{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2999225332","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2020.2964245","title":"Performance Analysis of Onshore NB-IoT for Container Tracking During Near-the-Shore Vessel Navigation","display_name":"Performance Analysis of Onshore NB-IoT for Container Tracking During Near-the-Shore Vessel Navigation","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2999225332","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2020.2964245","mag":"2999225332"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2020.2964245","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2020.2964245","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042593989","display_name":"Srikanth Kavuri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5748-4312"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138053","display_name":"Cargotec (Finland)","ror":"https://ror.org/03mz26918","country_code":"FI","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210138053"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Srikanth Kavuri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cargotec Finland Oy, Tampere, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cargotec Finland Oy, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138053"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088224958","display_name":"Dmitri Moltchanov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4007-7187"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dmitri Moltchanov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tampere University, Tampere, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tampere University, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058504920","display_name":"Aleksandr Ometov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3412-1639"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aleksandr Ometov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tampere University, Tampere, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tampere University, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049711982","display_name":"Sergey Andreev","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8223-3665"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sergey Andreev","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tampere University, Tampere, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tampere University, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015032841","display_name":"Yevgeni Koucheryavy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3976-297X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118501908","display_name":"National Research University Higher School of Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/055f7t516","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118501908"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}],"countries":["FI","RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yevgeni Koucheryavy","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia","Tampere University, Tampere, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118501908"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tampere University, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042593989"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138053"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6937,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90412212,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"4","first_page":"2928","last_page":"2943"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7958927154541016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relay","display_name":"Relay","score":0.7482141256332397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/container","display_name":"Container (type theory)","score":0.6500330567359924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.6292728185653687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.6252727508544922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.573525607585907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.4785776138305664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/narrowband","display_name":"Narrowband","score":0.46437162160873413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-geometry","display_name":"Stochastic geometry","score":0.46071749925613403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.44726812839508057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.44627201557159424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/port","display_name":"Port (circuit theory)","score":0.4394790530204773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shore","display_name":"Shore","score":0.42871636152267456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.35008716583251953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.15654689073562622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10943511128425598}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7958927154541016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778156585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174053","display_name":"Relay","level":3,"score":0.7482141256332397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781018962","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164884","display_name":"Container (type theory)","level":2,"score":0.6500330567359924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.6292728185653687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.6252727508544922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.573525607585907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4785776138305664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776096036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140483","display_name":"Narrowband","level":2,"score":0.46437162160873413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31243852","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1666739","display_name":"Stochastic geometry","level":2,"score":0.46071749925613403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.44726812839508057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.44627201557159424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32802771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2443617","display_name":"Port (circuit theory)","level":2,"score":0.4394790530204773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152382732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q468756","display_name":"Shore","level":2,"score":0.42871636152267456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.35008716583251953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.15654689073562622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10943511128425598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2020.2964245","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2020.2964245","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:trepo.tuni.fi:10024/218037","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://trepo.tuni.fi/handle/10024/218037","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055260","display_name":"Trepo - Institutional Repository of Tampere University","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321108","display_name":"Academy of Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/05k73zm37"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1027140116","https://openalex.org/W1490088943","https://openalex.org/W1510129499","https://openalex.org/W1532092126","https://openalex.org/W1578340596","https://openalex.org/W1731355636","https://openalex.org/W1885479719","https://openalex.org/W1976713425","https://openalex.org/W1988860292","https://openalex.org/W1993035091","https://openalex.org/W2001598892","https://openalex.org/W2017509795","https://openalex.org/W2082363020","https://openalex.org/W2085277287","https://openalex.org/W2089149700","https://openalex.org/W2159434468","https://openalex.org/W2298275666","https://openalex.org/W2322524800","https://openalex.org/W2337942997","https://openalex.org/W2409762090","https://openalex.org/W2461241542","https://openalex.org/W2508611559","https://openalex.org/W2531320996","https://openalex.org/W2531708793","https://openalex.org/W2539177391","https://openalex.org/W2552804020","https://openalex.org/W2565270582","https://openalex.org/W2566392544","https://openalex.org/W2578679850","https://openalex.org/W2579345429","https://openalex.org/W2589005523","https://openalex.org/W2592123986","https://openalex.org/W2596324967","https://openalex.org/W2597831797","https://openalex.org/W2602716155","https://openalex.org/W2605111905","https://openalex.org/W2613040410","https://openalex.org/W2747219950","https://openalex.org/W2767932498","https://openalex.org/W2782095701","https://openalex.org/W2783426158","https://openalex.org/W2790429190","https://openalex.org/W2797309738","https://openalex.org/W2810411849","https://openalex.org/W2883106403","https://openalex.org/W2888689374","https://openalex.org/W2900876666","https://openalex.org/W2909600074","https://openalex.org/W2943619389","https://openalex.org/W2963493444","https://openalex.org/W2964260754","https://openalex.org/W2971979296","https://openalex.org/W2972324359","https://openalex.org/W3013892929","https://openalex.org/W4213251304","https://openalex.org/W4253763685","https://openalex.org/W4302377426","https://openalex.org/W4388311561","https://openalex.org/W6678791162","https://openalex.org/W6725412409","https://openalex.org/W6775181058"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1985655499","https://openalex.org/W2972242150","https://openalex.org/W2056605887","https://openalex.org/W1964137838","https://openalex.org/W2780304656","https://openalex.org/W2020749775","https://openalex.org/W1871594675","https://openalex.org/W2952796263","https://openalex.org/W87902424","https://openalex.org/W2157590848"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"aims":[2],"to":[3,84,96,116,146],"put":[4],"forward":[5],"the":[6,26,62,68,86,90,103,109,119,125,131,151],"utilization":[7],"of":[8,16,67,168],"onshore":[9,91],"narrowband":[10],"IoT":[11],"(NB-IoT)":[12],"infrastructure":[13],"for":[14],"tracking":[15],"containers":[17],"transported":[18],"by":[19,122],"marine":[20],"cargo":[21],"vessels":[22],"while":[23],"operating":[24],"near":[25],"coastline.":[27],"We":[28],"introduce":[29],"and":[30,60,71,93,134],"evaluate":[31],"three":[32],"connectivity":[33,87,163],"strategies,":[34],"including":[35],"direct":[36,104],"sensor-to-onshore":[37],"base":[38],"station":[39],"(BS)":[40],"transmission":[41,126],"as":[42,44,55,74,76],"well":[43,75],"two":[45],"relay-aided":[46],"schemes":[47,64],"using":[48],"dedicated":[49],"vessel-BS":[50],"or":[51],"unmanned-aerial-vehicle":[52],"(UAV)-mounted":[53],"BS":[54,153],"intermediate":[56],"nodes.":[57],"To":[58],"assess":[59],"compare":[61],"proposed":[63],"in":[65],"terms":[66],"message":[69],"loss":[70],"delay":[72],"metrics":[73],"sensor":[77],"lifetimes,":[78],"we":[79],"first":[80],"employ":[81],"stochastic":[82],"geometry":[83],"characterize":[85],"process":[88],"with":[89,141],"deployment":[92],"then":[94],"resort":[95],"system-level":[97],"simulations.":[98],"Our":[99],"results":[100],"indicate":[101],"that":[102,149],"access":[105],"option":[106],"suffers":[107],"from":[108],"poorest":[110],"performance.":[111],"The":[112,155],"relay-based":[113],"alternatives":[114],"allow":[115],"dramatically":[117],"improve":[118],"system":[120,169],"operation":[121,158],"effectively":[123],"distributing":[124],"requests":[127],"over":[128],"time":[129],"at":[130],"relay":[132],"side":[133],"thus":[135],"mitigating":[136],"contention.":[137],"Furthermore,":[138],"gains":[139],"enabled":[140],"UAV":[142],"relaying":[143,157],"are":[144],"due":[145],"extended":[147],"coverage":[148],"increases":[150],"available":[152],"density.":[154],"considered":[156],"may":[159],"help":[160],"tolerate":[161],"intermittent":[162],"across":[164],"a":[165],"broad":[166],"range":[167],"parameters.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-09T08:58:05.943551","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}