{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2918899415","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2019.2902815","title":"Deep ${Q}$ -Network-Based Route Scheduling for TNC Vehicles With Passengers\u2019 Location Differential Privacy","display_name":"Deep ${Q}$ -Network-Based Route Scheduling for TNC Vehicles With Passengers\u2019 Location Differential Privacy","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-03-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2918899415","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2019.2902815","mag":"2918899415"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2019.2902815","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2019.2902815","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://repository.lsu.edu/eecs_pubs/2288","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020681881","display_name":"Dian Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9219-5516"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dian Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006252544","display_name":"Jiahao Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2867-4133"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiahao Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019193172","display_name":"Sai Mounika Errapotu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3759-3802"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sai Mounika Errapotu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100750973","display_name":"Hao Yue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4112-6684"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71838634","display_name":"San Francisco State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ykr0121","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71838634"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Yue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71838634"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059494893","display_name":"Wenjun Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8767-4742"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenjun Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045399903","display_name":"Xiangwei Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3918-9555"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121820613","display_name":"Louisiana State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ect4e57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangwei Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047722991","display_name":"Miao Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2138-4413"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miao Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020681881"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.5913,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":54,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94583578,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"5","first_page":"7681","last_page":"7692"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7726893424987793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upload","display_name":"Upload","score":0.6938470602035522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schedule","display_name":"Schedule","score":0.6305025219917297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.5915269255638123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.45273274183273315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/revenue","display_name":"Revenue","score":0.4298692047595978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential-privacy","display_name":"Differential privacy","score":0.42664068937301636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.33306920528411865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.0974222719669342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.0908956527709961}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7726893424987793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71901391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7126699","display_name":"Upload","level":2,"score":0.6938470602035522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68387754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7271585","display_name":"Schedule","level":2,"score":0.6305025219917297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.5915269255638123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.45273274183273315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195487862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850210","display_name":"Revenue","level":2,"score":0.4298692047595978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23130292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5275358","display_name":"Differential privacy","level":2,"score":0.42664068937301636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.33306920528411865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0974222719669342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0908956527709961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2019.2902815","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2019.2902815","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.lsu.edu:eecs_pubs-3290","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.lsu.edu/eecs_pubs/2288","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169993","display_name":"Civil War Book Review","issn_l":"1528-6592","issn":["1528-6592"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315936","host_organization_name":"Louisiana State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315936"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Louisiana State University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty Publications","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.lsu.edu:eecs_pubs-3290","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.lsu.edu/eecs_pubs/2288","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169993","display_name":"Civil War Book Review","issn_l":"1528-6592","issn":["1528-6592"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315936","host_organization_name":"Louisiana State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315936"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Louisiana State University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty Publications","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.44999998807907104,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1107234028","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U.S. CNS-1350230 (CAREER)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1811992443","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61871057","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4420493376","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U.S. CNS-1560437","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5072586218","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-1646607","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6032895720","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-1801925","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G721611289","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-1702850","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W26726511","https://openalex.org/W1532761024","https://openalex.org/W1757796397","https://openalex.org/W1849004785","https://openalex.org/W2004915866","https://openalex.org/W2025766355","https://openalex.org/W2064054831","https://openalex.org/W2076063813","https://openalex.org/W2082894754","https://openalex.org/W2109426455","https://openalex.org/W2116179650","https://openalex.org/W2121863487","https://openalex.org/W2145339207","https://openalex.org/W2148728861","https://openalex.org/W2149783190","https://openalex.org/W2155968351","https://openalex.org/W2173564293","https://openalex.org/W2201581102","https://openalex.org/W2290354866","https://openalex.org/W2539085224","https://openalex.org/W2557283755","https://openalex.org/W2746553466","https://openalex.org/W2757649114","https://openalex.org/W2787510452","https://openalex.org/W2804501159","https://openalex.org/W2883604755","https://openalex.org/W2903700589","https://openalex.org/W2915749536","https://openalex.org/W2950471160","https://openalex.org/W2951799221","https://openalex.org/W2963276097","https://openalex.org/W2963477884","https://openalex.org/W4214717370","https://openalex.org/W4298857966","https://openalex.org/W6637967152","https://openalex.org/W6651608069","https://openalex.org/W6666772874","https://openalex.org/W6685444567","https://openalex.org/W6687681856","https://openalex.org/W6696324988","https://openalex.org/W6717230150","https://openalex.org/W6744432492"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3038283795","https://openalex.org/W2604501336","https://openalex.org/W2558166297","https://openalex.org/W2734500670","https://openalex.org/W2315671126","https://openalex.org/W798507144","https://openalex.org/W2964481303","https://openalex.org/W2944823289","https://openalex.org/W1751413323","https://openalex.org/W3037018281"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"transportation":[1],"network":[2],"company":[3],"(TNC)":[4],"services":[5,23],"efficiently":[6],"pair":[7],"the":[8,11,26,40,52,56,66,71,97,104,111,114,126,134,141,143,167,171,176,182,191,197,201,220,227,236],"passengers":[9],"with":[10],"vehicles/drivers":[12],"through":[13],"mobile":[14],"applications,":[15],"such":[16,130],"as":[17,131],"Uber,":[18],"Lyft,":[19],"Didi,":[20],"etc.":[21],"TNC":[22,44,48,53,80,91,98,106,116,128,135,146,159,232,239],"definitely":[24],"facilitate":[25],"traveling":[27],"of":[28,42,133,230,238],"passengers,":[29],"while":[30],"it":[31],"is":[32,62,223],"equally":[33],"important":[34],"to":[35,46,60,64,78,101,170,189],"effectively":[36],"and":[37,69,109,149,174,234],"intelligently":[38],"schedule":[39,110],"routes":[41,112],"cruising":[43,67,228],"vehicles":[45,77,160,233],"improve":[47,70],"drivers'":[49,54],"revenues.":[50],"From":[51],"side,":[55],"most":[57],"critical":[58],"question":[59],"address":[61],"how":[63],"reduce":[65],"time,":[68],"efficiency/earnings":[72],"by":[73,196],"using":[74,207],"their":[75],"own":[76],"provide":[79],"services.":[81],"In":[82,118],"this":[83],"paper,":[84],"we":[85,120,180,217],"propose":[86],"a":[87,151],"deep":[88,152],"reinforcement":[89],"learning-based":[90],"route":[92,154],"scheduling":[93,155],"approach,":[94],"which":[95,165],"allows":[96],"service":[99,107],"center":[100],"learn":[102],"about":[103],"dynamic":[105],"environment":[108],"for":[113,157],"vacant":[115,158,231],"vehicles.":[117],"particular,":[119],"jointly":[121],"consider":[122],"multiple":[123],"factors":[124],"in":[125,225],"complex":[127],"environment,":[129],"locations":[132],"vehicles,":[136,147],"different":[137],"time":[138,229],"periods":[139],"during":[140],"day,":[142],"competition":[144],"among":[145],"etc.,":[148],"develop":[150],"Q-network-based":[153],"algorithm":[156],"based":[161,185],"on":[162,186],"distributed":[163],"framework,":[164],"makes":[166],"server":[168],"closer":[169],"terminal":[172],"users":[173],"accelerates":[175],"training":[177],"speed.":[178],"Furthermore,":[179],"apply":[181],"geo-indistinguishability":[183],"scheme":[184,222],"differential":[187],"privacy":[188],"preserve":[190],"sensitive":[192],"location":[193],"information":[194],"uploaded":[195],"passengers.":[198],"We":[199],"evaluate":[200],"proposed":[202,221],"algorithm's":[203],"performance":[204],"via":[205],"simulations":[206],"open":[208],"data":[209],"sets":[210],"from":[211],"Didi":[212],"Chuxing.":[213],"Through":[214],"extensive":[215],"simulations,":[216],"show":[218],"that":[219],"effective":[224],"reducing":[226],"improving":[235],"earnings":[237],"drivers.":[240]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
