{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3043110139","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2020.3008773","title":"Building Low-Interactivity Multifactor Authenticated Key Exchange for Industrial Internet of Things","display_name":"Building Low-Interactivity Multifactor Authenticated Key Exchange for Industrial Internet of Things","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3043110139","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2020.3008773","mag":"3043110139"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2020.3008773","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2020.3008773","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082316109","display_name":"Zengpeng Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0758-7230"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152815399","display_name":"Singapore University of Technology and Design","ror":"https://ror.org/05j6fvn87","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152815399"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zengpeng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China","Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152815399"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044348012","display_name":"Zheng Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8610-9936"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152815399","display_name":"Singapore University of Technology and Design","ror":"https://ror.org/05j6fvn87","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152815399"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142108993","display_name":"Southwest University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj4z117","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"]}],"countries":["CN","SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore","Southwest University, Chongqing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152815399"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southwest University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054220744","display_name":"Pawe\u0142 Sza\u0142achowski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0871-3729"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152815399","display_name":"Singapore University of Technology and Design","ror":"https://ror.org/05j6fvn87","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152815399"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pawel Szalachowski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152815399"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008266220","display_name":"Jianying Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0594-0432"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152815399","display_name":"Singapore University of Technology and Design","ror":"https://ror.org/05j6fvn87","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152815399"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianying Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152815399"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082316109"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152815399"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4668,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89742858,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"2","first_page":"844","last_page":"859"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11504","display_name":"Advanced Authentication Protocols Security","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11504","display_name":"Advanced Authentication Protocols Security","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8253945112228394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interactivity","display_name":"Interactivity","score":0.7604727745056152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.6491875648498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.592435896396637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.4859284460544586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-internet","display_name":"Industrial Internet","score":0.4691806137561798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4650346636772156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.43442875146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authenticated-key-exchange","display_name":"Authenticated Key Exchange","score":0.4302065074443817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.31067192554473877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-exchange","display_name":"Key exchange","score":0.2822974622249603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-cryptography","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","score":0.168751060962677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.09696593880653381}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8253945112228394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144430266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839721","display_name":"Interactivity","level":2,"score":0.7604727745056152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.6491875648498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.592435896396637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.4859284460544586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202839342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60740481","display_name":"Industrial Internet","level":3,"score":0.4691806137561798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4650346636772156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.43442875146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777572472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825878","display_name":"Authenticated Key Exchange","level":5,"score":0.4302065074443817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.31067192554473877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99674996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414155","display_name":"Key exchange","level":4,"score":0.2822974622249603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203062551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","level":3,"score":0.168751060962677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.09696593880653381}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2020.3008773","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2020.3008773","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5699999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3072130187","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61802214","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5245860737","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZR2019BF009","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6600626235","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61872051","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":69,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W62648631","https://openalex.org/W124221785","https://openalex.org/W138104976","https://openalex.org/W144366782","https://openalex.org/W296058135","https://openalex.org/W1481063535","https://openalex.org/W1490181591","https://openalex.org/W1526070463","https://openalex.org/W1537652141","https://openalex.org/W1561564981","https://openalex.org/W1595293097","https://openalex.org/W1601218083","https://openalex.org/W1646354800","https://openalex.org/W1889757464","https://openalex.org/W1947829872","https://openalex.org/W1990556702","https://openalex.org/W1994538893","https://openalex.org/W1998784354","https://openalex.org/W1999189416","https://openalex.org/W2026772001","https://openalex.org/W2030480083","https://openalex.org/W2093798919","https://openalex.org/W2107895089","https://openalex.org/W2123544182","https://openalex.org/W2124926080","https://openalex.org/W2146813141","https://openalex.org/W2148959297","https://openalex.org/W2165111290","https://openalex.org/W2185483300","https://openalex.org/W2186096729","https://openalex.org/W2243338856","https://openalex.org/W2281839151","https://openalex.org/W2284345771","https://openalex.org/W2405288614","https://openalex.org/W2406790903","https://openalex.org/W2535033158","https://openalex.org/W2536625930","https://openalex.org/W2582312183","https://openalex.org/W2599124931","https://openalex.org/W2610891049","https://openalex.org/W2744532080","https://openalex.org/W2784017372","https://openalex.org/W2789461976","https://openalex.org/W2795336163","https://openalex.org/W2808182497","https://openalex.org/W2811168394","https://openalex.org/W2846593596","https://openalex.org/W2887044800","https://openalex.org/W2891698757","https://openalex.org/W2905628336","https://openalex.org/W2915209952","https://openalex.org/W2918166312","https://openalex.org/W2928729386","https://openalex.org/W2947049083","https://openalex.org/W2965442679","https://openalex.org/W2969503317","https://openalex.org/W2971596397","https://openalex.org/W2998725472","https://openalex.org/W4242126308","https://openalex.org/W4256734252","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6635808058","https://openalex.org/W6636797535","https://openalex.org/W6686773509","https://openalex.org/W6713878235","https://openalex.org/W6759338251","https://openalex.org/W6763082449","https://openalex.org/W6763280503","https://openalex.org/W6766417006"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2001821990","https://openalex.org/W2319020389","https://openalex.org/W2272707781","https://openalex.org/W2747851897","https://openalex.org/W1975913006","https://openalex.org/W1513662110","https://openalex.org/W2063506784","https://openalex.org/W3212933010","https://openalex.org/W4390610562","https://openalex.org/W4400212587"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Industrial":[0],"Internet":[1],"of":[2,40,92,123,127,274,283],"Things":[3],"(IIoT)":[4],"brings":[5],"together":[6],"computers,":[7],"devices,":[8],"advanced":[9],"analytics,":[10],"and":[11,20,28,62,78,221,223,232,254,289],"people":[12],"in":[13,42,53,96,206],"industries,":[14],"such":[15],"as":[16,107,217],"transportation,":[17],"oil":[18],"plant,":[19],"power":[21],"grid":[22],"that":[23,58,175],"leads":[24],"to":[25,37,51,66,69,110,155,170,172,189,199,238,247,258],"major":[26],"efficiency":[27],"productivity":[29],"gains":[30],"for":[31,115],"almost":[32],"any":[33],"industrial":[34],"procedures.":[35],"Due":[36],"the":[38,60,71,80,87,93,124,173,178,201,244,249,275,281],"interconnection":[39],"devices":[41],"IIoT,":[43],"communication":[44,205],"security":[45,117,273],"has":[46],"become":[47],"a":[48,130,142,157,191,260],"critical":[49],"issue":[50],"address":[52],"many":[54],"emerging":[55],"industry":[56,104],"standards":[57,105],"require":[59],"authentication":[61,113,180,214,240],"key":[63,161,234],"exchange":[64,162,235],"procedure":[65],"be":[67],"done":[68],"guarantee":[70],"authorized":[72],"machine":[73],"access":[74],"(e.g.,":[75],"from":[76,149],"users)":[77],"secure":[79,204],"data":[81],"transmission":[82],"between":[83],"machines.":[84],"To":[85,139],"overcome":[86],"shortcoming":[88],"(i.e.,":[89,252],"low":[90],"entropy)":[91],"memorable":[94],"password":[95],"user":[97],"authentication,":[98],"it":[99,224],"is":[100,121,132,153,278],"rightfully":[101],"recommended":[102],"by":[103],"(such":[106,216],"IEC-62443":[108],"family)":[109],"use":[111],"multifactor":[112,159,197,228,233,261],"(MFA)":[114],"higher":[116],"levels.":[118],"Notably,":[119],"latency":[120],"one":[122],"main":[125],"sources":[126],"inefficiency":[128],"when":[129],"device":[131],"communicating":[133],"with":[134,287],"other":[135],"machines":[136],"on":[137],"IIoT.":[138,207],"mitigate":[140],"latency,":[141],"smooth":[143],"projective":[144],"hash":[145],"function":[146,269],"(SPHF)":[147],"built":[148],"well-studied":[150],"standard":[151],"assumptions":[152],"used":[154],"achieve":[156,200],"lowinteractivity":[158],"authenticated":[160],"protocol":[163,277],"(MFAKE)":[164],"because":[165],"SPHF":[166],"allows":[167],"each":[168],"party":[169],"prove":[171],"others":[174],"he":[176],"knows":[177],"right":[179],"factor(s).":[181],"In":[182],"this":[183],"article,":[184],"we":[185],"are,":[186],"therefore,":[187],"motivated":[188],"build":[190],"new":[192],"MFAKE":[193],"named":[194],"\u201csecure":[195],"remote":[196],"(SRMF)\u201d":[198],"humaninvolved":[202],"\u201cmachine-to-machine\u201d":[203],"That":[208],"is,":[209],"SRMF":[210],"leverages":[211],"multiple":[212],"user-centric":[213],"factors":[215,241],"password,":[218],"biometric":[219],"fingerprints,":[220],"PIN),":[222],"can":[225],"synergistically":[226],"support":[227],"registration":[229],"(MFR),":[230],"MFA,":[231],"(MFKE).":[236],"Furthermore,":[237],"prevent":[239],"stored":[242],"at":[243],"server":[245],"exposing":[246],"attackers,":[248],"password-harden":[250],"service":[251,263],"Pythia-PRF":[253],"USENIX'15)":[255],"inspires":[256],"us":[257],"develop":[259],"hardening":[262],"(MFHS)":[264],"utilizing":[265],"an":[266],"oblivious":[267],"pseudorandom":[268],"(OPRF).":[270],"The":[271],"balanced":[272],"proposed":[276],"proved":[279],"under":[280],"model":[282],"Bellare-Pointcheval-Rogaway":[284],"(EUROCRYPTO'00)":[285],"along":[286],"theoretical":[288],"experimental":[290],"evaluations.":[291]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
