{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3171121830","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jetcas.2021.3084400","title":"Two Sides of the Same Coin: Boons and Banes of Machine Learning in Hardware Security","display_name":"Two Sides of the Same Coin: Boons and Banes of Machine Learning in Hardware Security","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3171121830","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jetcas.2021.3084400","mag":"3171121830"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jetcas.2021.3084400","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jetcas.2021.3084400","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/5503868/9453100/09442769.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142323794","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"2156-3357","issn":["2156-3357","2156-3365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/5503868/9453100/09442769.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000387478","display_name":"Wenye Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4590-5367"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenye Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4590-5367","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029335324","display_name":"Chip-Hong Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8897-6176"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chip-Hong Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8897-6176","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101713354","display_name":"Xueyang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0390-9909"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343180700","display_name":"Intel (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xueyang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0390-9909","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100322194","display_name":"Chen Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0763-2003"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343180700","display_name":"Intel (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0763-2003","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066800978","display_name":"Jason M. Fung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9754-8715"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343180700","display_name":"Intel (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jason M. Fung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9754-8715","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070875972","display_name":"Mohammad Ebrahimabadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6831-8339"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79272384","display_name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore County","ror":"https://ror.org/02qskvh78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79272384"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Ebrahimabadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79272384"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079088715","display_name":"Naghmeh Karimi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5825-6637"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79272384","display_name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore County","ror":"https://ror.org/02qskvh78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79272384"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naghmeh Karimi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5825-6637","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79272384"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076193275","display_name":"Xingyu Meng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5787-0101"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162577319","display_name":"The University of Texas at Dallas","ror":"https://ror.org/049emcs32","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xingyu Meng","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5787-0101","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066320524","display_name":"Kanad Basu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6431-7512"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162577319","display_name":"The University of Texas at Dallas","ror":"https://ror.org/049emcs32","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kanad Basu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6431-7512","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.7756,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93660031,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"2","first_page":"228","last_page":"251"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14117","display_name":"Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.706519365310669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5993351340293884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardware-security-module","display_name":"Hardware security module","score":0.5927029848098755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malware","display_name":"Malware","score":0.5759504437446594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.49412205815315247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.48657548427581787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.4841183125972748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-device","display_name":"Edge device","score":0.4453175365924835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.44478851556777954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/side-channel-attack","display_name":"Side channel attack","score":0.4201025664806366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3978230357170105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.384615957736969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3443693518638611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.28006380796432495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.2264007329940796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.12128320336341858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.706519365310669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5993351340293884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39217717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1432354","display_name":"Hardware security module","level":3,"score":0.5927029848098755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541664917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14001","display_name":"Malware","level":2,"score":0.5759504437446594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.49412205815315247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.48657548427581787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.4841183125972748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138236772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25098575","display_name":"Edge device","level":3,"score":0.4453175365924835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.44478851556777954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49289754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2267081","display_name":"Side channel attack","level":3,"score":0.4201025664806366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3978230357170105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.384615957736969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3443693518638611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.28006380796432495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.2264007329940796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.12128320336341858}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jetcas.2021.3084400","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jetcas.2021.3084400","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/5503868/9453100/09442769.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142323794","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"2156-3357","issn":["2156-3357","2156-3365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dr.ntu.edu.sg:10356/155876","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10356/155876","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402609","display_name":"DR-NTU (Nanyang Technological University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","host_organization_name":"Nanyang Technological University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jetcas.2021.3084400","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jetcas.2021.3084400","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/5503868/9453100/09442769.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142323794","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"2156-3357","issn":["2156-3357","2156-3365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.7799999713897705,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G982644696","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CHFA-GC1-AW01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320709","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation Singapore"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320709","display_name":"National Research Foundation Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/03cpyc314"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3171121830.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3171121830.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":295,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1500903679","https://openalex.org/W1541663547","https://openalex.org/W1544758679","https://openalex.org/W1605172130","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1922123711","https://openalex.org/W1970088130","https://openalex.org/W1975891294","https://openalex.org/W1983082199","https://openalex.org/W1987835579","https://openalex.org/W1992413325","https://openalex.org/W1992787530","https://openalex.org/W1993023092","https://openalex.org/W1998461107","https://openalex.org/W1999632331","https://openalex.org/W2000171858","https://openalex.org/W2007388836","https://openalex.org/W2008056655","https://openalex.org/W2012032225","https://openalex.org/W2018786844","https://openalex.org/W2035407142","https://openalex.org/W2040298438","https://openalex.org/W2044389004","https://openalex.org/W2047667198","https://openalex.org/W2051267297","https://openalex.org/W2064541558","https://openalex.org/W2068085802","https://openalex.org/W2080284304","https://openalex.org/W2087347434","https://openalex.org/W2092858172","https://openalex.org/W2093439000","https://openalex.org/W2096152098","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2099101940","https://openalex.org/W2101246871","https://openalex.org/W2104677471","https://openalex.org/W2105938985","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2115394282","https://openalex.org/W2116374153","https://openalex.org/W2119144962","https://openalex.org/W2125640276","https://openalex.org/W2143020967","https://openalex.org/W2144630005","https://openalex.org/W2145862222","https://openalex.org/W2147758029","https://openalex.org/W2157116240","https://openalex.org/W2161856614","https://openalex.org/W2161998562","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2166844173","https://openalex.org/W2167044614","https://openalex.org/W2170993700","https://openalex.org/W2172255798","https://openalex.org/W2172654076","https://openalex.org/W2183341477","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2255548496","https://openalex.org/W2281118432","https://openalex.org/W2285261652","https://openalex.org/W2285660444","https://openalex.org/W2289245055","https://openalex.org/W2289252105","https://openalex.org/W2295366739","https://openalex.org/W2335728318","https://openalex.org/W2341260337","https://openalex.org/W2381518922","https://openalex.org/W2400831011","https://openalex.org/W2400831429","https://openalex.org/W2431035148","https://openalex.org/W2461943168","https://openalex.org/W2475053276","https://openalex.org/W2496449044","https://openalex.org/W2513554817","https://openalex.org/W2516141709","https://openalex.org/W2524064595","https://openalex.org/W2535690855","https://openalex.org/W2535873859","https://openalex.org/W2536483783","https://openalex.org/W2539143073","https://openalex.org/W2558627660","https://openalex.org/W2565960208","https://openalex.org/W2566015346","https://openalex.org/W2566529203","https://openalex.org/W2571247453","https://openalex.org/W2582533918","https://openalex.org/W2586449326","https://openalex.org/W2592389822","https://openalex.org/W2602229646","https://openalex.org/W2604319603","https://openalex.org/W2609047018","https://openalex.org/W2612481776","https://openalex.org/W2625457103","https://openalex.org/W2736899637","https://openalex.org/W2749093550","https://openalex.org/W2750384547","https://openalex.org/W2750990141","https://openalex.org/W2753783305","https://openalex.org/W2756672502","https://openalex.org/W2757528734","https://openalex.org/W2767260595","https://openalex.org/W2768690687","https://openalex.org/W2771112233","https://openalex.org/W2771399969","https://openalex.org/W2773446523","https://openalex.org/W2781484049","https://openalex.org/W2783429502","https://openalex.org/W2784372305","https://openalex.org/W2786464597","https://openalex.org/W2786776430","https://openalex.org/W2788232741","https://openalex.org/W2793950911","https://openalex.org/W2795915628","https://openalex.org/W2798302089","https://openalex.org/W2798435099","https://openalex.org/W2798540755","https://openalex.org/W2801237935","https://openalex.org/W2807835252","https://openalex.org/W2808426733","https://openalex.org/W2809188712","https://openalex.org/W2809523935","https://openalex.org/W2884231938","https://openalex.org/W2888580379","https://openalex.org/W2890774642","https://openalex.org/W2891810898","https://openalex.org/W2891953071","https://openalex.org/W2895073576","https://openalex.org/W2898173429","https://openalex.org/W2898876449","https://openalex.org/W2903950532","https://openalex.org/W2906249193","https://openalex.org/W2906869444","https://openalex.org/W2909159593","https://openalex.org/W2912806500","https://openalex.org/W2913777492","https://openalex.org/W2921992864","https://openalex.org/W2932551155","https://openalex.org/W2934843808","https://openalex.org/W2936148765","https://openalex.org/W2942566099","https://openalex.org/W2943220429","https://openalex.org/W2945027786","https://openalex.org/W2945387900","https://openalex.org/W2945476062","https://openalex.org/W2946466283","https://openalex.org/W2946628966","https://openalex.org/W2946801000","https://openalex.org/W2948811271","https://openalex.org/W2950146876","https://openalex.org/W2950774332","https://openalex.org/W2951172748","https://openalex.org/W2952311595","https://openalex.org/W2952343783","https://openalex.org/W2962700793","https://openalex.org/W2962726564","https://openalex.org/W2962763344","https://openalex.org/W2963117013","https://openalex.org/W2963163009","https://openalex.org/W2963340555","https://openalex.org/W2963343288","https://openalex.org/W2963446712","https://openalex.org/W2963485691","https://openalex.org/W2963557656","https://openalex.org/W2963640628","https://openalex.org/W2963893493","https://openalex.org/W2964014389","https://openalex.org/W2964050716","https://openalex.org/W2964253222","https://openalex.org/W2964299589","https://openalex.org/W2964318098","https://openalex.org/W2964350391","https://openalex.org/W2964866569","https://openalex.org/W2964923388","https://openalex.org/W2965565691","https://openalex.org/W2969032972","https://openalex.org/W2969695741","https://openalex.org/W2970317235","https://openalex.org/W2971661634","https://openalex.org/W2973232880","https://openalex.org/W2973780393","https://openalex.org/W2978421645","https://openalex.org/W2979730268","https://openalex.org/W2981860227","https://openalex.org/W2982379618","https://openalex.org/W2983140679","https://openalex.org/W2984260944","https://openalex.org/W2989696285","https://openalex.org/W2990270730","https://openalex.org/W2997502936","https://openalex.org/W3007346474","https://openalex.org/W3016094489","https://openalex.org/W3024621361","https://openalex.org/W3034579202","https://openalex.org/W3034665124","https://openalex.org/W3035826889","https://openalex.org/W3036863379","https://openalex.org/W3036979375","https://openalex.org/W3041142214","https://openalex.org/W3042161696","https://openalex.org/W3045670632","https://openalex.org/W3046853140","https://openalex.org/W3049152512","https://openalex.org/W3080934051","https://openalex.org/W3081178496","https://openalex.org/W3090850795","https://openalex.org/W3091833323","https://openalex.org/W3092027164","https://openalex.org/W3092411122","https://openalex.org/W3092516112","https://openalex.org/W3092557510","https://openalex.org/W3092618035","https://openalex.org/W3094745711","https://openalex.org/W3102836279","https://openalex.org/W3102908045","https://openalex.org/W3104216513","https://openalex.org/W3110986688","https://openalex.org/W3113404214","https://openalex.org/W3114482311","https://openalex.org/W3114953961","https://openalex.org/W3118164462","https://openalex.org/W3118608800","https://openalex.org/W3125150533","https://openalex.org/W3128459648","https://openalex.org/W3135347465","https://openalex.org/W3144316864","https://openalex.org/W3157744394","https://openalex.org/W3169517138","https://openalex.org/W3185863913","https://openalex.org/W3188035840","https://openalex.org/W4230550535","https://openalex.org/W4231098049","https://openalex.org/W4236432903","https://openalex.org/W4236646429","https://openalex.org/W4242053016","https://openalex.org/W4246362357","https://openalex.org/W4247200422","https://openalex.org/W4247267706","https://openalex.org/W4247881240","https://openalex.org/W4249899149","https://openalex.org/W4252174618","https://openalex.org/W4288337628","https://openalex.org/W4288363925","https://openalex.org/W4289146347","https://openalex.org/W4293846201","https://openalex.org/W4298140072","https://openalex.org/W6632480037","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6640442106","https://openalex.org/W6674701899","https://openalex.org/W6674983094","https://openalex.org/W6675548740","https://openalex.org/W6676995458","https://openalex.org/W6677580257","https://openalex.org/W6684191040","https://openalex.org/W6684391652","https://openalex.org/W6694260854","https://openalex.org/W6703116779","https://openalex.org/W6720908527","https://openalex.org/W6737316819","https://openalex.org/W6739868092","https://openalex.org/W6741036071","https://openalex.org/W6743496458","https://openalex.org/W6743688258","https://openalex.org/W6747876305","https://openalex.org/W6748262478","https://openalex.org/W6748311976","https://openalex.org/W6750462152","https://openalex.org/W6752265895","https://openalex.org/W6753937820","https://openalex.org/W6755424845","https://openalex.org/W6758096801","https://openalex.org/W6758508162","https://openalex.org/W6758593136","https://openalex.org/W6761100157","https://openalex.org/W6763559720","https://openalex.org/W6763676199","https://openalex.org/W6766787143","https://openalex.org/W6768091516","https://openalex.org/W6769353967","https://openalex.org/W6769969327","https://openalex.org/W6770565366","https://openalex.org/W6779680112","https://openalex.org/W6780044263","https://openalex.org/W6781673281","https://openalex.org/W6782019081","https://openalex.org/W6783981377","https://openalex.org/W6783988264","https://openalex.org/W6784209582","https://openalex.org/W6787972765","https://openalex.org/W6788260846","https://openalex.org/W6789884988","https://openalex.org/W6795009554","https://openalex.org/W6799274335","https://openalex.org/W6799396102"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3134181445","https://openalex.org/W2751059292","https://openalex.org/W2083537062","https://openalex.org/W4286990720","https://openalex.org/W3197298723","https://openalex.org/W2923499815","https://openalex.org/W3176282186","https://openalex.org/W4387489555","https://openalex.org/W2973622361","https://openalex.org/W4293053895"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,18,135],"last":[1],"decade":[2],"has":[3,24,129,143,159,194],"witnessed":[4],"remarkable":[5],"research":[6,158,245],"advances":[7],"at":[8],"the":[9,21,47,61,113,124,147,162,184,189,199,203,209,215,226,234,242,253],"intersection":[10],"of":[11,20,51,95,105,127,164,186,192,211,217,231,236],"machine":[12],"learning":[13,91,119],"(ML)":[14],"and":[15,28,49,57,80,140,214,229,247],"hardware":[16,55,82,237,254],"security.":[17,238],"confluence":[19],"two":[22],"technologies":[23],"created":[25],"many":[26,121],"interesting":[27],"unique":[29],"opportunities,":[30],"but":[31],"also":[32,67,195],"left":[33],"some":[34],"issues":[35],"in":[36,120,220,257],"their":[37],"wake.":[38],"ML":[39,218,232],"schemes":[40],"have":[41,66],"been":[42,68,131,144,196],"extensively":[43],"used":[44],"to":[45,72,137,183,202,208],"enhance":[46],"security":[48,83,213,255],"trust":[50],"embedded":[52],"systems":[53],"like":[54,85],"Trojans":[56],"malware":[58],"detection.":[59],"On":[60],"other":[62],"hand,":[63],"ML-based":[64],"approaches":[65],"adopted":[69],"by":[70,117,173],"adversaries":[71],"assist":[73],"side-channel":[74],"attacks,":[75],"reverse":[76],"engineer":[77],"integrated":[78],"circuits":[79],"break":[81],"primitives":[84],"Physically":[86],"Unclonable":[87],"Functions":[88],"(PUFs).":[89],"Deep":[90,165],"is":[92],"a":[93,102,109,250],"subfield":[94],"ML.":[96],"It":[97],"can":[98,149,169],"continuously":[99],"learn":[100],"from":[101,198,233],"large":[103],"amount":[104],"labeled":[106],"data":[107,187,201],"with":[108],"layered":[110],"structure.":[111],"Despite":[112],"impressive":[114],"outcomes":[115],"demonstrated":[116],"deep":[118],"application":[122],"scenarios,":[123],"dark":[125],"side":[126],"it":[128],"not":[130],"fully":[132,138],"exposed":[133],"yet.":[134],"inability":[136],"understand":[139],"explain":[141],"what":[142],"done":[145],"within":[146],"super-intelligence":[148],"turn":[150],"an":[151],"inherently":[152],"benevolent":[153],"system":[154],"into":[155],"malevolent.":[156],"Recent":[157],"revealed":[160],"that":[161],"outputs":[163],"Neural":[166],"Networks":[167],"(DNNs)":[168],"be":[170],"easily":[171],"corrupted":[172],"imperceptibly":[174],"small":[175],"input":[176,200],"perturbations.":[177],"As":[178],"computations":[179],"are":[180],"brought":[181],"nearer":[182],"source":[185],"creation,":[188],"attack":[190],"surface":[191],"DNN":[193],"extended":[197],"edge":[204],"devices.":[205],"Accordingly,":[206],"due":[207],"opportunities":[210],"ML-assisted":[212],"vulnerabilities":[216,228],"implementation,":[219],"this":[221],"paper,":[222],"we":[223],"will":[224,240],"survey":[225],"applications,":[227],"fortification":[230],"perspective":[235],"We":[239],"discuss":[241],"possible":[243],"future":[244],"directions,":[246],"thereby,":[248],"sharing":[249],"roadmap":[251],"for":[252],"community":[256],"general.":[258]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
