{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2150756480","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jetcas.2011.2163694","title":"Area-Effective and Power-Efficient Fixed-Width Booth Multipliers Using Generalized Probabilistic Estimation Bias","display_name":"Area-Effective and Power-Efficient Fixed-Width Booth Multipliers Using Generalized Probabilistic Estimation Bias","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-08-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2150756480","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jetcas.2011.2163694","mag":"2150756480"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jetcas.2011.2163694","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jetcas.2011.2163694","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142323794","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"2156-3357","issn":["2156-3357","2156-3365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059884632","display_name":"Yuan\u2010Ho Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5651-7584"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan-Ho Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101814642","display_name":"Chung\u2010Yi Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9743-3870"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chung-Yi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100885664","display_name":"Tsin\u2010Yuan Chang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tsin-Yuan Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2654,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":40,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80182194,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"3","first_page":"277","last_page":"288"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11034","display_name":"Digital Filter Design and Implementation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/booths-multiplication-algorithm","display_name":"Booth's multiplication algorithm","score":0.8654735088348389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplier","display_name":"Multiplier (economics)","score":0.74703449010849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5254247188568115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.4406720995903015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-cosine-transform","display_name":"Discrete cosine transform","score":0.43140077590942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.424908310174942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adder","display_name":"Adder","score":0.39908117055892944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.35071516036987305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3366623818874359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.24436920881271362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.240632563829422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.15670889616012573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10497096180915833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.08296766877174377}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72475854","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477049","display_name":"Booth's multiplication algorithm","level":4,"score":0.8654735088348389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124584101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053266","display_name":"Multiplier (economics)","level":2,"score":0.74703449010849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5254247188568115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.4406720995903015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2221639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2877","display_name":"Discrete cosine transform","level":3,"score":0.43140077590942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.424908310174942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164620267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376953","display_name":"Adder","level":3,"score":0.39908117055892944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.35071516036987305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3366623818874359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.24436920881271362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.240632563829422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.15670889616012573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10497096180915833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.08296766877174377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jetcas.2011.2163694","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jetcas.2011.2163694","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142323794","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"2156-3357","issn":["2156-3357","2156-3365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8899999856948853,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1501488688","https://openalex.org/W1528874917","https://openalex.org/W1584008964","https://openalex.org/W1711722762","https://openalex.org/W1745399674","https://openalex.org/W1997088177","https://openalex.org/W2039792413","https://openalex.org/W2040056309","https://openalex.org/W2059347185","https://openalex.org/W2066650353","https://openalex.org/W2073123623","https://openalex.org/W2087670726","https://openalex.org/W2093048725","https://openalex.org/W2099198033","https://openalex.org/W2102915015","https://openalex.org/W2110632255","https://openalex.org/W2121845226","https://openalex.org/W2126024912","https://openalex.org/W2130132302","https://openalex.org/W2138179663","https://openalex.org/W2158958240","https://openalex.org/W2160165121","https://openalex.org/W2161093394","https://openalex.org/W4210673018","https://openalex.org/W6637585208"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2171373222","https://openalex.org/W2158685723","https://openalex.org/W2546612563","https://openalex.org/W1976249856","https://openalex.org/W3096907109","https://openalex.org/W3205148284","https://openalex.org/W2184818077","https://openalex.org/W2153963611","https://openalex.org/W1743414813","https://openalex.org/W2993141888"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"a":[3],"closed":[4],"form":[5],"of":[6,71,149,175],"compensation":[7,52],"function":[8],"for":[9],"fixed-width":[10,45],"Booth":[11,62,94,101,110,129,142,158,185],"multipliers":[12,46,111,143],"using":[13,194],"generalized":[14],"probabilistic":[15,24],"estimation":[16,25],"bias":[17],"(GPEB)":[18],"is":[19,89,192],"proposed.":[20],"Based":[21],"on":[22,68],"the":[23,27,30,39,50,69,77,92,104,108,117,126,132,140,147,161,173,184,195],"from":[26],"truncation":[28,80],"part,":[29],"GPEB":[31,44,61,93,109,128,141],"circuit":[32,148],"can":[33,112,166],"be":[34],"easily":[35],"built":[36],"according":[37],"to":[38],"proposed":[40,127,162,196],"systematic":[41],"steps.":[42],"The":[43],"with":[47,76,97,124,136,156,172],"variable-correction":[48],"outperform":[49],"existing":[51,118],"circuits":[53],"in":[54,91,146],"reducing":[55],"error.":[56],"An":[57],"8":[58,60],"\u00d7":[59],"multiplier":[63,95,130,186],"improves":[64],"more":[65,84],"than":[66,85,116],"88%":[67],"reduction":[70],"absolute":[72],"average":[73],"error":[74],"compared":[75,96,135],"traditional":[78,157],"direct":[79],"(D-T)":[81],"multiplier,":[82],"and":[83,190],"32%":[86],"area":[87,170],"savings":[88],"obtained":[90],"posttrun":[98],"cation":[99],"(P-T)":[100],"multiplier.":[102],"By":[103],"same":[105],"power":[106,122],"consumption,":[107],"achieve":[113],"higher":[114],"accuracy":[115],"works.":[119],"Besides,":[120],"considering":[121],"efficiency":[123],"accuracy,":[125],"has":[131],"most":[133],"power-efficiency":[134],"other":[137],"methods.":[138],"Furthermore,":[139],"are":[144],"implemented":[145],"two-dimensional":[150],"discrete":[151],"cosine":[152],"transform":[153],"(DCT).":[154],"Compared":[155],"multiplier's":[159],"applications,":[160],"2-D":[163],"DCT":[164],"cores":[165],"reduce":[167],"about":[168],"18%":[169],"cost":[171],"penalty":[174],"only":[176],"0.8":[177],"dB":[178],"peak":[179],"signal-to-noise":[180],"ratio":[181],"(PSNR).":[182],"Consequently,":[183],"utilizing":[187],"area-efficiency,":[188],"power-efficiency,":[189],"high-accuracy":[191],"achieved":[193],"GPEB.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}