{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2592713025","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2017.2699976","title":"IoT Localization for Bistatic Passive UHF RFID Systems With 3-D Radiation Pattern","display_name":"IoT Localization for Bistatic Passive UHF RFID Systems With 3-D Radiation Pattern","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-05-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2592713025","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2017.2699976","mag":"2592713025"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2017.2699976","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2017.2699976","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1702.04398","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048637322","display_name":"Bekir Sait \u00c7iftler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0229-0745"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19700959","display_name":"Florida International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02gz6gg07","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bekir Sait Ciftler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0229-0745","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101122867","display_name":"Abdullah Kadri","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092118","display_name":"Qatar Mobility Innovations Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00dgyys91","country_code":"QA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092118"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdullah Kadri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qatar Mobility Innovations Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qatar Mobility Innovations Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092118","https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016722903","display_name":"\u0130smail G\u00fcven\u00e7","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1387-6242"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ismail Guvenc","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.0367,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":59,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94370924,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"4","first_page":"905","last_page":"916"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10986","display_name":"RFID technology advancements","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12801","display_name":"Bluetooth and Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultra-high-frequency","display_name":"Ultra high frequency","score":0.8604552745819092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7661658525466919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bistatic-radar","display_name":"Bistatic radar","score":0.7167201638221741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/passive-radar","display_name":"Passive radar","score":0.6169984936714172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.4674473702907562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.394142210483551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.2089116871356964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.1518695056438446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.12721827626228333}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96122199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628096","display_name":"Ultra high frequency","level":2,"score":0.8604552745819092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7661658525466919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100102862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625855","display_name":"Bistatic radar","level":4,"score":0.7167201638221741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151120012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2143008","display_name":"Passive radar","level":5,"score":0.6169984936714172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.4674473702907562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.394142210483551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.2089116871356964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.1518695056438446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.12721827626228333}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2017.2699976","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2017.2699976","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1702.04398","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1702.04398","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1702.04398","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1702.04398","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1702.04398","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1702.04398","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9100000262260437}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1624258451","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AST-1443999","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W250076511","https://openalex.org/W1483330946","https://openalex.org/W1492719521","https://openalex.org/W1496061141","https://openalex.org/W1973794041","https://openalex.org/W1979519462","https://openalex.org/W1987508110","https://openalex.org/W1988543519","https://openalex.org/W1991766833","https://openalex.org/W2001911814","https://openalex.org/W2002191723","https://openalex.org/W2012462772","https://openalex.org/W2026125198","https://openalex.org/W2034796370","https://openalex.org/W2043078773","https://openalex.org/W2051215417","https://openalex.org/W2062978452","https://openalex.org/W2072489003","https://openalex.org/W2076197070","https://openalex.org/W2090614476","https://openalex.org/W2093201165","https://openalex.org/W2095314257","https://openalex.org/W2098600325","https://openalex.org/W2105103777","https://openalex.org/W2107109577","https://openalex.org/W2108880818","https://openalex.org/W2113369042","https://openalex.org/W2115384682","https://openalex.org/W2118602800","https://openalex.org/W2121800725","https://openalex.org/W2123430663","https://openalex.org/W2127201152","https://openalex.org/W2129567471","https://openalex.org/W2138930661","https://openalex.org/W2152167517","https://openalex.org/W2152724181","https://openalex.org/W2160593627","https://openalex.org/W2163993204","https://openalex.org/W2240825472","https://openalex.org/W2277183816","https://openalex.org/W2289226625","https://openalex.org/W3213044598","https://openalex.org/W4233159434","https://openalex.org/W4379358956","https://openalex.org/W6628835970","https://openalex.org/W6674789917"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2549442608","https://openalex.org/W183945987","https://openalex.org/W4378227101","https://openalex.org/W274378598","https://openalex.org/W2151297847","https://openalex.org/W4400660130","https://openalex.org/W1577154265","https://openalex.org/W2028118399","https://openalex.org/W2541104979","https://openalex.org/W3154140998"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Passive":[0],"radio-frequency":[1],"identification":[2],"(RFID)":[3],"systems":[4],"carry":[5],"critical":[6],"importance":[7],"for":[8,35,76,92],"Internet":[9],"of":[10,32,58,88,122,136],"Things":[11],"(IoT)":[12],"applications":[13,37],"due":[14,101],"to":[15,27,102,140],"their":[16],"energy":[17],"harvesting":[18],"capabilities.":[19],"RFIDbased":[20],"position":[21],"estimation,":[22],"in":[23],"particular,":[24],"is":[25,80,83],"expected":[26],"facilitate":[28],"a":[29],"wide":[30],"array":[31],"location-based":[33],"services":[34],"IoT":[36],"with":[38,85],"low-power":[39],"requirements.":[40],"In":[41,130],"this":[42],"paper,":[43],"considering":[44],"monostatic":[45],"and":[46,49,82,106],"bistatic":[47,146],"configurations":[48],"3-D":[50],"antenna":[51,95,109],"radiation":[52],"pattern,":[53,110],"we":[54],"investigate":[55],"the":[56,77,86,107,111,123],"accuracy":[57,79,87,113,150],"received":[59],"signal":[60],"strength-based":[61],"wireless":[62],"localization":[63,78,112,142,149],"using":[64,145],"passive":[65],"ultra":[66],"high":[67],"frequency":[68],"RFID":[69,94,103,124],"systems.":[70],"The":[71],"Cramer-Rao":[72],"lower":[73],"bound":[74],"(CRLB)":[75],"derived,":[81],"compared":[84],"maximum":[89],"likelihood":[90],"estimators":[91],"various":[93],"configurations.":[96],"Numerical":[97],"results":[98],"show":[99],"that":[100,119],"tag/antenna":[104],"sensitivity,":[105],"directional":[108],"can":[114],"degrade":[115],"at":[116],"blind":[117],"locations":[118],"remain":[120],"outside":[121],"reader":[125],"antennas'":[126],"main":[127],"beam":[128],"patterns.":[129],"such":[131],"cases":[132],"optimizing":[133],"elevation":[134],"angle":[135],"antennas":[137],"are":[138],"shown":[139],"improve":[141],"coverage,":[143],"while":[144],"configuration":[147],"improves":[148],"significantly.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-01T09:00:35.917206","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}