{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3086633840","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2020.3023475","title":"RF Energy Harvesting for Batteryless and Maintenance-Free Condition Monitoring of Railway Tracks","display_name":"RF Energy Harvesting for Batteryless and Maintenance-Free Condition Monitoring of Railway Tracks","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3086633840","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2020.3023475","mag":"3086633840"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2020.3023475","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2020.3023475","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100395618","display_name":"Pengyu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0570-2779"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pengyu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0570-2779","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081097256","display_name":"Zhihe Long","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3815-2029"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhihe Long","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3815-2029","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028762546","display_name":"Zhengbao Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5075-0457"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhengbao Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5075-0457","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.6528,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":82,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96791902,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"5","first_page":"3512","last_page":"3523"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11249","display_name":"Wireless Power Transfer Systems","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11230","display_name":"Innovative Energy Harvesting Technologies","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-harvesting","display_name":"Energy harvesting","score":0.662057101726532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency","display_name":"Radio frequency","score":0.6468343734741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5973691344261169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5808165073394775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.5111067891120911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.5032579302787781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/track","display_name":"Track (disk drive)","score":0.5005984306335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.44990286231040955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/battery","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","score":0.43871593475341797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.432121217250824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.372835636138916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.24064910411834717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.24017974734306335}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101518730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q930236","display_name":"Energy harvesting","level":3,"score":0.662057101726532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.6468343734741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5973691344261169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5808165073394775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5111067891120911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.5032579302787781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89992363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5961558","display_name":"Track (disk drive)","level":2,"score":0.5005984306335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.44990286231040955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555008776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267298","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","level":3,"score":0.43871593475341797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.432121217250824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.372835636138916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.24064910411834717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.24017974734306335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2020.3023475","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2020.3023475","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-127103","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.scopus.com/record/display.url?eid=2-s2.0-85098772667&origin=inward","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8899999856948853,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1982873840","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"9610390","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309893","funder_display_name":"City University of Hong Kong"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3803448144","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"11902282","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309893","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1500049967","https://openalex.org/W1521761734","https://openalex.org/W1971778210","https://openalex.org/W1985994949","https://openalex.org/W2000618191","https://openalex.org/W2007382419","https://openalex.org/W2030660649","https://openalex.org/W2039910645","https://openalex.org/W2046672513","https://openalex.org/W2050774995","https://openalex.org/W2056348412","https://openalex.org/W2070715707","https://openalex.org/W2084032419","https://openalex.org/W2094181965","https://openalex.org/W2097963219","https://openalex.org/W2110799486","https://openalex.org/W2125513870","https://openalex.org/W2126433409","https://openalex.org/W2135198560","https://openalex.org/W2149662338","https://openalex.org/W2182132145","https://openalex.org/W2295600758","https://openalex.org/W2508720818","https://openalex.org/W2572011435","https://openalex.org/W2580735165","https://openalex.org/W2605976477","https://openalex.org/W2625230690","https://openalex.org/W2740471934","https://openalex.org/W2756097097","https://openalex.org/W2788801286","https://openalex.org/W2796652411","https://openalex.org/W2810439622","https://openalex.org/W2915978522","https://openalex.org/W2944352928","https://openalex.org/W2974198651","https://openalex.org/W2978257934","https://openalex.org/W2992497222","https://openalex.org/W3026912515","https://openalex.org/W6736549875","https://openalex.org/W6744683388"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2898145991","https://openalex.org/W2789518417","https://openalex.org/W4213217485","https://openalex.org/W2566010174","https://openalex.org/W2903121411","https://openalex.org/W2791994394","https://openalex.org/W2584021408","https://openalex.org/W4296935286","https://openalex.org/W3018308121","https://openalex.org/W2087560913"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Current":[0],"railway":[1,30,61,174],"track":[2],"condition":[3,84],"monitoring":[4,31,111],"relies":[5],"on":[6,34,43,60,73,126],"inefficient":[7],"human":[8],"inspectors":[9],"and":[10,76,79,99,106,133,160,180,187],"expensive":[11],"inspection":[12,16,117],"vehicles,":[13],"where":[14],"high-frequency":[15,110],"is":[17,52,124],"unreachable":[18],"since":[19],"these":[20],"methods":[21],"occupy":[22],"the":[23,50,74,82,89,95,119,127,177],"tracks.":[24,45,62],"This":[25],"article":[26],"proposes":[27],"a":[28,53,70,114,138,144,153,172,182],"batteryless":[29,54,178],"system":[32,51,93,175],"based":[33,125],"radio-frequency":[35],"(RF)":[36],"energy":[37,68,155],"harvesting":[38],"to":[39,88],"detect":[40],"early":[41],"defects":[42],"rail":[44],"The":[46,63,91,109,122],"key":[47],"part":[48],"of":[49,85,147,158],"wireless":[55,184],"sensor":[56],"tag":[57],"(BLWST)":[58],"installed":[59,72],"BLWST":[64,123],"can":[65,134],"harvest":[66],"RF":[67,140],"from":[69],"reader":[71],"train,":[75],"precisely":[77],"measure":[78],"wirelessly":[80],"transmit":[81],"vibration":[83],"tracks":[86],"back":[87],"reader.":[90],"proposed":[92],"eliminates":[94],"demands":[96],"for":[97],"cables":[98],"battery":[100],"replacement,":[101],"thus":[102],"achieving":[103],"low":[104],"installation":[105],"maintenance":[107],"costs.":[108],"also":[112],"provides":[113],"more":[115],"reliable":[116,183],"than":[118],"existing":[120],"methods.":[121],"3-stage":[128],"Dickson":[129],"voltage":[130],"multiplier":[131],"(DVM)":[132],"be":[135],"activated":[136],"by":[137],"dedicated":[139],"power":[141,185],"source":[142],"at":[143],"maximum":[145,154],"distance":[146],"2.3":[148],"m.":[149],"Experiments":[150],"show":[151],"that":[152],"conversion":[156],"efficiency":[157],"25%":[159],"500":[161],"working":[162],"cycles":[163],"per":[164],"second":[165],"are":[166],"achieved.":[167],"For":[168],"demonstration,":[169],"we":[170],"construct":[171],"miniaturized":[173],"with":[176],"prototype":[179],"exhibit":[181],"transfer":[186],"data":[188],"communication.":[189]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":13}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}