{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2749247755","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2017.2740569","title":"Blockchain-Based Dynamic Key Management for Heterogeneous Intelligent Transportation Systems","display_name":"Blockchain-Based Dynamic Key Management for Heterogeneous Intelligent Transportation Systems","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-08-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2749247755","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2017.2740569","mag":"2749247755"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2017.2740569","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2017.2740569","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/131877/1/2017_IEEE_IoT.Journa_.Ao_Lei_Final.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043784918","display_name":"Ao Lei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8578-0784"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ao Lei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Communication Systems, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8578-0784","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Communication Systems, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027320121","display_name":"Haitham Cruickshank","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haitham Cruickshank","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Communication Systems, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Communication Systems, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006794082","display_name":"Yue Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2098-7637"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32394136","display_name":"Northumbria University","ror":"https://ror.org/049e6bc10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32394136"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yue Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2098-7637","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32394136"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071755661","display_name":"Philip Asuquo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4888-5461"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philip Asuquo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Communication Systems, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Communication Systems, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082070784","display_name":"Chibueze P. Anyigor Ogah","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chibueze P. Anyigor Ogah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Communication Systems, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Communication Systems, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058697093","display_name":"Zhili Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1909-4946"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhili Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Communication Systems, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1909-4946","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Communication Systems, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":162.0432,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":604,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99974937,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"6","first_page":"1832","last_page":"1843"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11504","display_name":"Advanced Authentication Protocols Security","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rekeying","display_name":"Rekeying","score":0.8673821687698364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8130204677581787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.696163535118103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-management","display_name":"Key management","score":0.6268688440322876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-transportation-system","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","score":0.5397205948829651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5109964609146118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.48495176434516907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heterogeneous-network","display_name":"Heterogeneous network","score":0.4840466380119324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-domain","display_name":"Security domain","score":0.46446412801742554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4502793550491333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.4404720962047577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4361695647239685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.39213746786117554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.2259562611579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.22371059656143188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.13335755467414856}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127150765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310605","display_name":"Rekeying","level":4,"score":0.8673821687698364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8130204677581787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.696163535118103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17886624","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1320561","display_name":"Key management","level":3,"score":0.6268688440322876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47796450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q508378","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","level":2,"score":0.5397205948829651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5109964609146118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.48495176434516907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158207573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5747224","display_name":"Heterogeneous network","level":4,"score":0.4840466380119324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780264999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7445032","display_name":"Security domain","level":2,"score":0.46446412801742554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4502793550491333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.4404720962047577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4361695647239685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.39213746786117554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.2259562611579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.22371059656143188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.13335755467414856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2017.2740569","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2017.2740569","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.lancs.ac.uk:131877","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/131877/1/2017_IEEE_IoT.Journa_.Ao_Lei_Final.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401916","display_name":"Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","host_organization_name":"Lancaster University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:epubs.surrey.ac.uk:841948","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/841948/1/AoLei%20IEEE%20IoT%20Journal%20Final%20Version.%20Blockchain-Based%20Dynamic%20Key%20Management%20for%20Heterogeneous%20Intelligent%20Transportation%20Systems.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400680","display_name":"Surrey Research Insight Open Access (The University of Surrey)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","host_organization_name":"University of Surrey","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.lancs.ac.uk:131877","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/131877/1/2017_IEEE_IoT.Journa_.Ao_Lei_Final.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401916","display_name":"Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","host_organization_name":"Lancaster University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1038631291","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/N023358/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2711952031","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/R006938/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4314500828","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/N02334X/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6953541449","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/N002717/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2749247755.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2749247755.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W48121275","https://openalex.org/W1504901460","https://openalex.org/W1559136758","https://openalex.org/W1587889742","https://openalex.org/W1600255172","https://openalex.org/W1880212920","https://openalex.org/W1980974075","https://openalex.org/W1993087005","https://openalex.org/W2013613544","https://openalex.org/W2013699853","https://openalex.org/W2019267322","https://openalex.org/W2022649085","https://openalex.org/W2023835067","https://openalex.org/W2024047852","https://openalex.org/W2029510278","https://openalex.org/W2057248704","https://openalex.org/W2062789233","https://openalex.org/W2097539178","https://openalex.org/W2105685537","https://openalex.org/W2107846430","https://openalex.org/W2112004167","https://openalex.org/W2112525087","https://openalex.org/W2113285507","https://openalex.org/W2119596466","https://openalex.org/W2120176508","https://openalex.org/W2140728844","https://openalex.org/W2149713648","https://openalex.org/W2159584786","https://openalex.org/W2169239645","https://openalex.org/W2335146458","https://openalex.org/W2336586432","https://openalex.org/W2344315989","https://openalex.org/W2346606088","https://openalex.org/W2514609519","https://openalex.org/W2522448907","https://openalex.org/W2530317571","https://openalex.org/W2531399364","https://openalex.org/W2561966715","https://openalex.org/W2586730689","https://openalex.org/W2596636257","https://openalex.org/W2729396025","https://openalex.org/W3152135288","https://openalex.org/W4248175462","https://openalex.org/W6676474364","https://openalex.org/W6677251453","https://openalex.org/W6728127007","https://openalex.org/W7043329024"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2518763300","https://openalex.org/W211146613","https://openalex.org/W2055607619","https://openalex.org/W2187717998","https://openalex.org/W2051465998","https://openalex.org/W2361436777","https://openalex.org/W2338204483","https://openalex.org/W2059164665","https://openalex.org/W35292217","https://openalex.org/W3152135288"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"modern":[1],"vehicle":[2,105],"and":[3,32,38,113,180,185],"communication":[4,50],"technologies":[5],"advanced":[6],"apace,":[7],"people":[8],"begin":[9],"to":[10,28,34,110,117,146,168,217],"believe":[11],"that":[12],"the":[13,29,88,100,104,120,148,160,163,171,183,188,193,205,212],"Intelligent":[14],"Transportation":[15],"System":[16],"(ITS)":[17],"would":[18],"be":[19,55],"achievable":[20],"in":[21,48,99,152,191,198],"one":[22],"decade.":[23],"ITS":[24],"introduces":[25],"information":[26],"technology":[27],"transportation":[30],"infrastructures":[31],"aims":[33],"improve":[35],"road":[36],"safety":[37],"traffic":[39,221],"efficiency.":[40],"However,":[41],"security":[42,92,122],"is":[43,130,144],"still":[44],"a":[45,69,80,96,131,137,208],"main":[46],"concern":[47],"vehicular":[49],"systems":[51],"(VCSs).":[52],"This":[53],"can":[54],"addressed":[56],"through":[57],"secured":[58],"group":[59],"broadcast.":[60],"Therefore,":[61],"secure":[62,84],"key":[63,85,97,150,172,201],"management":[64,86,151],"schemes":[65],"are":[66],"considered":[67],"as":[68],"critical":[70],"technique":[71],"for":[72,82],"network":[73,133],"security.":[74],"In":[75],"this":[76,128],"paper,":[77],"we":[78],"propose":[79],"framework":[81,101,129,161],"providing":[83],"within":[87,119],"heterogeneous":[89,153],"network.":[90],"The":[91,124,141,156],"managers":[93],"(SMs)":[94],"play":[95],"role":[98],"by":[102],"capturing":[103],"departure":[106],"information,":[107],"encapsulating":[108],"block":[109],"transport":[111],"keys":[112],"then":[114],"executing":[115],"rekeying":[116],"vehicles":[118,176],"same":[121],"domain.":[123],"first":[125],"part":[126,158],"of":[127,159,187,200],"novel":[132],"topology":[134],"based":[135],"on":[136],"decentralized":[138],"blockchain":[139,142,194],"structure.":[140],"concept":[143],"proposed":[145,189],"simplify":[147],"distributed":[149],"VCS":[154],"domains.":[155],"second":[157],"uses":[162],"dynamic":[164,213],"transaction":[165],"collection":[166],"period":[167],"further":[169],"reduce":[170],"transfer":[173,202],"time":[174,203],"during":[175],"handover.":[177],"Extensive":[178],"simulations":[179],"analysis":[181],"show":[182],"effectiveness":[184],"efficiency":[186],"framework,":[190],"which":[192],"structure":[195,206],"performs":[196],"better":[197],"term":[199],"than":[204],"with":[207],"central":[209],"manager,":[210],"while":[211],"scheme":[214],"allows":[215],"SMs":[216],"flexibly":[218],"fit":[219],"various":[220],"levels.":[222]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":46},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":68},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":91},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":100},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":104},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":105},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":45},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}