{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3123886273","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jetcas.2021.3053554","title":"Optimal Allocation and Sizing of Synchronous Condensers in Weak Grids With Increased Penetration of Wind and Solar Farms","display_name":"Optimal Allocation and Sizing of Synchronous Condensers in Weak Grids With Increased Penetration of Wind and Solar Farms","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3123886273","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jetcas.2021.3053554","mag":"3123886273"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jetcas.2021.3053554","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jetcas.2021.3053554","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142323794","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"2156-3357","issn":["2156-3357","2156-3365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048193587","display_name":"Sajjad Hadavi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5967-3830"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sajjad Hadavi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5967-3830","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047325193","display_name":"Milad Zarif Mansour","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8401-2695"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Milad Zarif Mansour","raw_affiliation_strings":["Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8401-2695","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014599007","display_name":"Behrooz Bahrani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9482-2990"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Behrooz Bahrani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9482-2990","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048193587"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.8807,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":100,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98389833,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"1","first_page":"199","last_page":"209"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11102","display_name":"HVDC Systems and Fault Protection","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10305","display_name":"Power System Optimization and Stability","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sizing","display_name":"Sizing","score":0.7715551853179932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.6165136098861694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.5600703358650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy","display_name":"Renewable energy","score":0.5346965193748474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-power","display_name":"Wind power","score":0.46114403009414673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prime-mover","display_name":"Prime mover","score":0.43806153535842896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.4335523545742035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.42478013038635254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.4127199053764343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.3436383008956909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.32643184065818787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.31677061319351196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.27143609523773193}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777767291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1080291","display_name":"Sizing","level":2,"score":0.7715551853179932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.6165136098861694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.5600703358650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.5346965193748474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78600449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43302","display_name":"Wind power","level":2,"score":0.46114403009414673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153875185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3304552","display_name":"Prime mover","level":2,"score":0.43806153535842896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.4335523545742035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.42478013038635254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.4127199053764343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3436383008956909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.32643184065818787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.31677061319351196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.27143609523773193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jetcas.2021.3053554","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jetcas.2021.3053554","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142323794","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"2156-3357","issn":["2156-3357","2156-3365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8799999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2039845396","https://openalex.org/W2040886477","https://openalex.org/W2077388941","https://openalex.org/W2132971690","https://openalex.org/W2162536313","https://openalex.org/W2164065242","https://openalex.org/W2239202607","https://openalex.org/W2342615938","https://openalex.org/W2343796881","https://openalex.org/W2429790599","https://openalex.org/W2465389011","https://openalex.org/W2482131373","https://openalex.org/W2508745517","https://openalex.org/W2594044533","https://openalex.org/W2595551762","https://openalex.org/W2610075340","https://openalex.org/W2619571475","https://openalex.org/W2765725292","https://openalex.org/W2769782772","https://openalex.org/W2782770186","https://openalex.org/W2794655067","https://openalex.org/W2809004868","https://openalex.org/W2883276917","https://openalex.org/W2904621367","https://openalex.org/W2905924750","https://openalex.org/W2911604918","https://openalex.org/W2951201648","https://openalex.org/W2968605085","https://openalex.org/W2980926838","https://openalex.org/W2999570959","https://openalex.org/W3000580393","https://openalex.org/W3006255536","https://openalex.org/W6766579319","https://openalex.org/W6772808551"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2729319515","https://openalex.org/W2312981627","https://openalex.org/W2260355685","https://openalex.org/W2374153139","https://openalex.org/W2257766224","https://openalex.org/W2082671848","https://openalex.org/W2087885229","https://openalex.org/W2375311683","https://openalex.org/W4255952301","https://openalex.org/W2366062860"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,129,192,201],"increasing":[1],"number":[2],"of":[3,125,132,154,213],"weak-grid-connected":[4],"renewable":[5,227],"energy":[6,228],"resources":[7,229],"in":[8,15,24,30,62,141,159,186,216],"power":[9,33,64],"systems":[10],"has":[11],"created":[12],"various":[13],"challenges":[14,39],"recent":[16],"years.":[17],"Some":[18],"examples":[19],"include":[20],"un-damped":[21],"voltage":[22,73,157],"oscillations":[23],"the":[25,31,81,120,142,149,160,172,198,211,214],"ERCOT":[26],"and":[27,47,72,109,123,151,156,175,209,224,234],"sub-synchronous":[28],"resonance":[29],"North-China":[32],"grid.":[34],"Several":[35],"solutions":[36],"for":[37,119,197],"these":[38],"have":[40],"been":[41],"proposed,":[42],"such":[43,66],"as":[44,67],"Static":[45],"Compensators":[46],"Synchronous":[48],"Condensers":[49],"(SynCons).":[50],"SynCons,":[51,155],"being":[52],"synchronous":[53],"machines":[54],"without":[55],"a":[56,92,102,117,187],"prime":[57],"mover,":[58],"provide":[59],"several":[60],"benefits":[61],"weak":[63,82],"systems,":[65],"frequency":[68],"support,":[69],"system":[70,143,161],"strength,":[71],"regulation.":[74],"Although":[75],"SynCons":[76,126],"are":[77,162,168],"widely-utilized":[78],"to":[79,170],"mitigate":[80],"grid":[83,238],"integration":[84],"challenges,":[85],"their":[86,96,106],"installation":[87],"/operation":[88],"costs":[89,153],"make":[90],"them":[91],"costly":[93],"solution.":[94],"Additionally,":[95],"lead-time":[97],"can":[98,230],"be":[99,112],"more":[100,220],"than":[101,145,221],"year,":[103],"which":[104],"means":[105],"initial":[107],"sizing":[108,124],"allocation":[110,122,208],"must":[111],"optimal.":[113],"In":[114],"this":[115,133],"paper,":[116],"method":[118,134],"optimal":[121],"is":[127,135,178,195,219],"proposed.":[128],"main":[130],"objective":[131],"maintaining":[136],"Short":[137],"Circuit":[138],"Ratio":[139],"(SCR)":[140],"greater":[144],"pre-defined":[146,222],"values":[147],"while":[148],"investment":[150],"operation":[152],"deviation":[158],"minimized.":[163],"Three":[164],"meta-heuristic":[165],"optimization":[166],"algorithms":[167],"used":[169,196],"implement":[171],"proposed":[173],"method,":[174],"its":[176],"performance":[177],"evaluated":[179],"via":[180],"Electromagnetic":[181],"Transient":[182],"(EMT)":[183],"time-domain":[184,199],"simulation":[185,202],"modified":[188],"IEEE":[189],"39-bus":[190],"system.":[191],"PSCAD/EMTDC":[193],"software":[194],"simulation.":[200],"results":[203],"confirm":[204],"that":[205],"with":[206,236],"optimized":[207],"sizing,":[210],"SCR":[212],"network":[215],"all":[217,226],"areas":[218],"values,":[223],"also,":[225],"ride":[231],"through":[232],"disturbances":[233],"comply":[235],"given":[237],"codes.":[239]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-28T14:05:53.105641","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}