{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3035409400","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2020.3002200","title":"Connectivity Performance Evaluation for Grant-Free Narrowband IoT With Widely Linear Receivers","display_name":"Connectivity Performance Evaluation for Grant-Free Narrowband IoT With Widely Linear Receivers","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-06-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3035409400","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2020.3002200","mag":"3035409400"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2020.3002200","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2020.3002200","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110551761","display_name":"Ronghua Gui","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CA","CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ronghua Gui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada","School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034003798","display_name":"Naveen Mysore Balasubramanya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1078-166X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152718","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Dharwad","ror":"https://ror.org/0509djg30","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152718"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naveen Mysore Balasubramanya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Dharwad, Dharwad, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1078-166X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Dharwad, Dharwad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152718"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052549336","display_name":"Lutz Lampe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6583-1978"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lutz Lampe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6583-1978","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6057,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66732702,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"10","first_page":"10562","last_page":"10572"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.8126429319381714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7896822690963745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.7613058090209961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.6167521476745605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.6101179718971252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.6053284406661987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.5745068788528442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5242981314659119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.5154581665992737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/narrowband","display_name":"Narrowband","score":0.49102306365966797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-transmission","display_name":"Data transmission","score":0.45977863669395447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.3706822395324707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2605079710483551}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.8126429319381714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7896822690963745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.7613058090209961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.6167521476745605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6101179718971252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.6053284406661987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.5745068788528442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5242981314659119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.5154581665992737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776096036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140483","display_name":"Narrowband","level":2,"score":0.49102306365966797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557945733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389772","display_name":"Data transmission","level":2,"score":0.45977863669395447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.3706822395324707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2605079710483551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2020.3002200","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2020.3002200","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.44999998807907104}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","display_name":"China Scholarship Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04atp4p48"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W151604921","https://openalex.org/W1503398984","https://openalex.org/W1997834106","https://openalex.org/W2060277789","https://openalex.org/W2061134945","https://openalex.org/W2067489830","https://openalex.org/W2095954570","https://openalex.org/W2107244732","https://openalex.org/W2124677862","https://openalex.org/W2137044065","https://openalex.org/W2139698741","https://openalex.org/W2156374892","https://openalex.org/W2159071216","https://openalex.org/W2167705656","https://openalex.org/W2168740143","https://openalex.org/W2422021507","https://openalex.org/W2596324967","https://openalex.org/W2603425044","https://openalex.org/W2706056020","https://openalex.org/W2768812360","https://openalex.org/W2774912636","https://openalex.org/W2796873235","https://openalex.org/W2798333393","https://openalex.org/W2896032744","https://openalex.org/W2962783428","https://openalex.org/W2962917428","https://openalex.org/W2963336322","https://openalex.org/W2964133168","https://openalex.org/W3008779736","https://openalex.org/W3023553154","https://openalex.org/W3104740446"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2548963335","https://openalex.org/W2159941915","https://openalex.org/W1995129237","https://openalex.org/W4388081250","https://openalex.org/W4365807906","https://openalex.org/W2157864637","https://openalex.org/W4223416141","https://openalex.org/W2105999282","https://openalex.org/W1922070205","https://openalex.org/W2136902318"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Future":[0],"wireless":[1],"cellular":[2,25,150],"communication":[3,13,151],"networks":[4],"are":[5],"expected":[6],"to":[7,41,66,180],"provide":[8],"connectivity":[9],"for":[10,23,53,86,136],"massive":[11],"machine-type":[12],"(mMTC)":[14],"devices.":[15],"The":[16],"main":[17],"challenge":[18],"of":[19,32,47,77,97,114,126,171,183,221],"supporting":[20],"mMTC":[21,98],"traffic":[22,99],"a":[24,141,199,205],"network":[26],"lies":[27],"in":[28,94,211],"the":[29,45,68,75,95,106,112,118,124,129,146,164,181,212],"high":[30],"density":[31,132,167,215],"these":[33],"devices,":[34],"which":[35,153],"individually":[36],"have":[37],"relatively":[38],"little":[39],"data":[40,55,92,134,169],"transmit.":[42],"This":[43],"suggests":[44],"use":[46,76,182],"low":[48],"overhead,":[49],"grant-free":[50,137,172],"access":[51,67,89],"scheme":[52,108],"uplink":[54,96,138],"transmission,":[56],"which,":[57],"however,":[58],"suffers":[59],"from":[60],"packet":[61,194],"collisions":[62],"when":[63],"devices":[64],"attempt":[65],"channel.":[69],"In":[70],"this":[71,127],"article,":[72],"we":[73,144,197],"suggest":[74],"real-valued":[78,156],"transmission":[79],"together":[80],"with":[81,192],"widely":[82],"linear":[83,224],"(WL)":[84],"reception":[85],"improving":[87],"resource":[88],"and":[90,133,168,204],"thus":[91],"throughput":[93,135,170],"scenarios.":[100],"We":[101,122],"show":[102,162],"that":[103,163],"not":[104],"surprisingly,":[105],"WL":[107,184,218],"can":[109,175],"virtually":[110],"double":[111],"number":[113],"receive":[115],"antennas":[116],"at":[117],"base":[119],"station":[120],"(BS).":[121],"analyze":[123],"effect":[125],"on":[128],"supported":[130,165,213],"user":[131,166,214],"transmission.":[139],"As":[140],"specific":[142],"example,":[143,187],"consider":[145],"narrowband":[147],"Internet-of-Things":[148],"(NB-IoT)":[149],"system,":[152],"already":[154],"includes":[155],"modulation":[157],"modes.":[158],"Our":[159],"numerical":[160],"results":[161],"NB-IoT":[173,190],"systems":[174],"be":[176],"significantly":[177],"improved":[178],"due":[179],"receivers.":[185],"For":[186],"considering":[188],"an":[189],"system":[191],"1%":[193],"drop":[195],"probability,":[196],"obtain":[198],"tenfold":[200],"(for":[201,207],"single-antenna":[202],"BS)":[203,209],"sixfold":[206],"dual-antenna":[208],"increase":[210],"by":[216],"using":[217],"receivers":[219],"instead":[220],"their":[222],"conventional":[223],"counterparts.":[225]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}