{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3006553301","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jetcas.2020.2972689","title":"Idling Energy Modeling and Reduction in Energy Harvesting Terahertz Nanonetworks for Controlling Software-Defined Metamaterials","display_name":"Idling Energy Modeling and Reduction in Energy Harvesting Terahertz Nanonetworks for Controlling Software-Defined Metamaterials","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-02-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3006553301","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jetcas.2020.2972689","mag":"3006553301"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jetcas.2020.2972689","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jetcas.2020.2972689","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142323794","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"2156-3357","issn":["2156-3357","2156-3365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087543928","display_name":"Filip Lemi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5760-4591"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149213910","display_name":"University of Antwerp","ror":"https://ror.org/008x57b05","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149213910"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153300","display_name":"Shanghai Research Center for Wireless Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfd0826","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153300"]}],"countries":["BE","CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Filip Lemic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Internet Technology and Data Science Lab (IDLab), University of Antwerpenimec, Antwerpen, Belgium","Terahertz Wireless Communications (TWC) Lab, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","Internet Technology and Data Science Lab (IDLab), University of Antwerpenimec, Antwerpen, Belgium; Terahertz Wireless Communications (TWC) Lab, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internet Technology and Data Science Lab (IDLab), University of Antwerpenimec, Antwerpen, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149213910"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Terahertz Wireless Communications (TWC) Lab, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153300","https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internet Technology and Data Science Lab (IDLab), University of Antwerpenimec, Antwerpen, Belgium; Terahertz Wireless Communications (TWC) Lab, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930","https://openalex.org/I149213910"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048916368","display_name":"Chong Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9638-4736"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153300","display_name":"Shanghai Research Center for Wireless Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfd0826","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153300"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chong Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Terahertz Wireless Communications (TWC) Lab, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","[Terahertz Wireless Communications (TWC) Lab, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Terahertz Wireless Communications (TWC) Lab, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153300","https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Terahertz Wireless Communications (TWC) Lab, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153300","https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047378679","display_name":"Jeroen Famaey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3587-1354"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149213910","display_name":"University of Antwerp","ror":"https://ror.org/008x57b05","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149213910"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeroen Famaey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Internet Technology and Data Science Lab (IDLab), University of Antwerpenimec, Antwerpen, Belgium","[Internet Technology and Data Science Lab (IDLab), University of Antwerpenimec, Antwerpen, Belgium]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internet Technology and Data Science Lab (IDLab), University of Antwerpenimec, Antwerpen, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149213910"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Internet Technology and Data Science Lab (IDLab), University of Antwerpenimec, Antwerpen, Belgium]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149213910"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5087543928"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149213910","https://openalex.org/I183067930","https://openalex.org/I4210153300"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3357,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80115333,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"1","first_page":"88","last_page":"99"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13052","display_name":"Molecular Communication and Nanonetworks","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10245","display_name":"Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metamaterial","display_name":"Metamaterial","score":0.7632724046707153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terahertz-radiation","display_name":"Terahertz radiation","score":0.7600778937339783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.6934877634048462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5756592750549316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.5560492873191833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-harvesting","display_name":"Energy harvesting","score":0.5399134159088135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terahertz-metamaterials","display_name":"Terahertz metamaterials","score":0.5056765079498291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.45798125863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.44449859857559204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4434286057949066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-physics","display_name":"Engineering physics","score":0.4312290847301483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.4199164807796478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.41858410835266113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3513147830963135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2983122766017914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.2173376977443695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/far-infrared-laser","display_name":"Far-infrared laser","score":0.08629998564720154}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110367647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q497166","display_name":"Metamaterial","level":2,"score":0.7632724046707153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107816215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q647887","display_name":"Terahertz radiation","level":2,"score":0.7600778937339783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6934877634048462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5756592750549316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5560492873191833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101518730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q930236","display_name":"Energy harvesting","level":3,"score":0.5399134159088135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112184408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7701523","display_name":"Terahertz metamaterials","level":4,"score":0.5056765079498291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.45798125863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.44449859857559204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4434286057949066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61696701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q770766","display_name":"Engineering physics","level":1,"score":0.4312290847301483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4199164807796478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.41858410835266113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3513147830963135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2983122766017914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.2173376977443695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133033976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2054070","display_name":"Far-infrared laser","level":3,"score":0.08629998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jetcas.2020.2972689","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jetcas.2020.2972689","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142323794","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"2156-3357","issn":["2156-3357","2156-3365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9100000262260437}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2599346879","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"V406320N","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321730","funder_display_name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G692632934","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61701300","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321730","display_name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","ror":"https://ror.org/03qtxy027"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1504592535","https://openalex.org/W1975136868","https://openalex.org/W1987681420","https://openalex.org/W1993746212","https://openalex.org/W2009114917","https://openalex.org/W2037141347","https://openalex.org/W2037837081","https://openalex.org/W2053176323","https://openalex.org/W2073037901","https://openalex.org/W2091629861","https://openalex.org/W2095396823","https://openalex.org/W2097014909","https://openalex.org/W2121937289","https://openalex.org/W2148352577","https://openalex.org/W2163850776","https://openalex.org/W2168311839","https://openalex.org/W2169061810","https://openalex.org/W2291084434","https://openalex.org/W2293071930","https://openalex.org/W2547880419","https://openalex.org/W2564990389","https://openalex.org/W2571303926","https://openalex.org/W2606107257","https://openalex.org/W2751688189","https://openalex.org/W2765209688","https://openalex.org/W2800562664","https://openalex.org/W2886159768","https://openalex.org/W2946117539","https://openalex.org/W2968609010","https://openalex.org/W2972434517","https://openalex.org/W2979849198","https://openalex.org/W2979893930","https://openalex.org/W2980494059","https://openalex.org/W3009862599","https://openalex.org/W3100648548","https://openalex.org/W4288108797","https://openalex.org/W4392763852","https://openalex.org/W6630226389","https://openalex.org/W6683779489","https://openalex.org/W6767634296","https://openalex.org/W6862438568"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2054823873","https://openalex.org/W2159494291","https://openalex.org/W1984963878","https://openalex.org/W263681224","https://openalex.org/W2603220353","https://openalex.org/W2332576526","https://openalex.org/W1982894106","https://openalex.org/W2594066180","https://openalex.org/W1516104565","https://openalex.org/W2583109268"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Software-Defined":[0],"Metamaterials":[1],"(SDMs)":[2],"are":[3],"envisioned":[4],"to":[5,32,42,96,204,234],"enable":[6,112],"the":[7,70,84,97,102,106,126,140,152,163,171,174,182,216,235,243,248],"control":[8,26],"of":[9,25,53,87,101,181,224,242],"electromagnetic":[10],"waves":[11],"at":[12],"an":[13,50,118],"unprecedented":[14],"scale.":[15],"Various":[16],"SDM":[17,135,209],"applications":[18],"will":[19],"require":[20],"downlink":[21],"and":[22,80,146],"broadcast-based":[23],"transmission":[24,98],"packets":[27],"from":[28],"a":[29,44,64,90,130,158],"powered":[30],"transmitter":[31],"energy":[33,55,85,92,107,119,142,154,200,228],"harvesting":[34,201],"nanonodes.":[35,165,184],"The":[36],"nanonode's":[37],"communication":[38,249],"system":[39],"is":[40,57,63,93,144,220],"anticipated":[41],"be":[43,148,196,205,231],"bottleneck":[45],"for":[46,67,125,133,162,190],"such":[47],"nanonetworks,":[48],"hence":[49],"accurate":[51],"modeling":[52,86],"its":[54],"consumption":[56,120,143,229],"needed.":[58],"Time-Spread":[59],"ON-OFF":[60],"Keying":[61],"(TS-OOK)":[62],"prevailing":[65],"scheme":[66],"nanocommunication":[68],"in":[69,109,207,214,246],"Terahertz":[71],"(THz)":[72],"frequencies,":[73],"with":[74],"short":[75,179],"pulses":[76],"representing":[77],"logical":[78],"\u201c1\u201ds":[79],"silences":[81],"\u201c0\u201ds.":[82],"In":[83,129],"this":[88],"scheme,":[89],"certain":[91],"usually":[94],"attributed":[95],"or":[99],"reception":[100],"pulses,":[103],"without":[104],"considering":[105],"consumed":[108],"idling.":[110],"To":[111,150],"more":[113],"realistic":[114],"modeling,":[115],"we":[116,137,156,186,211,238],"propose":[117,157,187],"model":[121],"that":[122,139],"additionally":[123],"accounts":[124],"idling":[127,141,153,227],"energy.":[128],"scenario":[131],"relevant":[132],"numerous":[134],"applications,":[136,210],"demonstrate":[138,239],"substantial":[145],"cannot":[147],"disregarded.":[149],"reduce":[151],"consumption,":[155],"new":[159],"duty":[160,176,218],"cycle":[161,177,219],"receiving":[164,183],"Assuming":[166],"frequent":[167],"packet":[168],"repetitions":[169],"on":[170],"transmit":[172],"side,":[173],"proposed":[175,217,244],"utilizes":[178],"wake-ups":[180,194],"Additionally,":[185],"two":[188,199],"algorithms":[189,245],"deciding":[191],"when":[192],"these":[193],"should":[195],"performed.":[197],"For":[198],"options":[202],"expected":[203],"utilized":[206],"prominent":[208],"show":[212],"that,":[213],"case":[215],"utilized,":[221],"three":[222],"orders":[223],"magnitude":[225],"higher":[226],"can":[230],"tolerated":[232],"compared":[233],"baseline.":[236],"Finally,":[237],"encouraging":[240],"performance":[241],"increasing":[247],"reliability.":[250]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}