{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2501521689","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2015.2490162","title":"NDCMC: A Hybrid Data Collection Approach for Large-Scale WSNs Using Mobile Element and Hierarchical Clustering","display_name":"NDCMC: A Hybrid Data Collection Approach for Large-Scale WSNs Using Mobile Element and Hierarchical Clustering","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-10-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2501521689","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2015.2490162","mag":"2501521689"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2015.2490162","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2015.2490162","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100666490","display_name":"Ruonan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0030-6758"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ruonan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Internet-of-Things Technologies and Applications Laboratory, Department of Communications Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an, China","Internet-of-Things Technologies and Applications Laboratory, Department of Communications Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internet-of-Things Technologies and Applications Laboratory, Department of Communications Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internet-of-Things Technologies and Applications Laboratory, Department of Communications Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043097022","display_name":"Jianping Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4893-6847"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I212119943","display_name":"University of Victoria","ror":"https://ror.org/04s5mat29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I212119943"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianping Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I212119943"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100636142","display_name":"Di Xie","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Di Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Internet-of-Things Technologies and Applications Laboratory, Department of Communications Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an, China","Internet-of-Things Technologies and Applications Laboratory, Department of Communications Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internet-of-Things Technologies and Applications Laboratory, Department of Communications Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internet-of-Things Technologies and Applications Laboratory, Department of Communications Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016818726","display_name":"Fubao Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fubao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Internet-of-Things Technologies and Applications Laboratory, Department of Communications Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an, China","Internet-of-Things Technologies and Applications Laboratory, Department of Communications Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internet-of-Things Technologies and Applications Laboratory, Department of Communications Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internet-of-Things Technologies and Applications Laboratory, Department of Communications Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100666490"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.307,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":75,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96818204,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"4","first_page":"533","last_page":"543"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10246","display_name":"Mobile Ad Hoc Networks","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8225418329238892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.7508468627929688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.6676439046859741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.581355094909668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.5457677841186523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-collection","display_name":"Data collection","score":0.5451017618179321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.49990272521972656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.48606637120246887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchical-clustering","display_name":"Hierarchical clustering","score":0.47078222036361694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.46403881907463074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.4557468891143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.41819608211517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.32496216893196106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08260971307754517}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8225418329238892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.7508468627929688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.6676439046859741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.581355094909668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.5457677841186523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.5451017618179321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.49990272521972656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.48606637120246887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92835128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1277447","display_name":"Hierarchical clustering","level":3,"score":0.47078222036361694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.46403881907463074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.4557468891143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.41819608211517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.32496216893196106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08260971307754517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2015.2490162","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2015.2490162","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2889845566","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"3102014KYJD033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3775982526","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"G2015KY0803","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4304994671","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61202394","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7729170188","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61571370","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1979257617","https://openalex.org/W1990738567","https://openalex.org/W1996925126","https://openalex.org/W2027236143","https://openalex.org/W2027935533","https://openalex.org/W2034313043","https://openalex.org/W2050266968","https://openalex.org/W2094444297","https://openalex.org/W2104846640","https://openalex.org/W2106356883","https://openalex.org/W2107647107","https://openalex.org/W2108559600","https://openalex.org/W2117257995","https://openalex.org/W2117412859","https://openalex.org/W2132549513","https://openalex.org/W2135786872","https://openalex.org/W2149961918","https://openalex.org/W2168990813","https://openalex.org/W2288889838","https://openalex.org/W2971976882","https://openalex.org/W6681906188","https://openalex.org/W6696694670","https://openalex.org/W6767701250"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975451135","https://openalex.org/W2890570089","https://openalex.org/W2989915292","https://openalex.org/W2295628284","https://openalex.org/W4292477917","https://openalex.org/W3148968234","https://openalex.org/W145760256","https://openalex.org/W2028086369","https://openalex.org/W2123841989","https://openalex.org/W2129477171"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"collect":[1,87],"data":[2,64,135,239],"from":[3,76],"large-scale":[4],"wireless":[5],"sensor":[6,169],"networks":[7],"(WSNs)":[8],"is":[9,105,109,137,146,161,188],"a":[10,47,91,95,140,179,192,200],"challenging":[11],"issue":[12],"and":[13,31,42,53,62,79,133,164,172,183,237],"there":[14],"are":[15,114,120,175,196],"mainly":[16],"two":[17],"approaches":[18],"to":[19,57,86,123,151,222],"increase":[20],"the":[21,59,102,111,127,165,168,216,233,238],"efficiency:":[22],"1)":[23],"by":[24,33,116,153,190],"hierarchical":[25,60],"routing":[26,61,132],"based":[27,100],"on":[28,101],"node":[29,103],"clustering":[30,52,182],"2)":[32],"mobile":[34,54,184],"elements":[35],"(MEs).":[36],"Since":[37],"either":[38],"method":[39],"has":[40,208],"pros":[41],"cons,":[43],"this":[44],"paper":[45],"presents":[46],"hybrid":[48,218],"approach,":[49],"called":[50],"node-density-based":[51],"collection":[55,65,136,185,240],"(NDCMC),":[56],"combine":[58],"ME":[63,82,134,150],"in":[66,199],"WSNs.":[67],"A":[68],"number":[69,193],"of":[70,129,159,167,194],"cluster":[71,77],"heads":[72],"(CHs)":[73],"gather":[74],"information":[75],"members":[78],"then":[80],"an":[81,149],"visits":[83],"these":[84],"CHs":[85,195],"data.":[88],"First,":[89],"for":[90,148],"randomly":[92,198],"deployed":[93,118],"WSN,":[94],"new":[96],"CH":[97],"selection":[98],"scheme":[99,187,220],"density":[104],"proposed.":[106],"The":[107,156],"advantage":[108],"that":[110,215],"nodes":[112,119],"which":[113,191],"surrounded":[115],"more":[117,121],"likely":[122],"be":[124],"CHs.":[125,155],"Thus,":[126],"efficiency":[128],"both":[130],"intracluster":[131],"improved.":[138],"Second,":[139],"low-complexity":[141],"traveling":[142],"track":[143],"planning":[144],"algorithm":[145],"designed":[147],"pass":[152],"all":[154],"analytical":[157],"model":[158],"NDCMC":[160,219],"also":[162,229],"developed":[163],"expectation":[166],"power":[170],"consumption":[171],"network":[173,234],"lifetime":[174],"derived.":[176],"In":[177],"addition,":[178],"simple":[180],"random":[181],"(RCMC)":[186],"introduced":[189],"selected":[197],"WSN.":[201],"Although":[202],"RCMC":[203],"yields":[204],"performance":[205,226],"degradation,":[206],"it":[207],"much":[209],"less":[210],"complexity.":[211],"Extensive":[212],"simulations":[213],"show":[214],"proposed":[217],"leads":[221],"not":[223],"only":[224],"remarkable":[225],"improvement":[227],"but":[228],"convenient":[230],"tradeoff":[231],"between":[232],"energy":[235],"saving":[236],"latency.":[241]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-13T07:58:08.660418","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}