex.org/W2946701076","https://openalex.org/W2947400732","https://openalex.org/W2970513128","https://openalex.org/W2971569867","https://openalex.org/W2981187527","https://openalex.org/W2983935921","https://openalex.org/W2998623446","https://openalex.org/W3004153124","https://openalex.org/W3007600769","https://openalex.org/W3007690081","https://openalex.org/W3009403088","https://openalex.org/W3011576217","https://openalex.org/W3011995057","https://openalex.org/W3012143974","https://openalex.org/W3035050356","https://openalex.org/W3038531459","https://openalex.org/W3048530106","https://openalex.org/W3151869053","https://openalex.org/W4246565613","https://openalex.org/W4255535209","https://openalex.org/W6678832241","https://openalex.org/W6746873430"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W17155033","https://openalex.org/W3207760230","https://openalex.org/W1496222301","https://openalex.org/W4312814274","https://openalex.org/W1590307681","https://openalex.org/W2536018345","https://openalex.org/W4285370786","https://openalex.org/W2296488620","https://openalex.org/W2358353312","https://openalex.org/W1485337887"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"deep":[1],"penetration":[2],"of":[3,82,96,113,121,170,174,218,225],"electric":[4],"vehicles":[5],"(EVs)":[6],"into":[7],"the":[8,12,26,35,46,51,55,64,69,83,89,97,101,111,119,122,132,141,146,151,156,163,168,175,185,190,194,204,216,223],"transportation":[9],"section":[10],"and":[11,77,104,126,135,150,177,222],"associated":[13,65],"charging":[14,28,70,90,102],"management":[15],"has":[16],"yielded":[17],"a":[18,79,115,137,179],"critical":[19],"issue,":[20],"namely,":[21],"how":[22],"to":[23,50,159,202,214],"efficiently":[24],"store":[25],"generated":[27],"records.":[29],"In":[30],"this":[31],"article,":[32],"we":[33,62,130,166,196],"investigate":[34],"cost-efficient":[36,227],"charging-record":[37,228],"storage":[38,84,148,187,229],"scheme":[39,230],"by":[40],"exploiting":[41],"blockchain":[42],"(BC).":[43],"Accounting":[44],"for":[45,67,99,107,144,154,183,207],"operational":[47],"cost":[48,66],"due":[49],"consensus":[52],"process":[53],"via":[54,72,231],"practical":[56],"Byzantine":[57],"fault":[58],"tolerance":[59],"(PBFT)":[60],"protocol,":[61],"model":[63],"storing":[68,88,100],"records":[71],"an":[73,199],"ideal":[74],"multiblockchain":[75],"system":[76],"formulate":[78],"joint":[80],"optimization":[81],"selection":[85,149],"(i.e.,":[86,140],"either":[87],"record":[91],"locally":[92],"or":[93],"selecting":[94],"one":[95],"BCs":[98],"record)":[103],"server-node":[105,157,205],"allocation":[106,206],"each":[108,208],"BC,":[109],"with":[110],"objective":[112],"minimizing":[114],"systemwise":[116],"cost.":[117],"Despite":[118],"nature":[120,169],"complicated":[123],"mixed":[124],"binary":[125],"integer":[127],"programming":[128],"problem,":[129],"exploit":[131,167],"decomposition":[133],"structure":[134],"propose":[136,178,198],"layered":[138],"algorithm":[139,182,201],"bottom":[142,164],"subproblem":[143],"determining":[145],"optimal":[147,186,191],"top":[152],"problem":[153,176],"finding":[155],"allocation)":[158],"solve":[160],"it.":[161],"For":[162],"subproblem,":[165,195],"minimum":[171],"weighted":[172],"matching":[173],"distributed":[180],"auction-based":[181],"computing":[184],"selection.":[188],"With":[189],"solution":[192],"from":[193],"further":[197],"annealing-based":[200],"determine":[203],"BC.":[209,232],"Numerical":[210],"results":[211],"are":[212],"provided":[213],"validate":[215],"effectiveness":[217],"our":[219,226],"proposed":[220],"algorithms":[221],"performance":[224]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}