{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3033021874","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2020.2999063","title":"Energy\u2013Latency Tradeoff for Computation Offloading in UAV-Assisted Multiaccess Edge Computing System","display_name":"Energy\u2013Latency Tradeoff for Computation Offloading in UAV-Assisted Multiaccess Edge Computing System","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3033021874","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2020.2999063","mag":"3033021874"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2020.2999063","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2020.2999063","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014261019","display_name":"Kaiyuan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0786-738X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kaiyuan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering and the Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Computer Network, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","School of Electronic and Information Engineering and the Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Computer Network, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering and the Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Computer Network, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering and the Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Computer Network, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075237164","display_name":"Xiaolin Gui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4384-9891"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaolin Gui","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering and the Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Computer Network, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","School of Electronic and Information Engineering and the Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Computer Network, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering and the Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Computer Network, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering and the Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Computer Network, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045322027","display_name":"Dewang Ren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0293-2771"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dewang Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering and the Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Computer Network, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","School of Electronic and Information Engineering and the Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Computer Network, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering and the Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Computer Network, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering and the Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Computer Network, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028035720","display_name":"Defu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6466-4947"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Defu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering and the Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Computer Network, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","School of Electronic and Information Engineering and the Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Computer Network, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering and the Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Computer Network, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering and the Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Computer Network, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014261019"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":108.4796,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":123,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99919586,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"8","first_page":"6709","last_page":"6719"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9825999736785889,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8456891179084778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation-offloading","display_name":"Computation offloading","score":0.8006348013877869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-edge-computing","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","score":0.7182000279426575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nash-equilibrium","display_name":"Nash equilibrium","score":0.695000946521759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-computing","display_name":"Edge computing","score":0.5809994339942932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/game-theory","display_name":"Game theory","score":0.5751490592956543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.5728184580802917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.552318274974823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.5437553524971008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.5212721824645996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.5118231177330017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.4736194312572479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/potential-game","display_name":"Potential game","score":0.4717952609062195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.4384097158908844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.3989972472190857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.36961591243743896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3646310567855835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.11728817224502563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.08889153599739075}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8456891179084778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781041963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18348618","display_name":"Computation offloading","level":4,"score":0.8006348013877869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776061582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25325231","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","level":3,"score":0.7182000279426575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46814582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23389","display_name":"Nash equilibrium","level":2,"score":0.695000946521759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.5809994339942932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177142836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44455","display_name":"Game theory","level":2,"score":0.5751490592956543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.5728184580802917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.552318274974823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5437553524971008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.5212721824645996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.5118231177330017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.4736194312572479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778079155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q288500","display_name":"Potential game","level":3,"score":0.4717952609062195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.4384097158908844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.3989972472190857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.36961591243743896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3646310567855835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11728817224502563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.08889153599739075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2020.2999063","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2020.2999063","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.5600000023841858,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4962377612","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61472316","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G640841521","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61502380","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W182605591","https://openalex.org/W901642097","https://openalex.org/W1540107614","https://openalex.org/W1904504745","https://openalex.org/W2003224378","https://openalex.org/W2012423440","https://openalex.org/W2038346247","https://openalex.org/W2043794511","https://openalex.org/W2044442377","https://openalex.org/W2068300842","https://openalex.org/W2080346852","https://openalex.org/W2086574394","https://openalex.org/W2104237724","https://openalex.org/W2111619626","https://openalex.org/W2126462381","https://openalex.org/W2136877695","https://openalex.org/W2143488688","https://openalex.org/W2195423816","https://openalex.org/W2412503523","https://openalex.org/W2522123397","https://openalex.org/W2559752671","https://openalex.org/W2585097460","https://openalex.org/W2586361965","https://openalex.org/W2594560857","https://openalex.org/W2604830243","https://openalex.org/W2615459164","https://openalex.org/W2762167842","https://openalex.org/W2879536612","https://openalex.org/W2886180905","https://openalex.org/W2896992572","https://openalex.org/W2899183567","https://openalex.org/W2907086092","https://openalex.org/W2918311828","https://openalex.org/W2962994567","https://openalex.org/W2963009535","https://openalex.org/W2964052915","https://openalex.org/W2976377563","https://openalex.org/W2983377981","https://openalex.org/W3010571627","https://openalex.org/W3022321359","https://openalex.org/W3106445841","https://openalex.org/W3122087971","https://openalex.org/W6607432528"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4200420173","https://openalex.org/W4225987626","https://openalex.org/W3120617837","https://openalex.org/W3127808443","https://openalex.org/W2916011811","https://openalex.org/W3165131088","https://openalex.org/W3085455012","https://openalex.org/W3179651706","https://openalex.org/W2785873404","https://openalex.org/W4396605099"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Unmanned":[0],"aerial":[1],"vehicles":[2],"(UAVs)":[3],"have":[4],"been":[5],"considered":[6],"as":[7,127],"a":[8,37,44,52,56,104,152],"promising":[9],"approach":[10],"for":[11],"providing":[12],"additional":[13],"computation":[14,66],"capability":[15],"and":[16,55,79,89,97,113,134,155],"extensive":[17],"coverage":[18],"to":[19,71,83,108,130,150],"ground":[20,47,57],"mobile":[21],"devices":[22],"(MDs),":[23],"especially":[24],"in":[25],"the":[26,29,73,84,98,110,115,118,128,132,137,145,156,163],"scenario":[27],"where":[28,43],"communication":[30],"infrastructure":[31],"is":[32,95,148,159],"unavailable.":[33],"This":[34],"article":[35],"investigates":[36],"UAV-assisted":[38],"multiaccess":[39],"edge":[40],"computing":[41],"system,":[42],"number":[45,164],"of":[46,61,76,117,136,165],"MDs":[48,99,166],"are":[49,63,100],"served":[50],"by":[51],"flying":[53],"UAV":[54],"base":[58],"station,":[59],"both":[60],"them":[62],"equipped":[64],"with":[65],"resources.":[67],"The":[68,140],"system":[69],"aims":[70],"minimize":[72],"weighted":[74],"cost":[75],"time":[77,158],"latency":[78],"energy":[80],"consumption,":[81],"subject":[82],"constraints":[85],"on":[86],"offloading":[87],"decisions":[88],"resource":[90],"competition.":[91],"Since":[92],"this":[93],"problem":[94],"NP-hard,":[96],"autonomous,":[101],"we":[102,122],"propose":[103,123],"game":[105],"theory-based":[106],"scheme":[107,147],"find":[109],"optimal":[111],"solution":[112],"prove":[114],"existence":[116],"Nash":[119],"equilibrium.":[120],"Meanwhile,":[121],"another":[124],"two":[125],"schemes":[126],"benchmark":[129],"evaluate":[131],"efficiency":[133],"effectiveness":[135],"game-theoretic":[138,146],"solution.":[139],"simulation":[141],"results":[142],"show":[143],"that":[144],"able":[149],"achieve":[151],"near-optimal":[153],"performance,":[154],"convergence":[157],"also":[160],"stable":[161],"when":[162],"increases.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
