{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2900703377","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2018.2882783","title":"Dynamic Edge Computation Offloading for Internet of Things With Energy Harvesting: A Learning Method","display_name":"Dynamic Edge Computation Offloading for Internet of Things With Energy Harvesting: A Learning Method","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-11-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2900703377","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2018.2882783","mag":"2900703377"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2018.2882783","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2018.2882783","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072186998","display_name":"Ziling Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7858-1445"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziling Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7858-1445","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055202882","display_name":"Baokang Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9200-9018"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baokang Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer, National University of Defense and Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9200-9018","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer, National University of Defense and Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055375948","display_name":"Jinshu Su","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9273-616X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinshu Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science and Technology on Parallel and Distributed Laboratory, National University of Defense and Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology on Parallel and Distributed Laboratory, National University of Defense and Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102809441","display_name":"Xicheng Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9249-4256"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xicheng Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science and Technology on Parallel and Distributed Laboratory, National University of Defense and Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology on Parallel and Distributed Laboratory, National University of Defense and Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.2818,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":135,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98228415,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"3","first_page":"4436","last_page":"4447"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13553","display_name":"Age of Information Optimization","score":0.9919000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation-offloading","display_name":"Computation offloading","score":0.8944903612136841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8575147390365601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-decision-process","display_name":"Markov decision process","score":0.809761106967926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.7815862894058228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-edge-computing","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","score":0.6556571125984192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.5358131527900696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-computing","display_name":"Edge computing","score":0.49960780143737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.47965008020401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.45523762702941895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-device","display_name":"Mobile device","score":0.42561689019203186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.37100446224212646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-process","display_name":"Markov process","score":0.36719030141830444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2469266653060913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.24395453929901123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.21623581647872925}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781041963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18348618","display_name":"Computation offloading","level":4,"score":0.8944903612136841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8575147390365601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106189395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176789","display_name":"Markov decision process","level":3,"score":0.809761106967926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.7815862894058228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776061582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25325231","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","level":3,"score":0.6556571125984192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.5358131527900696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.49960780143737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.47965008020401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.45523762702941895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.42561689019203186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.37100446224212646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159886148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov process","level":2,"score":0.36719030141830444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2469266653060913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.24395453929901123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.21623581647872925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2018.2882783","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2018.2882783","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8299999833106995,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","display_name":"China Scholarship Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04atp4p48"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W41554520","https://openalex.org/W1262401806","https://openalex.org/W1505888104","https://openalex.org/W1605638720","https://openalex.org/W1981267135","https://openalex.org/W2052688942","https://openalex.org/W2071151103","https://openalex.org/W2071983464","https://openalex.org/W2121863487","https://openalex.org/W2145339207","https://openalex.org/W2182132145","https://openalex.org/W2315452928","https://openalex.org/W2397723600","https://openalex.org/W2400861403","https://openalex.org/W2513158035","https://openalex.org/W2514892827","https://openalex.org/W2522020580","https://openalex.org/W2593769694","https://openalex.org/W2594560857","https://openalex.org/W2599106590","https://openalex.org/W2605945764","https://openalex.org/W2608659040","https://openalex.org/W2739742920","https://openalex.org/W2740690101","https://openalex.org/W2744588164","https://openalex.org/W2768927832","https://openalex.org/W2777781531","https://openalex.org/W2792381759","https://openalex.org/W2792888413","https://openalex.org/W2794245731","https://openalex.org/W2795765720","https://openalex.org/W2801372430","https://openalex.org/W2805430140","https://openalex.org/W2886472289","https://openalex.org/W2962684787","https://openalex.org/W2962856838","https://openalex.org/W3106445841","https://openalex.org/W3125728653","https://openalex.org/W4212997603","https://openalex.org/W4297692223"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4200420173","https://openalex.org/W3120617837","https://openalex.org/W3127808443","https://openalex.org/W2916011811","https://openalex.org/W3034137700","https://openalex.org/W4362496467","https://openalex.org/W2896883851","https://openalex.org/W2902693277","https://openalex.org/W4378977105","https://openalex.org/W2796352555"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Mobile":[0],"edge":[1],"computing":[2],"(MEC)":[3],"has":[4],"recently":[5],"emerged":[6],"as":[7,119],"a":[8,93,120,187,255],"promising":[9],"paradigm":[10],"to":[11,24,45,50,69,79,140,179,195,212],"meet":[12],"the":[13,25,30,40,47,51,57,71,74,80,84,88,104,115,142,148,167,172,182,197,207,214,230,240,250],"increasing":[14],"computation":[15,27,35,100,116],"demands":[16],"in":[17,171],"Internet":[18],"of":[19,29,61,73,83,153,169,229,243],"Things":[20],"(IoT).":[21],"However,":[22,77],"due":[23,78],"limited":[26,58],"capacity":[28,60],"MEC":[31,52,106,224],"server,":[32,53],"an":[33,98,159,201],"efficient":[34,220],"offloading":[36,101,117,144,216,231],"scheme,":[37],"which":[38,247],"means":[39],"IoT":[41,62,75],"device":[42],"decides":[43],"whether":[44],"offload":[46],"generated":[48,85],"data":[49,86],"is":[54,67,92,131,175,193,210],"needed.":[55,132],"Considering":[56],"battery":[59],"devices,":[63],"energy":[64],"harvesting":[65],"(EH)":[66],"introduced":[68,194],"enhance":[70],"lifetime":[72],"systems.":[76],"unpredictability":[81],"nature":[82],"and":[87],"harvested":[89],"energy,":[90],"it":[91],"challenging":[94],"problem":[95],"when":[96],"designing":[97],"effective":[99],"scheme":[102],"for":[103,161,206,222],"EH":[105],"system.":[107],"To":[108,146,218],"cope":[109],"with":[110,181],"this":[111],"problem,":[112],"we":[113,156],"model":[114],"process":[118,123],"Markov":[121],"decision":[122],"(MDP)":[124],"so":[125,165],"that":[126,166],"no":[127],"prior":[128],"statistic":[129],"information":[130],"Then,":[133,178],"reinforcement":[134,203],"learning":[135,154,198,204],"algorithms":[136],"can":[137],"be":[138],"adopted":[139],"derive":[141],"optimal":[143,215],"policy.":[145,217],"address":[147],"large":[149],"time":[150],"complexity":[151],"challenge":[152],"algorithms,":[155],"first":[157],"introduce":[158],"after-state":[160,202],"each":[162],"state-action":[163],"pair":[164],"number":[168],"states":[170],"formulated":[173,208],"MDP":[174,209],"largely":[176],"decreased.":[177],"deal":[180],"continuous":[183],"state":[184],"space":[185],"challenge,":[186],"polynomial":[188],"value":[189],"function":[190],"approximation":[191],"method":[192],"accelerate":[196],"process.":[199],"Thus,":[200],"algorithm":[205],"proposed":[211,245],"obtain":[213],"provide":[219],"instructions":[221],"real":[223],"systems,":[225],"several":[226],"analytical":[227],"properties":[228],"policy":[232],"are":[233],"also":[234],"presented.":[235],"Our":[236],"simulation":[237],"results":[238],"validate":[239],"great":[241],"performance":[242],"our":[244],"algorithm,":[246],"significantly":[248],"improves":[249],"achieved":[251],"system":[252],"reward":[253],"under":[254],"reasonable":[256],"complexity.":[257]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}