{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2914397992","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2019.2897434","title":"Identification of Vulnerable Lines in Smart Grid Systems Based on Affinity Propagation Clustering","display_name":"Identification of Vulnerable Lines in Smart Grid Systems Based on Affinity Propagation Clustering","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-02-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2914397992","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2019.2897434","mag":"2914397992"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2019.2897434","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2019.2897434","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019590395","display_name":"Qinghe Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4397-9154"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qinghe Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100434938","display_name":"Yawei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9480-1145"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193531525","display_name":"George Washington University","ror":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yawei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9480-1145","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100692488","display_name":"Xiuzhen Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5912-4647"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193531525","display_name":"George Washington University","ror":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiuzhen Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5912-4647","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100624236","display_name":"Jiguo Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6451-1158"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152269853","display_name":"Qilu University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04hyzq608","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152269853"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142748","display_name":"Shandong Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04y8d6y55","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiguo Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6451-1158","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152269853","https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100329931","display_name":"Xi Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3135-4114"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093000","display_name":"Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute North America","ror":"https://ror.org/00efwap41","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17442442","https://openalex.org/I4210093000"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xi Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Development and Planning Department, GEIRI North America, San Jose, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Development and Planning Department, GEIRI North America, San Jose, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093000"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080987681","display_name":"Tao Jing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5277-1729"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Jing","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.7077,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":42,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89878926,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"3","first_page":"5163","last_page":"5171"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13183","display_name":"Islanding Detection in Power Systems","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10972","display_name":"Power Systems Fault Detection","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.788001298904419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-grid","display_name":"Smart grid","score":0.7595170736312866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7390403747558594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correctness","display_name":"Correctness","score":0.7149640321731567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.5481078028678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.5297849178314209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cascading-failure","display_name":"Cascading failure","score":0.5001075267791748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.46777620911598206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4672313332557678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.43121621012687683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/partition","display_name":"Partition (number theory)","score":0.413131445646286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.21086007356643677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16425186395645142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.15841016173362732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08802467584609985}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.788001298904419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.7595170736312866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7390403747558594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55439883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q360812","display_name":"Correctness","level":2,"score":0.7149640321731567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5481078028678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.5297849178314209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119323957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5048226","display_name":"Cascading failure","level":4,"score":0.5001075267791748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.46777620911598206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4672313332557678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.43121621012687683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1082910","display_name":"Partition (number theory)","level":2,"score":0.413131445646286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.21086007356643677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16425186395645142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.15841016173362732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08802467584609985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2019.2897434","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2019.2897434","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1229226939","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61373027","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1262521794","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IIS-1741279","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1504478148","display_name":"\u9762\u5411\u591a\u5740MIMO\u7684\u534f\u4f5c\u5e72\u6270\u7b56\u7565\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61771289","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4443711357","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u591a\u4f20\u8f93\u673a\u5236\u7684\u65e0\u7ebf\u7f51\u7edc\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u8ba1\u7b97","funder_award_id":"61672321","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7163822104","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61832012","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8402487903","display_name":"\u534f\u4f5c\u8ba4\u77e5\u65e0\u7ebf\u7535\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7269\u7406\u5c42\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61572070","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W133583748","https://openalex.org/W1922704722","https://openalex.org/W1945760464","https://openalex.org/W2008903039","https://openalex.org/W2061928787","https://openalex.org/W2072641892","https://openalex.org/W2090668741","https://openalex.org/W2098897917","https://openalex.org/W2106253517","https://openalex.org/W2106424475","https://openalex.org/W2124775310","https://openalex.org/W2144582115","https://openalex.org/W2153268908","https://openalex.org/W2163283662","https://openalex.org/W2164735154","https://openalex.org/W2165232124","https://openalex.org/W2246941494","https://openalex.org/W2370349888","https://openalex.org/W2596636257","https://openalex.org/W2597776218","https://openalex.org/W2889881116","https://openalex.org/W6605427264","https://openalex.org/W6666044432","https://openalex.org/W6673083800","https://openalex.org/W6678719852","https://openalex.org/W6684278995"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1667647204","https://openalex.org/W2404647514","https://openalex.org/W4247536566","https://openalex.org/W4241418540","https://openalex.org/W2018477250","https://openalex.org/W3119814709","https://openalex.org/W1508895727","https://openalex.org/W2725786787","https://openalex.org/W1590965489","https://openalex.org/W2532099551"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"smart":[1,26,39,117],"grid":[2,27,40,118],"systems,":[3],"vulnerable":[4,18,51,103],"lines":[5,19,114],"may":[6],"lead":[7],"to":[8,76,96],"cascading":[9,34],"failures":[10],"which":[11,107],"can":[12,20],"cause":[13],"large-scale":[14],"blackouts.":[15],"Successfully":[16],"detecting":[17],"increase":[21],"the":[22,25,31,48,61,65,82,88,97,116,122,127],"stability":[23],"of":[24,33,50,84,111,131],"systems":[28],"and":[29,64,129],"reduce":[30],"risk":[32],"failures.":[35],"By":[36,58],"modeling":[37],"a":[38,43,55,102],"system":[41,125],"into":[42,79],"directed":[44],"graph,":[45],"we":[46,68,100],"investigate":[47],"problem":[49],"line":[52,104],"identification":[53,105],"from":[54],"clustering":[56,74,98],"perspective.":[57],"jointly":[59],"considering":[60],"topological":[62],"parameters":[63],"electrical":[66],"properties,":[67],"propose":[69],"an":[70],"affinity":[71],"propagation-based":[72],"bus":[73,91,124],"algorithm":[75],"classify":[77],"buses":[78],"clusters,":[80],"where":[81],"center":[83],"each":[85,93],"cluster":[86],"represents":[87],"most":[89],"influential":[90],"in":[92,115],"partition.":[94],"According":[95],"results,":[99],"design":[101],"scheme,":[106],"captures":[108],"different":[109],"types":[110],"potential":[112],"critical":[113],"system.":[119],"Experiments":[120],"over":[121],"IEEE-39":[123],"demonstrate":[126],"effectiveness":[128],"correctness":[130],"our":[132],"proposed":[133],"algorithm.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
