{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1993927936","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jetcas.2014.2361070","title":"Energy-Efficiency and Accuracy of Stochastic Computing Circuits in Emerging Technologies","display_name":"Energy-Efficiency and Accuracy of Stochastic Computing Circuits in Emerging Technologies","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-10-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1993927936","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jetcas.2014.2361070","mag":"1993927936"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jetcas.2014.2361070","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jetcas.2014.2361070","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142323794","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"2156-3357","issn":["2156-3357","2156-3365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/123456789/473849","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061910461","display_name":"Bert Moons","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0136-8232"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bert Moons","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microelectronics and Sensors Division (MICAS), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","Microelectronics and Sensors Division (MICAS), Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microelectronics and Sensors Division (MICAS), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974","https://openalex.org/I99464096"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microelectronics and Sensors Division (MICAS), Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012150553","display_name":"Marian Verhelst","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3495-9263"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marian Verhelst","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microelectronics and Sensors Division (MICAS), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","MICAS Division, Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microelectronics and Sensors Division (MICAS), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974","https://openalex.org/I99464096"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MICAS Division, Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061910461"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974","https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.768,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":63,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93806953,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"4","first_page":"475","last_page":"486"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-computing","display_name":"Stochastic computing","score":0.9110612869262695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7069492936134338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soft-error","display_name":"Soft error","score":0.5577208399772644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transient","display_name":"Transient (computer programming)","score":0.5097810626029968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.49843668937683105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.4964600205421448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-electronics","display_name":"Digital electronics","score":0.4709739685058594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.42367807030677795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/circuit-design","display_name":"Circuit design","score":0.4233241677284241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-circuit","display_name":"Electronic circuit","score":0.36080417037010193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.33260756731033325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.324687123298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.16259223222732544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14547988772392273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13171911239624023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.12917888164520264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.09619307518005371}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780971903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2933705","display_name":"Stochastic computing","level":3,"score":0.9110612869262695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7069492936134338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154474529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1658917","display_name":"Soft error","level":2,"score":0.5577208399772644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780799671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17087362","display_name":"Transient (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.5097810626029968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.49843668937683105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.4964600205421448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81843906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173156","display_name":"Digital electronics","level":3,"score":0.4709739685058594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.42367807030677795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190560348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3245116","display_name":"Circuit design","level":2,"score":0.4233241677284241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.36080417037010193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.33260756731033325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.324687123298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.16259223222732544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14547988772392273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13171911239624023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.12917888164520264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.09619307518005371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jetcas.2014.2361070","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jetcas.2014.2361070","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142323794","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"2156-3357","issn":["2156-3357","2156-3365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:123456789/473849","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/123456789/473849","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401954","display_name":"Lirias (KU Leuven)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","host_organization_name":"KU Leuven","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems, vol. 4 (4), Art.No. 4, (475-486)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:123456789/473849","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/123456789/473849","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401954","display_name":"Lirias (KU Leuven)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","host_organization_name":"KU Leuven","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems, vol. 4 (4), Art.No. 4, (475-486)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8799999952316284}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W992839431","https://openalex.org/W1965095816","https://openalex.org/W1984926087","https://openalex.org/W1993363272","https://openalex.org/W2003056114","https://openalex.org/W2012712773","https://openalex.org/W2021423215","https://openalex.org/W2025300232","https://openalex.org/W2027208482","https://openalex.org/W2027269053","https://openalex.org/W2040859863","https://openalex.org/W2051898848","https://openalex.org/W2055341514","https://openalex.org/W2077344647","https://openalex.org/W2090537779","https://openalex.org/W2091455589","https://openalex.org/W2098470668","https://openalex.org/W2100583107","https://openalex.org/W2101765144","https://openalex.org/W2116676915","https://openalex.org/W2117648153","https://openalex.org/W2118412406","https://openalex.org/W2127491699","https://openalex.org/W2151770284","https://openalex.org/W2161058820","https://openalex.org/W2166029726","https://openalex.org/W2167839483","https://openalex.org/W2169745782","https://openalex.org/W2171060285","https://openalex.org/W2174937762","https://openalex.org/W2296101864","https://openalex.org/W2296253867","https://openalex.org/W2497735908","https://openalex.org/W3182208082","https://openalex.org/W4212767893","https://openalex.org/W4251846933","https://openalex.org/W7075348695"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4385650371","https://openalex.org/W1988630495","https://openalex.org/W3123782093","https://openalex.org/W1994265547","https://openalex.org/W1874841060","https://openalex.org/W1993927936","https://openalex.org/W1508168066","https://openalex.org/W2400119548","https://openalex.org/W4295172470","https://openalex.org/W4287122597"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,167],"continued":[1],"scaling":[2],"of":[3,22,39,114,129,140,162,169,178,185],"feature":[4],"sizes":[5],"in":[6,16,36,101,123,206,216],"integrated":[7],"circuit":[8,17,54],"technology":[9],"leads":[10],"to":[11,50,73,98,158,201],"more":[12],"uncertainty":[13,143],"and":[14,45,117,120,144],"unreliability":[15],"behavior.":[18],"Maintaining":[19],"the":[20,37,93,112,127,160,176],"paradigm":[21],"deterministic":[23],"Boolean":[24],"computing":[25,31,195],"therefore":[26,47],"becomes":[27],"increasingly":[28],"challenging.":[29],"Stochastic":[30],"(SC)":[32],"processes":[33],"digital":[34],"data":[35],"form":[38],"long":[40,198],"pseudo-random":[41],"bit-streams":[42],"denoting":[43],"probabilities":[44],"is":[46,68,173],"less":[48],"vulnerable":[49],"uncertainty.":[51,108],"When":[52],"transient":[53,107,213],"variations":[55],"are":[56,132],"present,":[57],"SC":[58,80,116,124,149,165],"greatly":[59],"outperforms":[60],"classical":[61],"binary":[62,71,99],"implementations.":[63],"Under":[64],"these":[65],"circumstances,":[66],"it":[67],"impossible":[69],"for":[70,85],"systems":[72],"achieve":[74,202],"arbitrarily":[75],"low":[76,207],"error":[77,214],"rates,":[78],"while":[79],"can":[81],"still":[82],"trade-off":[83],"precision":[84],"energy":[86,119,208,224],"by":[87],"using":[88],"longer":[89],"bit-streams.":[90],"This":[91,109],"makes":[92],"technique":[94],"a":[95,154,179,186,222],"valuable":[96],"alternative":[97],"logic":[100],"emerging":[102,217],"technologies":[103,218],"with":[104],"high":[105,203,223],"inherent":[106],"paper":[110],"assesses":[111],"feasibility":[113],"multi-stage":[115,164,193],"discusses":[118],"accuracy":[121,161],"considerations":[122],"design.":[125],"First,":[126],"basics":[128],"SC-circuit":[130],"design":[131,156,177],"discussed.":[133],"Second,":[134],"we":[135,152],"investigate":[136],"three":[137],"different":[138],"sources":[139],"noise":[141],"or":[142],"assess":[145],"their":[146],"impact":[147],"on":[148],"accuracy.":[150],"Third,":[151],"propose":[153],"methodological":[155],"strategy":[157],"evaluate":[159],"general,":[163],"systems.":[166],"validity":[168],"this":[170],"new":[171],"approach":[172],"illustrated":[174],"through":[175],"1D-DCT":[180],"stochastic":[181,194,211],"circuit,":[182],"as":[183],"part":[184],"JPEG":[187],"compression":[188],"accelerator.":[189],"Our":[190],"analysis":[191],"shows":[192],"requires":[196],"very":[197],"word":[199],"lengths":[200],"accuracy,":[204],"resulting":[205],"efficiency.":[209],"Exploiting":[210],"computing's":[212],"tolerance":[215],"will":[219],"thus":[220],"have":[221],"cost.":[225]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
