{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2969032972","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jetcas.2019.2933862","title":"Sensitivity-Based Error Resilient Techniques With Heterogeneous Multiply\u2013Accumulate Unit for Voltage Scalable Deep Neural Network Accelerators","display_name":"Sensitivity-Based Error Resilient Techniques With Heterogeneous Multiply\u2013Accumulate Unit for Voltage Scalable Deep Neural Network Accelerators","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-08-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2969032972","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jetcas.2019.2933862","mag":"2969032972"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jetcas.2019.2933862","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jetcas.2019.2933862","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142323794","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"2156-3357","issn":["2156-3357","2156-3365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091058036","display_name":"Dongyeob Shin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongyeob Shin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045814929","display_name":"Wonseok Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7566-6945"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wonseok Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101839916","display_name":"Jongsun Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3251-0024"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jongsun Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3251-0024","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085567454","display_name":"Swaroop Ghosh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8753-490X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Swaroop Ghosh","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8753-490X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9849,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86923397,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"3","first_page":"520","last_page":"531"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10472","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and devices","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6600942611694336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6485419869422913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.6029922962188721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.5710897445678711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.5229887962341309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scaling","display_name":"Scaling","score":0.4976349174976349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.45773059129714966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.45198360085487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.39722713828086853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.35112419724464417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.15987420082092285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14546138048171997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12269872426986694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.11109849810600281}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6600942611694336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6485419869422913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.6029922962188721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.5710897445678711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.5229887962341309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99844830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924","display_name":"Scaling","level":2,"score":0.4976349174976349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.45773059129714966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.45198360085487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.39722713828086853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.35112419724464417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.15987420082092285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14546138048171997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12269872426986694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.11109849810600281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jetcas.2019.2933862","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jetcas.2019.2933862","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142323794","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"2156-3357","issn":["2156-3357","2156-3365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9100000262260437,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1999252751","https://openalex.org/W2043318181","https://openalex.org/W2048266589","https://openalex.org/W2076344933","https://openalex.org/W2119144962","https://openalex.org/W2134698135","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2174721295","https://openalex.org/W2193413348","https://openalex.org/W2271840356","https://openalex.org/W2289252105","https://openalex.org/W2341171179","https://openalex.org/W2513554817","https://openalex.org/W2606722458","https://openalex.org/W2613718673","https://openalex.org/W2707890836","https://openalex.org/W2774688396","https://openalex.org/W2808976322","https://openalex.org/W2809188712","https://openalex.org/W2946206667","https://openalex.org/W2963122961","https://openalex.org/W2963287528","https://openalex.org/W2963640628","https://openalex.org/W2964299589","https://openalex.org/W4238485759","https://openalex.org/W4252174618","https://openalex.org/W6620707391","https://openalex.org/W6677580257","https://openalex.org/W6684191040","https://openalex.org/W6687566353","https://openalex.org/W6694517276","https://openalex.org/W6739917289"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1527726406","https://openalex.org/W2364921833","https://openalex.org/W2388030554","https://openalex.org/W2302028273","https://openalex.org/W1525643724","https://openalex.org/W2382623646","https://openalex.org/W3087771547","https://openalex.org/W2333420780","https://openalex.org/W2375463041","https://openalex.org/W2998040261"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"inherent":[1],"algorithmic":[2],"error":[3,30,42,75,212],"resilience":[4,43],"of":[5,64,91,166],"deep":[6],"neural":[7],"networks":[8],"(DNNs),":[9],"supply":[10],"voltage":[11,36,107,185],"scaling":[12,37,108],"could":[13],"be":[14,124],"a":[15,181],"promising":[16],"technique":[17,32],"for":[18,103],"energy":[19,192],"efficient":[20],"DNN":[21,48,128,174,187],"accelerator":[22,129,188],"design.":[23],"In":[24],"this":[25],"paper,":[26],"we":[27],"present":[28,80],"an":[29],"resilient":[31],"to":[33,47,58,105,126,140,155,171,209],"enable":[34],"aggressive":[35,106],"by":[38],"exploiting":[39],"the":[40,60,81,92,132,147,164,183],"asymmetric":[41],"(sensitivity)":[44],"with":[45,98,134,149,203],"respect":[46],"layers,":[49],"filters,":[50],"and":[51],"channels.":[52],"First-order":[53],"Taylor":[54],"expansion":[55],"is":[56],"used":[57],"evaluate":[59],"filter/channel-level":[61],"weight":[62,71],"sensitivities":[63,72],"large":[65],"scale":[66],"DNNs":[67],"which":[68],"accurately":[69],"approximates":[70],"from":[73],"actual":[74],"injection":[76],"simulations.":[77],"We":[78],"also":[79],"heterogeneous":[82],"multiply-accumulate":[83],"(MAC)":[84],"unit":[85],"based":[86],"design":[87,127],"approach":[88],"where":[89],"some":[90],"MAC":[93,111,144,159,167],"units":[94,112,145,168],"are":[95,113,138,153,169],"designed":[96,114],"larger":[97],"shorter":[99],"critical":[100],"path":[101],"delays":[102],"robustness":[104],"while":[109,146],"other":[110],"relatively":[115],"smaller.":[116],"The":[117],"sensitivity":[118],"variations":[119],"among":[120],"filter":[121],"weights":[122,137,152],"can":[123,189],"leveraged":[125],"such":[130],"that":[131],"computations":[133,148],"more":[135,141],"sensitive":[136,151],"assigned":[139,154],"robust":[142,157],"(larger)":[143],"less":[150,156],"(smaller)":[158],"units.":[160],"Using":[161],"dynamic":[162],"programming,":[163],"sizes":[165],"selected":[170],"achieve":[172,190],"best":[173],"accuracy":[175],"under":[176],"ISO":[177],"area":[178],"constraint.":[179],"As":[180],"result,":[182],"proposed":[184],"scalable":[186],"34%":[191],"savings":[193],"in":[194],"post":[195],"layout":[196],"simulations":[197],"using":[198,206],"65":[199],"nm":[200],"CMOS":[201],"process":[202],"ImageNet":[204],"dataset":[205],"ResNet-18":[207],"compared":[208],"state-of-the-art":[210],"timing":[211],"recovery":[213],"technique.":[214]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
