{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2766807000","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2017.2766085","title":"ADF: An Anomaly Detection Framework for Large-Scale PM2.5 Sensing Systems","display_name":"ADF: An Anomaly Detection Framework for Large-Scale PM2.5 Sensing Systems","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-10-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2766807000","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2017.2766085","mag":"2766807000"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2017.2766085","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2017.2766085","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100428785","display_name":"Ling\u2010Jyh Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5667-7764"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098366","display_name":"Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica","ror":"https://ror.org/00z83z196","country_code":"TW","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098366","https://openalex.org/I84653119"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ling-Jyh Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academia Sinica, Institute of Information Science, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5667-7764","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academia Sinica, Institute of Information Science, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054984934","display_name":"Yao-Hua Ho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7993-525X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134161618","display_name":"National Taiwan Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/059dkdx38","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134161618"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yao-Hua Ho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7993-525X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134161618"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025213400","display_name":"Hsin-Hung Hsieh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5879-1552"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098366","display_name":"Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica","ror":"https://ror.org/00z83z196","country_code":"TW","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098366","https://openalex.org/I84653119"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hsin-Hung Hsieh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academia Sinica, Institute of Information Science, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5879-1552","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academia Sinica, Institute of Information Science, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032889270","display_name":"Shih\u2010Ting Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8261-7079"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098366","display_name":"Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica","ror":"https://ror.org/00z83z196","country_code":"TW","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098366","https://openalex.org/I84653119"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shih-Ting Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academia Sinica, Institute of Information Science, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academia Sinica, Institute of Information Science, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083385772","display_name":"Hu-Cheng Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098366","display_name":"Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica","ror":"https://ror.org/00z83z196","country_code":"TW","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098366","https://openalex.org/I84653119"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hu-Cheng Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academia Sinica, Institute of Information Science, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academia Sinica, Institute of Information Science, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098366"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004099218","display_name":"Sachit Mahajan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9558-8895"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098366","display_name":"Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica","ror":"https://ror.org/00z83z196","country_code":"TW","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098366","https://openalex.org/I84653119"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sachit Mahajan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academia Sinica, Institute of Information Science, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9558-8895","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academia Sinica, Institute of Information Science, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098366"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.7092,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":131,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98191046,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"2","first_page":"559","last_page":"570"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12120","display_name":"Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12120","display_name":"Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":0.9869999885559082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-detection","display_name":"Anomaly detection","score":0.8671265840530396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6247466206550598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outlier","display_name":"Outlier","score":0.5943330526351929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.5242355465888977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranking","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","score":0.48013970255851746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4510927200317383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly","display_name":"Anomaly (physics)","score":0.4492810368537903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/raw-data","display_name":"Raw data","score":0.4364367425441742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.42362916469573975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-quality","display_name":"Data quality","score":0.4187208414077759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.4027838706970215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.3522694706916809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16461598873138428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.16056659817695618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1292935013771057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.12750524282455444}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.8671265840530396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6247466206550598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79337645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q779824","display_name":"Outlier","level":2,"score":0.5943330526351929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.5242355465888977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189430467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293293","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","level":2,"score":0.48013970255851746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4510927200317383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12997251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q567560","display_name":"Anomaly (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4492810368537903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132964779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2110223","display_name":"Raw data","level":2,"score":0.4364367425441742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.42362916469573975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24756922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1757694","display_name":"Data quality","level":3,"score":0.4187208414077759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4027838706970215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3522694706916809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16461598873138428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.16056659817695618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1292935013771057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.12750524282455444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26873012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2017.2766085","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2017.2766085","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7400000095367432,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1282299213","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AS-104-SS-A02","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321041","funder_display_name":"Academia Sinica"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G282109033","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"106-3114-E-001-004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5301608960","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"106-3011-F-001-001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8336099320","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"105-2221-E-001-016-MY3","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321041","display_name":"Academia Sinica","ror":"https://ror.org/05bxb3784"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","ror":"https://ror.org/02kv4zf79"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W656066808","https://openalex.org/W1627303300","https://openalex.org/W1975635805","https://openalex.org/W1976864230","https://openalex.org/W1999840231","https://openalex.org/W2011000754","https://openalex.org/W2037589269","https://openalex.org/W2038384979","https://openalex.org/W2044260174","https://openalex.org/W2045295736","https://openalex.org/W2074508673","https://openalex.org/W2079204536","https://openalex.org/W2091504096","https://openalex.org/W2100501648","https://openalex.org/W2117257995","https://openalex.org/W2122053769","https://openalex.org/W2132987460","https://openalex.org/W2150535509","https://openalex.org/W2154432497","https://openalex.org/W2168990813","https://openalex.org/W2170880743","https://openalex.org/W2289128632","https://openalex.org/W2319794630","https://openalex.org/W2464378547","https://openalex.org/W2491777287","https://openalex.org/W2496311324","https://openalex.org/W2528215076","https://openalex.org/W2730157627","https://openalex.org/W3016054986","https://openalex.org/W3036254102","https://openalex.org/W6696332616","https://openalex.org/W6780032835"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3111802945","https://openalex.org/W2912112202","https://openalex.org/W1595351371","https://openalex.org/W3116762327","https://openalex.org/W2099190580","https://openalex.org/W2010489518","https://openalex.org/W2010254953","https://openalex.org/W2561384642","https://openalex.org/W3170920059","https://openalex.org/W4214777637"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0,36],"the":[1,8,59,69,108,149,155,163,177],"population":[2],"density":[3],"continues":[4],"to":[5,192,201],"grow":[6],"in":[7,51,107,162],"urban":[9],"settings,":[10],"air":[11],"quality":[12],"is":[13,67,90,189],"degrading":[14],"and":[15,104,135,180,196],"becoming":[16],"a":[17,29,37,39,129],"serious":[18],"issue.":[19],"Air":[20],"pollution,":[21],"especially":[22],"fine":[23],"particulate":[24],"matter":[25],"(PM2.5),":[26],"has":[27],"raised":[28],"series":[30],"of":[31,41,58,92,184],"concerns":[32],"for":[33,62,82,131],"public":[34,179],"health.":[35],"result,":[38],"number":[40],"large-scale,":[42,83],"low":[43],"cost":[44],"PM2.5":[45],"monitoring":[46],"systems":[47,66],"have":[48],"been":[49],"deployed":[50],"several":[52],"international":[53],"smart":[54],"city":[55],"projects.":[56],"One":[57],"major":[60],"challenges":[61],"such":[63],"environmental":[64,85,205],"sensing":[65,86,133,206],"ensuring":[68],"data":[70,112,147,166],"quality.":[71],"In":[72],"this":[73],"paper,":[74],"we":[75,152],"propose":[76],"an":[77],"anomaly":[78,97],"detection":[79,98],"framework":[80,89,157],"(ADF)":[81],"real-world":[84],"systems.":[87,207],"The":[88],"composed":[91],"four":[93],"modules:":[94],"1)":[95],"time-sliced":[96],"(TSAD),":[99],"which":[100,118,127,139],"detects":[101,119],"spatial,":[102],"temporal,":[103],"spatio-temporal":[105],"anomalies":[106],"real-time":[109,115],"sensor":[110],"measurement":[111,146,165],"stream;":[113],"2)":[114],"emission":[116,122],"detection,":[117,138],"potential":[120],"regional":[121],"sources;":[123],"3)":[124],"device":[125],"ranking,":[126],"provides":[128],"ranking":[130],"each":[132],"device;":[134],"4)":[136],"malfunction":[137],"identifies":[140],"malfunctioning":[141],"devices.":[142],"Using":[143],"real":[144],"world":[145],"from":[148],"AirBox":[150],"project,":[151],"demonstrate":[153],"that":[154,173],"proposed":[156],"can":[158,198],"effectively":[159],"identify":[160],"outliers":[161],"raw":[164],"as":[167,169],"well":[168],"infer":[170],"anomalous":[171],"events":[172],"are":[174],"perceivable":[175],"by":[176],"general":[178],"government":[181],"authorities.":[182],"Because":[183],"its":[185],"simple":[186],"design,":[187],"ADF":[188],"highly":[190],"extensible":[191],"other":[193],"advanced":[194],"applications,":[195],"it":[197],"be":[199],"exploited":[200],"support":[202],"various":[203],"large-scale":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
