{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2980427366","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2019.2947659","title":"Load Distributed and Benign-Bot Mitigation Methods for IoT DNS Flood Attacks","display_name":"Load Distributed and Benign-Bot Mitigation Methods for IoT DNS Flood Attacks","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-10-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2980427366","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2019.2947659","mag":"2980427366"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2019.2947659","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2019.2947659","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043441632","display_name":"Tasnuva Mahjabin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17301866","display_name":"University of Alabama","ror":"https://ror.org/03xrrjk67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17301866"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tasnuva Mahjabin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17301866"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046618429","display_name":"Yang Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8549-6794"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17301866","display_name":"University of Alabama","ror":"https://ror.org/03xrrjk67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17301866"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43313876","display_name":"Dalian Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/002b7nr53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, USA","Navigation College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8549-6794","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17301866"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Navigation College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025349097","display_name":"Tieshan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0474-953X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43313876","display_name":"Dalian Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/002b7nr53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tieshan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Navigation College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0474-953X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Navigation College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100643265","display_name":"C. L. Philip Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5451-7230"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43313876","display_name":"Dalian Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/002b7nr53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. L. Philip Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Navigation College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China","School of Computer Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5451-7230","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Navigation College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3404,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89401133,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"2","first_page":"986","last_page":"1000"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain-name-system","display_name":"Domain Name System","score":0.8036268949508667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7915924191474915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/denial-of-service-attack","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","score":0.7821868062019348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.6910872459411621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6852893829345703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.5618257522583008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/botnet","display_name":"Botnet","score":0.46872103214263916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4684721827507019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.12130656838417053}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35026560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8767","display_name":"Domain Name System","level":3,"score":0.8036268949508667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7915924191474915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38822068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131406","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","level":3,"score":0.7821868062019348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.6910872459411621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6852893829345703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.5618257522583008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22735295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317671","display_name":"Botnet","level":3,"score":0.46872103214263916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4684721827507019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.12130656838417053}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2019.2947659","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2019.2947659","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5600000023841858,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2205113730","display_name":"\u591a\u6e90\u5e72\u6270\u4e0b\u5177\u6709\u901a\u8baf\u7f51\u7edc\u62d3\u6251\u91cd\u6784\u673a\u5236\u7684\u591a\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u5305\u542b\u63a7\u5236\u53ca\u5e94\u7528","funder_award_id":"61803064","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5139682657","display_name":"\u6d77\u6d0b\u822a\u884c\u5668\u81ea\u4e3b\u822a\u884c\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"51939001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5750115239","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1813203","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G653700208","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61751202","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G935853612","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61976033)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W198024327","https://openalex.org/W1486426806","https://openalex.org/W1828150029","https://openalex.org/W1830706756","https://openalex.org/W1985977404","https://openalex.org/W1990255210","https://openalex.org/W2012638397","https://openalex.org/W2014696000","https://openalex.org/W2033818207","https://openalex.org/W2048259781","https://openalex.org/W2051000513","https://openalex.org/W2052336620","https://openalex.org/W2096805446","https://openalex.org/W2100132028","https://openalex.org/W2106379470","https://openalex.org/W2116935293","https://openalex.org/W2137292568","https://openalex.org/W2290966079","https://openalex.org/W2463017173","https://openalex.org/W2507380230","https://openalex.org/W2557449628","https://openalex.org/W2558595623","https://openalex.org/W2573339757","https://openalex.org/W2597638067","https://openalex.org/W2605076645","https://openalex.org/W2625013748","https://openalex.org/W2626437913","https://openalex.org/W2733765803","https://openalex.org/W2761001401","https://openalex.org/W2775195841","https://openalex.org/W2782090522","https://openalex.org/W2788455797","https://openalex.org/W2790664081","https://openalex.org/W2804566915","https://openalex.org/W2901349774","https://openalex.org/W2901462555","https://openalex.org/W2919597680","https://openalex.org/W2942571977","https://openalex.org/W2959627510","https://openalex.org/W4231497614","https://openalex.org/W4239048311","https://openalex.org/W4253708916","https://openalex.org/W4255942402","https://openalex.org/W4256048592","https://openalex.org/W6607977002","https://openalex.org/W6628906117"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2401158552","https://openalex.org/W4230824443","https://openalex.org/W2292210693","https://openalex.org/W2733931179","https://openalex.org/W1642214788","https://openalex.org/W2054545906","https://openalex.org/W2065991182","https://openalex.org/W3195171228","https://openalex.org/W2948569047","https://openalex.org/W596534943"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"domain":[1,174],"name":[2],"system":[3],"(DNS)":[4],"is":[5,17,23,161,204],"one":[6],"of":[7,12,50,61,72,92,133,170,172,215,218],"the":[8,13,48,64,78,109,134,138,168,173,194,197,225,229,236],"most":[9],"important":[10],"infrastructures":[11],"Internet":[14,49,79],"communication.":[15],"It":[16,45],"also":[18],"a":[19,39,69,97,120,129,178,185,190,201,216],"crucial":[20],"point":[21],"which":[22,125,148],"subjected":[24],"to":[25,107,167,211,222],"attacks.":[26],"The":[27],"largest":[28],"distributed":[29,122],"denial-of-service":[30],"(DDoS)":[31],"attack":[32,55,91,139],"on":[33],"October":[34],"21,":[35],"2016":[36],"has":[37],"targeted":[38],"major":[40,98],"DNS":[41,53,110,179,208,237],"infrastructure":[42],"named":[43],"dynDNS.":[44],"was":[46],"actually":[47],"Things":[51],"(IoT)":[52],"flood":[54,111,180],"that":[56,228],"made":[57],"more":[58],"than":[59],"half":[60],"websites":[62,221,230],"in":[63,82,101,206,224],"United":[65],"States":[66],"unreachable":[67],"for":[68,80,193],"significant":[70],"amount":[71],"time.":[73],"As":[74],"we":[75,104,183],"are":[76,105,239],"using":[77],"everything":[81],"our":[83,158],"life,":[84],"especially":[85],"health":[86],"care":[87],"and":[88,113,189],"transportation,":[89],"an":[90],"this":[93,102],"type":[94],"may":[95],"cause":[96],"disruption.":[99],"Therefore,":[100],"article,":[103],"going":[106],"analyze":[108],"attacks":[112],"propose":[114,119,184],"two":[115],"mitigation":[116,123,187,199],"methods.":[117],"We":[118],"load":[121],"process":[124],"will":[126],"work":[127],"as":[128,165],"quick":[130],"escape":[131],"route":[132],"legitimate":[135],"traffic":[136],"from":[137],"field.":[140],"Our":[141],"solution":[142,160],"mainly":[143],"involves":[144],"service":[145,155],"level":[146],"changes":[147],"can":[149,231],"be":[150,232],"implemented":[151],"with":[152],"collaboration":[153],"among":[154],"providers.":[156],"Also,":[157],"proposed":[159],"very":[162],"cost":[163,169],"effective":[164],"compared":[166],"downtime":[171],"names":[175],"caused":[176],"by":[177],"attack.":[181],"Furthermore,":[182],"benign-bot":[186,198],"method":[188],"business":[191],"model":[192],"method.":[195],"In":[196],"method,":[200],"bot":[202],"program":[203],"installed":[205],"customers'":[207],"local":[209],"servers":[210,238],"allow":[212],"IP":[213],"addresses":[214],"list":[217],"paid":[219],"businesses'":[220],"maintain":[223],"caches":[226],"so":[227],"accessed":[233],"even":[234],"when":[235],"down.":[240]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-01T09:00:35.917206","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
